[Results of the neonatal screening on Western Andalusia after a decade of experience.]

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE:The main justification of this study was to describe our experience in neonatal screening and to define the prevalence of the diseases included in the neonatal screening program in Andalusia, among which are congenital hypothyroidism, expanded screening (aminoacidopathies, mitochondrial beta-oxidation defects and organic acidurias), cystic fibrosis, and screening for sickle cell anemia. METHODS:The study was carried out in the Metabolopathies Unit of the Virgen del Rocío Hospital in Seville with samples of newborns from Western Andalusia (Cádiz, Córdoba, Huelva and Seville) and autonomous city of Ceuta. A total of 435,141 newborns were studied (from the period from April 1st 2009 to December 31st 2019) to rule out congenital hypothyroidism and expanded screening; 378,306 for cystic fibrosis from May 1st 2011 to the same date described above. Finally, sickle cell anemia screening was included, which comprised a total of 55,576 newborns from November 26th, 2018 to the same period as the previous ones. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS software (version 22, SPSS INC., USA). RESULTS:The study revealed a prevalence of 1:1565 newborns for congenital hypothyroidism, 1:1532 newborns for extended screening, 1:6.878 newborns for cystic fibrosis, and a 1:11.115 newborns for sickle cell disease. CONCLUSIONS:The neonatal screening program allows a large number of newborns to benefit from the early detection of certain serious congenital diseases. This aim improves the morbidity and mortality of those who suffer from them. OBJETIVO:La principal justificación del trabajo fue describir nuestra experiencia en cribado neonatal y definir la prevalencia de cada una de las enfermedades incluidas en el programa de cribado neonatal de Andalucía, entre las que se encuentran el hipotiroidismo congénito, cribado ampliado expandido (aminoacidopatías, defectos de la beta-oxidación mitocondrial y acidurias orgánicas), fibrosis quística y enfermedad de células falciformes. METODOS:El estudio se realizó en la Unidad del Laboratorio de Metabolopatías del Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío de Sevilla con muestras de recién nacidos de Andalucía Occidental (Cádiz, Córdoba, Huelva y Sevilla) y la ciudad autónoma de Ceuta. Para descartar hipotiroidismo congénito y cribado ampliado expandido se estudiaron un total de 435.141 recién nacidos, con fecha de inicio el 1 de abril de 2009. El cribado de fibrosis quística comenzó el 1 de mayo de 2011, siendo estudiados un total de 378.306 recién nacidos. Por último, el 26 de noviembre de 2018 se incorporó el cribado de anemia de células falciformes, que comprendió un total de 55.576 recién nacidos. La fecha fin de estudio fue el 31 de diciembre de 2019 para todas las patologías descritas anteriormente. El análisis estadístico se realizó usando el software IBM SPSS (versión 22, SPSS INC., EEUU). RESULTADOS:El estudio reveló una prevalencia de 1:1.565 recién nacidos para hipotiroidismo congénito, 1:1.532 para cribado ampliado expandido, 1:6.878 para fibrosis quística y 1:11.115 recién nacidos para enfermedad de células falciformes. CONCLUSIONES:El programa de cribado neonatal permite que se beneficien gran número de recién nacidos en la detección precoz de determinadas enfermedades congénitas graves y, con ello, mejora la morbimortalidad de aquellos que las padecen.

journal_name

Rev Esp Salud Publica

authors

Delgado-Pecellín C,Álvarez Ríos I,Bueno Delgado MDA,Jiménez Jambrina MM,Quintana Gallego ME,Ruiz Salas P,Marcos Luque I,Melguizo Madrid E

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-12-16 00:00:00

eissn

1135-5727

issn

2173-9110

journal_volume

94

pub_type

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