Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Calculated globulin fraction is derived from the liver function tests by subtracting albumin from the total protein. Since immunoglobulins comprise the largest component of the serum globulin concentration, increased or decreased calculated globulins and may identify patients with hypogammaglobulinaemia or hypergammaglobulinaemia, respectively. METHODS:A retrospective study of laboratory data over 2.5 years from inpatients at three tertiary hospitals was performed. Patients with paired calculated globulins and immunoglobulin results were identified and clinical details reviewed. The results of serum electrophoresis testing were also assessed where available. RESULTS:A total of 4035 patients had paired laboratory data available. A calculated globulin ≤20 g/L (<2nd percentile) had a low sensitivity (5.8%) but good positive predictive value (82.5%) for hypogammaglobulinaemia (IgG ≤5.7 g/L), with a positive predictive value of 37.5% for severe hypogammaglobulinaemia (IgG ≤3 g/L). Paraproteins were identified in 123/291 (42.3%) of patients with increased calculated globulins (≥42 g/L) who also had a serum electrophoresis performed. Significantly elevated calculated globulin ≥50 g/L (>4th percentile) were seen in patients with either liver disease (37%), haematological malignancy (36%), autoimmune disease (13%) or infections (9%). CONCLUSIONS:Calculated globulin is an inexpensive and easily available test that assists in the identification of hypogammaglobulinaemia or hypergammaglobulinaemia which may prompt further investigation and reduce diagnostic delays.
journal_name
Ann Clin Biochemjournal_title
Annals of clinical biochemistryauthors
Hoo T,Lim E,John M,D'Orsogna L,McLean-Tooke Adoi
10.1177/0004563221989737subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2021-01-11 00:00:00pages
4563221989737eissn
0004-5632issn
1758-1001pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Whole blood and washed erythrocytes from nutritionally normal and abnormal elderly patients were stored at room temperature, 4 degrees C and -20 degrees C for up to 14 days. In both groups, and under all storage conditions, the erythrocyte transketolase (ETK) activity and the thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) effect decrea...
journal_title:Annals of clinical biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/000456328502200417
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present two cases of spuriously high cerebrospinal fluid glucose concentration with approximately normal blood glucose concentrations. The cause of these abnormal findings was the use of inappropriate collection tubes during the pre-analytical phase. Whilst no patient harm was identified following this error, signi...
journal_title:Annals of clinical biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0004563214547284
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abstract::Using a high-performance liquid chromatography method, we measured seven commonly prescribed benzodiazepines (chlordiazepoxide, nitrazepam, nordiazepam, oxazepam, lorazepam, temazepam and diazepam) in 100 urine samples obtained from patients attending the Leeds Addiction Unit. All of the urines selected for investigat...
journal_title:Annals of clinical biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/000456329703400110
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abstract:BACKGROUND:Combined lipid and glucose point-of-care testing (POCT) devices could facilitate widespread population screening for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes as part of the NHS Vascular Risk Assessment and Management Program (NHS Health Checks). An evaluation of the Cholestech LDX and CardioChek PA POCT ana...
journal_title:Annals of clinical biochemistry
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doi:10.1177/0004563213482890
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abstract:BACKGROUND:Inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Omentin is a newly discovered adipokine that possesses an anti-inflammatory function. The aim of this study was to determine the association of serum omentin-1 concentration with the presence and severity of preeclampsia. METHODS:Serum concentrat...
journal_title:Annals of clinical biochemistry
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abstract::The number of known inherited metabolic disorders resulting in an organic aciduria has increased steadily over the past two decades. Prompt and reliable detection is both clinically and technically demanding but is essential if appropriate treatment is to be undertaken. This is the first study of laboratory performanc...
journal_title:Annals of clinical biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/000456329403100203
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A real time data processing system for a group of three clinical chemistry laboratories (one base and two satellite) has been developed as a successor to one used previously. This paper describes both the inadequacies of the previous worksheet-based system and the advantages of the new system, including flexibility, f...
journal_title:Annals of clinical biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/000456327901600105
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adverse reactions to foods may arise by a variety of mechanisms, both immune (IgE and non-IgE) and non-immune mediated. This article considers those assays useful in the diagnosis of Type 1 hypersensitivity to foods (IgE-based) and, importantly, discusses those assays where evidence is lacking for their use. In all ca...
journal_title:Annals of clinical biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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abstract:BACKGROUND:Extraction followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis is the method of choice when it comes to the accurate quantification of 25-OH-vitamin D in blood samples. It is generally assumed that the addition of exogenous internal standard allows for the determination of the endo...
journal_title:Annals of clinical biochemistry
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abstract::Background Detection of alcohol consumption in clients undergoing treatment for alcohol dependence can be difficult. The ethanol metabolites ethyl glucuronide and ethyl sulphate are detectable for longer in urine than either breath ethanol or urine ethanol. Our aim was to develop a liquid chromatography-tandem mass sp...
journal_title:Annals of clinical biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract:BACKGROUNDS:Diabetic patients with end-stage renal disease who are not on haemodialysis show low concentrations of HbA1c and glycated albumin due to renal anaemia and proteinuria, respectively. In the present study, we examined whether serum albumin-adjusted glycated albumin could accurately reflect glycaemic control i...
journal_title:Annals of clinical biochemistry
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abstract::A high-pressure liquid chromatography procedure for the measurement of free catecholamines in urine is described. 'On-line' sample preparation using a cartesian robot combined with the ASTED process ensures minimal operator intervention and reduced costs. ...
journal_title:Annals of clinical biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/000456328902600412
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method is described for the assessment of the fraction of microcytes from the red blood cell (RBC) size distribution histogram. For quantification of the fraction of microcytes an upper threshold corresponding with a RBC volume of 70 fL is established. The reference interval for the fraction of microcytes covers a r...
journal_title:Annals of clinical biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/000456328802500615
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background Measurement of serum dexamethasone during the overnight dexamethasone-suppression test has been recommended to reduce false-positive results when investigating Cushing's syndrome or increasingly commonly found adrenal incidentalomas. Despite this, there remains a paucity of well-validated dexamethasone meth...
journal_title:Annals of clinical biochemistry
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doi:10.1177/0004563218766566
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:We assessed erythrocyte sedimentation rate and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein concentration in knee osteoarthritis and non-knee osteoarthritis. In addition, we investigated potential relationship between the levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein with clinical find...
journal_title:Annals of clinical biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0004563215610142
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is an increasing need for sensitive and specific methods for toxicological screening. Development of a dual-column gas chromatography system for the screening of drugs and metabolites in the plasma of poisoned patients is described. The system has been evaluated using plasma from a well-documented series of pati...
journal_title:Annals of clinical biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/000456328402100203
更新日期:1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated a new immunoselective enzyme assay of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The monoclonal antibody used in this assay was raised against purified bone-specific ALP obtained from SAOS-2 human osteosarcoma cell line. Calibration was based on the enzyme's own activity. The relative activity of the antib...
journal_title:Annals of clinical biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/000456329603300205
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Further data suggesting that assessment of atypicality may be a valuable addition to Down's syndrome screening is presented, based on results from 1521 unaffected pregnancies and 190 chromosomally abnormal pregnancies. For a 1% increase in false positive rates (over the Down's screening-related false positives), it is...
journal_title:Annals of clinical biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/000456329703400314
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite sonographic detection of foetal goitre, uncertainty persists in the initial diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis and hypothyroidism. The aim of this study was to establish foetal and neonatal iodothyronine and thyrotrophin reference values for the ACS-180SE analyser. From 22 to 36 weeks of gestation, median foetal seru...
journal_title:Annals of clinical biochemistry
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abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent NICE Guidelines have emphasized the need to have in place by 2007 the capability of offering screening to all women in the first trimester using a combination of maternal age with the ultrasound marker nuchal translucency thickness (NT) and the maternal serum biochemical markers free beta-hCG and preg...
journal_title:Annals of clinical biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1258/0004563053026880
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Poser criteria for diagnosing multiple sclerosis (MS) includes clinical, paraclinical and laboratory information. We studied the influence of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biochemistry results on the categorisation of patients with suspected MS. A retrospective study was made of 138 patients who had CSF samples sent o...
journal_title:Annals of clinical biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/000456329002700303
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journal_title:Annals of clinical biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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abstract::Iron status is influenced by inflammation when the normal control of iron metabolism is reorganized by the primary mediators of the acute phase response, tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1. The objective of this review is to show how indices of iron status, particularly haemoglobin, serum ferritin and solu...
journal_title:Annals of clinical biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ethylene glycol in plasma, urine or dialysis fluid is analysed as the phenylboronate derivative by mixing with acetonitrile/acidified 2,2-dimethoxypropane containing phenylboronic acid. After centrifugation, a portion of the supernatant is analysed directly by gas-liquid chromatography using a 3% OV-101 column at 150 ...
journal_title:Annals of clinical biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/000456328702400113
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Interpretative commenting constitutes an important aspect of the post-analytical phase in chemical pathology, but has only recently been the subject of quality assessment. The Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia (RCPA)-Australasian Association of Clinical Biochemists (AACB) Chemical Pathology Patien...
journal_title:Annals of clinical biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The analysis of serum albumin by bromocresol purple (BCP), by bromocresol green (BCG), and by electroimmunoassay (EIA) has been compared in a mixed group of 100 hospital patients. Good agreement between the immunochemical and BCP methods, but a positive bias with the BCG method led to routine use of the BCP method. In...
journal_title:Annals of clinical biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/000456328502200314
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The deproteinised sample (150 microliters) is 'injected' into a continuously flowing stream of deionised water which is pumped, via a capillary tube, to the nebuliser of an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Analytical readout is obtained, in the form of transient peaks, 6 s after sample injection. Before injection ...
journal_title:Annals of clinical biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/000456328302000202
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four hundred and fifty-four subjects with hyperamylasaemia were screened for the presence of macroamylase using polyethylene glycol precipitation (PEG) and the Beckman automated amylase assay based on the hydrolysis of maltotetraose. Twenty-five subjects (5.5%) exhibited PEG precipitation values suggestive of macroamy...
journal_title:Annals of clinical biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1258/0004563011900263
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Refeeding syndrome (RS) is a potentially fatal condition that can occur following the re-introduction of nutrition after a period of starvation. Hypophosphataemia following the reintroduction of nutrition is often the only reliable biochemical marker of RS. Refeeding index (RI) generated from baseline insuli...
journal_title:Annals of clinical biochemistry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0004563214523739
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have made an evaluation of glycosylated haemoglobin measurements by affinity chromatography in a paediatric population. Age-related reference values for non-diabetic infants and children are reported. A poor correlation (r = 0.24) was found between glycosylated haemoglobin values in 26 insulin-dependent diabetic ch...
journal_title:Annals of clinical biochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/000456328602300407
更新日期:1986-07-01 00:00:00