Abstract：
:MRI is a robust technology that allows for superior contrast of muscles, tissues, and bones within the body, which enables visualization of soft tissue pathology that cannot be seen with CT or plain film radiography. In order to appreciate the subtle (and sometimes not so subtle) intricacies of MRI, one must have a basic knowledge of the MRI physics involved to acquire an image, which leads to better recognition and a clearer understanding of some of the more important artifacts seen with MRI, including incomplete fat suppression, chemical shift, magnetic susceptibility, magic angle, partial volume, wraparound, and motion artifact. There are, however, many complexities and pitfalls in imaging the rheumatoid wrist. Normal anatomy such as capsular insertion sites and nutrient vessels can mimic erosion sites. The magic angle phenomenon can mimic tendon tears. Alignment abnormalities can be simulated based on wrist positioning. By having a solid understanding of the physics of magnetic resonance, anatomy, and the disease processes involved, many of these pitfalls can be avoided.
journal_name
Ann N Y Acad Scijournal_title
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciencesauthors
Khanna S,Crues JV 3rddoi
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04393.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-02-01 00:00:00pages
239-58eissn
0077-8923issn
1749-6632pii
NYAS04393journal_volume
1154pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Different estrogen-3-sulfates (estrone-3-sulfate, estradiol-3-sulfate, and estriol-3-sulfate) can provoke important biologic responses in different mammary cancer cell lines; there is a significant increase in progesterone receptor. However, no significant effect was observed with estrogen-17-sulfates. The reason for ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb34286.x
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have studied the developmental patterns of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) binding sites in the human hypothalamus. VIP recognition sites were widely distributed throughout the rostrocaudal extent of the hypothalamus. VIP binding was generally low in the fetal and neonatal periods and a tendency in increasi...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1317.062
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease characterized by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells. Genetic and environmental factors contribute in this disease. There is evidence that MHC class I chain-related gene (MIC-A) plays a role in the susceptibility to this and other autoimmune diseases...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb02993.x
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Na,K-ATPase is composed of two subunits, alpha and beta, and each subunit consists of multiple isoforms. In the case of alpha, four isoforms, alpha1, alpha2, alpha3, and alpha4 are present in mammalian cells. The distribution of these isoforms is tissue- and developmental-specific, suggesting that they may play sp...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07214.x
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present epidemiological data support and extend previous evidence in men and animals. Thus, a poor plasma status of vitamin C (less than 23 microM = 0.4 mg/dl) and/or of cholesterol-standardized vitamin E (less than 20-21.5 microM = 9 mg/l) occurs in westernized countries with an increased risk of IHD. A poor stat...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1987.tb23755.x
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. One can accurately predict the contribution of each inhibitor to the total inactivation of an enzyme in plasma once its pseudo-first-order reaction rate constant and concentration are known. 2. Because the mechanism of augmentation of the inactivation rate of an enzyme by ATIII occurs via formation of an ATIII-hepa...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1989.tb22493.x
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thymic pathology occurs in 80-90% of myasthenia gravis patients. Significant associations between different thymic alterations and clinical findings are discussed. To highlight peculiarities in thymoma-associated myasthenia gravis, we briefly review myasthenia gravis associated with thymic lymphofollicular hyperplasia...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1254.025
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Invasive plants cause substantial economic and environmental damage throughout the world. However, eradication of most invasive species is impossible and, in some cases, undesirable. An alternative is to slow the spread of an invasive species, which can delay impacts or reduce their extent. We identify three main area...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06313.x
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The primate orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is often treated as a single entity, but architectonic and connectional neuroanatomy indicate that it has distinguishable parts. Nevertheless, few studies have attempted to dissociate the functions of its subregions. Here we review findings from recent neuropsychological and neur...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06267.x
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Granulocytic anaplasmosis is a tick-borne, zoonotic disease caused by an obligate intracellular granulocytotropic bacterium, Anaplasma phagocytophilum. A. phagocytophilum and other Anaplasma and Ehrlichia spp. have been variably implicated with an associated hematologic alteration, platelet dysfunction, that can resul...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1355.074
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The following on proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and chemoprevention in relation to Barrett's esophagus includes commentaries on 48-h pH monitoring, pH-impedence, bile acid testing, dyspepsia, long/short segment Barrett's esophagus, nonerosive reflux disease (NERD), functional heartburn, dual-release delivery PPIs, imme...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06048.x
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Francisella tularensis is one of the most pathogenic pathogens known, especially when disseminated as a small particle aerosol. Because of this, it was developed into a biological warfare agent by several states during the 20th century. Nowadays, concerns remain about the potential of this pathogen to cause widespread...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1409.012
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since the first demonstrations that mindfulness-based therapies could have a positive influence on chronic pain patients, numerous studies have been conducted with healthy individuals in an attempt to understand meditative analgesia. This review focuses explicitly on experimental pain studies of meditation and attempt...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/nyas.12282
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is one of the most common chronic diseases. It is an autoimmune, polygenic disease, associated with several genes on different chromosomes. The most important gene is human leukocyte antigen (HLA), also known as major histocompatibility complex (MHC), which is located on chro...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb03003.x
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Agonist interactions with release processes do not validate autoreceptor operation. Instead, the data suggests that autoreceptors function as homoreceptors. Declining efficacy of agonist inhibition of transmitter release with increasing stimulation "intensity" is not assignable to competition with endogenous transmitt...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb31980.x
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many features of these gastric vesicles satisfy the requirements for the gastric H+ pump. For example, we have: (a) K+ requirement, (b) KA for K+ of about 30 mM; (c) identical cation sequence for tissue and vesicles, (d) similar anion sequence, (e) localization at the microvillus of the secretory canaliculus, (f) TI+ ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1980.tb47181.x
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory condition associated with HLA B27. But the association is not absolute. Hence association with other HLA class I antigens and class II alleles was studied in a southern Indian population. Sixty-five patients with primary AS were typed serologically for HLA class I ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb03013.x
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Depressive disorders are associated with significant psychosocial impairment and disability. Depression should be thoroughly evaluated, as should current and past suicidality and potential risk factors for suicide. Mortality by suicide characterizes the course of major affective disorders in approximately 15% of those...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb05795.x
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In biochemical and immunocytochemical comparisons of adhering junctions of different epithelia, we have observed differences in molecular composition not only between the intermediate filament-attached desmosomes and the actin filaments-anchoring adherens junctions but also between desmosomes of different tissues and ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb05237.x
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is a nontoxic dietary pigment in tumeric and curry and a potent inhibitor of the common transcription factor Nuclear Factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) in several cell types. It is well established that some of the catabolic effects of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1329.067
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this chapter, we have presented evidence for several potential levels of interaction of NT/N gene products with dopaminergic systems of the brain. We have focused on one manifestation of this interaction related to the effects of antipsychotic drugs on expression of the NT/N gene in two anatomically discrete popula...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb27339.x
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The concentration of materials and energy within cities is an inevitable consequence of dense populations and their per capita requirements for food, fiber, and fuel. As the world population becomes increasingly urban over the coming decades, urban areas will dramatically affect the distribution of nutrients across th...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1439.014
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Metacommunity ecology combines local (e.g., environmental filtering and biotic interactions) and regional (e.g., dispersal and heterogeneity) processes to understand patterns of species abundance, occurrence, composition, and diversity across scales of space and time. As such, it has a great potential to generalize an...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/nyas.14378
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Approximate entropy (ApEn) is a recently formulated family of parameters and statistics quantifying regularity (orderliness) in serial data, with developments within theoretical mathematics as well as numerous applications to multiple biological contexts. We discuss the motivation for ApEn development, from the study ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb02755.x
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To test whether the development of emotional resilience is a function of sensitive caregiving and child negative affect, we tested the joint contributions of 7-month maternal sensitivity and infant negative affect to the prediction of 33-month emotional resilience across the first 3 years of life. The aims of this stu...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1376.033
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A sensitive, accurate, and simple method, called shifted termination assay (STA), was developed for detection of genetic mutations. The STA technology can be used to detect genetic mutations in polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified samples of tissue, and plasma and serum that include circulating DNA containing poi...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1318.040
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A type of unit discharge, termed "luxotonic," has been found in the striate cortex of unanesthetized squirrel monkeys and macaques.6, 21 The firing frequency of these units shows relatively little adaptation, continues indefinitely (hours), and reflects the level of diffuse illumination of the eye. The more numerous "...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1977.tb39723.x
更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Balb/c mice were infected with Coxiella burnetii and samples of blood and major organs from the infected mice were collected on days 1 to 14 after infection. The DNAs extracted from the samples were detected by a developed real-time quantitative PCR specific for C. burnetii and high loads of C. burnetii were found...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1355.027
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calcium signaling plays a key role in bone turnover, regulating both osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Despite this the role of calmodulin, the primary intracellular calcium receptor regulatory protein, has received little attention. In this brief review, the function of Ca(2+)/calmodulin signaling in osteoclast developmen...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05242.x
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In preindustrial settings, biological, economic, and social mechanisms caused fertility to respond to feedback signals from population size variation in such a way as to steer populations toward equilibrium levels. It is unlikely that the relevant signal was population density; more plausibly the signal was economic w...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb30425.x
更新日期：1994-02-18 00:00:00
