Abstract:
:Why and how HIV makes people sick is highly debated. Recent evidence implicates heightened immune activation due to breakdown of the gastrointestinal barrier as a determining factor of lentiviral pathogenesis. HIV-mediated loss of Th17 cells from the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) impairs mucosal integrity and innate defense mechanisms against gut microbes. Translocation of microbial products from the gut, in turn, correlates with increased immune activation in chronic HIV infection and may further damage the immune system by increasing viral and activation-induced T cell death, by reducing T cell reconstitution due to tissue scarring, and by impairing the function of other cell types, such as gammadelta T cells and epithelial cells. Maintaining a healthy GALT may be the key to reducing the pathogenic potential of HIV.
journal_name
Semin Immunopatholjournal_title
Seminars in immunopathologyauthors
Hofer U,Speck RFdoi
10.1007/s00281-009-0158-3subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-07-01 00:00:00pages
257-66issue
2eissn
1863-2297issn
1863-2300journal_volume
31pub_type
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