Abstract：
:This study was conducted to find an appropriate approach for the assessment of bioavailability of DDTs in soil to both earthworm and vegetables. Four chemical approaches--Soxhlet extraction with n-hexane, n-butanol agitation extraction, water agitation extraction, and matrix solid-phase microextraction (matrix-SPME)--were used to assess the relationships between the extractability of 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethylene (p,p'-DDE), 1,1,1-trichloro-2-(p-chlorophenyl)-2-(o-chlorophenyl) ethane (o,p'-DDT), 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethane (p,p'-DDD), and 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethane (p,p'-DDT) in soil and their amounts uptaken by the earthworm (Eisenia foetida), Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L. spp.), and cole (Brassica napus L.). These results indicated that the extractability and bioavailability of DDTs in soil decreased with time of aging. Correlation analysis showed that n-butanol extraction or 12-h matrix-SPME could be used to assess the bioavailability of DDTs to the earthworm, and Soxhlet extraction, n-butanol extraction, or 12-h matrix-SPME could be used to predict the bioavailability of DDTs to both Chinese cabbage and cole. As a solventless, time-efficient, and negligible-depletion technique, it could be concluded that matrix-SPME is a better approach to predict the bioavailability of DDTs to both the earthworm and vegetables, compared with Soxhlet extraction, n-butanol extraction, and water extraction.
journal_name
Arch Environ Contam Toxicoljournal_title
Archives of environmental contamination and toxicologyauthors
Fang H,Chu X,Wang X,Pang G,Yu Ydoi
10.1007/s00244-009-9329-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-01-01 00:00:00pages
62-70issue
1eissn
0090-4341issn
1432-0703journal_volume
58pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:An enzyme which catalyzed the hydrolysis of crotoxyphos ((E)-1-phenylethyl 3-[(dimethoxyphosphinyl)oxy]-2-butenoate) was isolated from nonsterile and radiation-sterilized Chehalis clay loam with 1.5M Tris (2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol) and partially purified with lead acetate treatment. Two soil-g equival...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi：10.1007/BF01054868
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-017-0409-6
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00203907
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is a widespread contaminate of soils and ground water throughout North America. Earlier studies have indicated that microbial biodegradation leads to the formation of intermediate metabolites which are more toxic than the parent compound. Microbial degradation is by three general pathways: dech...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi：10.1007/BF00203555
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abstract：:The high use of pesticides in intensive rice farming in the Mekong Delta constitutes a potential hazard to the environment and to people's health. Chlorpyrifos ethyl (CPF) is a commonly used organophosphate (OP) insecticide, but information about its potential negative impacts on the aquatic environment in the Mekong ...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi：10.1007/s00244-015-0182-3
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doi：10.1007/s00244-018-0574-2
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi：10.1007/s00244-014-0045-3
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic arsenic intoxication is known to cause multisystem impairment and is still a major threat to public health in many countries. In Toroku, a small village in Japan, arsenic mines operated from 1920 to 1962, and residents suffered serious sequelae of arsenic intoxication. We have performed annual medical examinat...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi：10.1007/s002440010122
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-007-9039-8
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study investigated the contribution of two biomarkers, bile polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) metabolites and 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), activity in the assessment of PAH contaminated sites. European eels (Anguilla anguilla) were caged in a freshwater stream upstream and downstream from local indu...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-005-0064-1
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
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doi：10.1007/s00244-014-0085-8
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi：10.1007/s00244-006-0081-8
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-004-0204-z
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite safety protocols, crude oil extraction and transportation in the Amazon basin has a potential for inadvertent oil spills, which can impact aquatic organisms in local rivers. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of crude oil on juvenile Amazonian fish tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum, at various ...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Six prairie grain farmers were monitored for pesticide exposure and related adverse effects while they mixed and/or sprayed carbofuran (Furadan 480F) with ground rig application equipment to control grasshoppers in southern Alberta, Canada. Dermal exposure was estimated with Tegaderm patches placed at seventeen locati...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi：10.1007/BF01056087
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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abstract：:Lead (Pb) and other metals can accumulate in northern hog sucker (Hypentelium nigricans) and other suckers (Catostomidae), which are harvested in large numbers from Ozark streams by recreational fishers. Suckers are also important in the diets of piscivorous wildlife and fishes. Suckers from streams contaminated by hi...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Organic contaminants and toxic heavy metals often coexist in contaminated soils. However, little information concerning the interactive effects of organic contaminants and heavy metals on their sorption behaviors on soils is available. In this study, the competitive sorption effects of 1,4-dichlorobenzene (1,4-DCB) an...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-009-9339-2
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The sorption of volatile organic analytes from water samples by the Teflon septum surface used with standard glass 40-ml sample collection vials was investigated. Analytes tested included alkanes, isoalkanes, olefins, cycloalkanes, a cycloalkene, monoaromatics, a polynuclear aromatic, and two chloroethenes. Both labor...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002449900467
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of mercury as Hg2Cl2 and HgCl2 on the antioxidant enzyme levels and its toxicity was investigated in an insect model comprised of adult females of the common housefly, Musca domestica, and fourth-instar larvae of the cabbage looper moth, Trichoplusia ni. HgCl2 was found to be more toxic than Hg2Cl2 to both ...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00212802
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
