Abstract:
:The only human cathelicidin, the 37-residue peptide LL-37, exhibits antimicrobial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. We studied the ability of several fragments of LL-37, exhibiting different antimicrobial activities, to interact with membranes whose compositions mimic the cytoplasmic membranes of gram-positive or of gram-negative bacteria. These fragments are as follows: KR-12, the smallest active segment of LL-37, with the sequence KRIVQRIKDFLR, which exhibits antimicrobial activity only against gram-negative bacteria; a slightly smaller peptide, RI-10, missing the two cationic residues at the N and C termini of KR-12, which has been shown not to have any antimicrobial activity; a longer peptide, GF-17, which shows antimicrobial activity against gram-positive as well as gram-negative bacteria; and GF-17D3, with 3 D-amino-acid residues, which is also selective only for gram-negative bacteria. Those fragments with the capacity to cluster anionic lipids away from zwitterionic lipids in a membrane exhibit selective toxicity toward bacteria containing zwitterionic as well as anionic lipids in their cytoplasmic membranes but not toward bacteria with only anionic lipids. This finding allows for the prediction of the bacterial-species selectivity of certain agents and paves the way for designing new antimicrobials targeted specifically toward gram-negative bacteria.
journal_name
Antimicrob Agents Chemotherjournal_title
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapyauthors
Epand RF,Wang G,Berno B,Epand RMdoi
10.1128/AAC.00321-09subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-09-01 00:00:00pages
3705-14issue
9eissn
0066-4804issn
1098-6596pii
AAC.00321-09journal_volume
53pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Group B beta-hemolytic streptococci (GB-BHS) frequently cause severe infection in newborns. Previous in vitro studies showed accelerated killing of GB-BHS by ampicillin plus gentamicin as compared with ampicillin alone. To extend the in vitro observations, mice were infected experimentally with GB-BHS and treated with...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.11.5.817
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doi:10.1128/aac.36.5.962
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Disk diffusion antibiotic susceptibility tests as performed by the hospital diagnostic microbiology laboratory were read at 4, 8, and 12 h of incubation and compared to the traditional 18-h readings. Both the zone size in millimeters and a judgement of susceptible or resistant were recorded by the investigator at each...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.8.2.139
更新日期:1975-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01288-13
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gentamicin is a commonly used antibiotic for the treatment of gram-negative-bacterial infections. Bacterial endotoxin is liberated during antibiotic therapy, and we have shown that endotoxemic animals accumulate more aminoglycosides in their renal parenchyma than normal animals. Vasoactive mediators, such as prostagla...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.33.8.1342
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::When developing novel microbicide products for the prevention of HIV infection, the preclinical safety program must evaluate not only the active pharmaceutical ingredient but also the product itself. To that end, we applied several relatively standard toxicology study methodologies to female sheep, incorporating an as...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.04954-14
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The recent reports of resistance in Plasmodium falciparum to artemisinin derivatives and their partner drugs demand intensive studies toward understanding the molecular mechanisms of resistance. In this study, we examined the in vitro susceptibility of 63 P. falciparum field isolates collected from the China-Myanmar b...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02306-12
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lysostaphin is an endopeptidase that kills Staphylococcus aureus, a predominant organism in catheter-related infections. Lysostaphin-coated catheters prevented catheter colonization by several strains of S. aureus, and activity was maintained for at least 4 days. Prophylactic use of lysostaphin in catheters may help p...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.48.7.2704-2707.2004
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rezafungin is a new long-acting echinocandin currently in phase 3 development. Epidemiological cutoff values are necessary for breakpoint setting but have not been established due to unexplained interlaboratory MIC variations observed in a prior multicenter study. Here we investigated if the choice of microtiter plate...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00659-19
更新日期:2019-08-23 00:00:00
abstract::The ponA gene of Mycobacterium smegmatis encodes a 95-kDa penicillin binding protein, PBP1, that is similar to PBP1s of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium leprae. Transposon disruption of ponA in M. smegmatis resulted in a PBP1-deficient mutant that was sensitive to beta-lactam antibiotics, was more permeabl...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.43.12.3011
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Few studies have estimated the excess inpatient costs due to nosocomial cultures of Gram-negative bacteria (GNB), and those that do are often subject to time-dependent bias. Our objective was to generate estimates of the attributable costs of the underlying infections associated with nosocomial cultures by using a uni...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00462-18
更新日期:2018-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::As a relationship between nelfinavir antiretroviral efficacy and plasma concentrations has been previously established, nelfinavir pharmacokinetics was investigated in order to optimize the individual treatment schedule in a pediatric population. A population pharmacokinetic model was developed to describe the concent...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.50.3.910-916.2006
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::There has been a resurgence of interest in aerosolization of antibiotics for treatment of patients with severe pneumonia caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens. A combination formulation of amikacin-fosfomycin is currently undergoing clinical testing although the exposure-response relationships of these drugs have no...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01763-16
更新日期:2016-12-27 00:00:00
abstract::The goal of the present study was to examine the ability of cytochrome P450-2C9 (CYP2C9) to activate cyclophosphamide (CPA) and elicit tumor cell death. A CYP2C9-deficient human lymphoblastoid cell line (AHH-1 cells) and a derivative cell line (H2C9 cells) stably transfected with a cDNA encoding CYP2C9 were used. The ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.44.10.2659-2663.2000
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acquiring iron (Fe) is critical to the metabolism and growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Disruption of Fe metabolism is a potential approach for novel antituberculous therapy. Gallium (Ga) has many similarities to Fe. Biological systems are often unable to distinguish Ga(3+) from Fe(3+). Unlike Fe(3+), Ga(3+) canno...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01543-13
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01077-10
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficacy and safety of a novel once-daily extended-release ciprofloxacin (ciprofloxacin ER) 500-mg dose were compared with those of an immediate-release ciprofloxacin (ciprofloxacin IR) 250-mg twice-daily dose, each administered orally for 3 days in the treatment of acute uncomplicated urinary tract infection (uUT...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1128/AAC.49.10.4137-4143.2005
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tuberculosis (TB) treatment is long and requires multiple drugs, likely due to various phenotypes of TB bacilli with variable drug susceptibilities. Drugs with broad activity are urgently needed. This study aimed to evaluate delamanid's activity against growing or dormant bacilli in vitro as well as in vivo Cultures o...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02402-16
更新日期:2017-05-24 00:00:00
abstract::The antibiotic susceptibilities of 43 strains of Escherichia coli O157:H7 identified in the summer of 1996 in Japan were investigated. Growth of 90% of O157 strains was inhibited at a concentration of < or = 0.5 micro/ml by several agents including fosfomycin with glucose-6-phosphate. ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present a 31-year-old female who had undergone an allogeneic bone marrow transplantation and who was started on intravenous posaconazole for pulmonary mycosis while undergoing continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH). We performed steady-state pharmacokinetic evaluations for both posaconazole and sulfobutylether...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-newborn rhesus macaque model of AIDS can be used to study directly the virulence of viral mutants which are resistant to antiviral drugs. A viral mutant called SIVmac79A6.1, isolated from an SIV-infected macaque after prolonged zidovudine treatment, was found to have a double-ba...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.41.2.278
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polymyxins are increasingly used as a last-resort class of antibiotics against extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Gram-negative bacteria. However, resistance to polymyxins can emerge with monotherapy. As nephrotoxicity is the major dose-limiting factor for polymyxin monotherapy, dose escalation to suppress the emergence...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00028-18
更新日期:2018-05-25 00:00:00
abstract::The accumulation of OPC-17116 by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes was studied by comparison with three other new quinolones, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, and DR-3354. The intracellular/extracellular concentration ratio was the highest for OPC-17116, being 66.2, followed by 9.8 for levofloxacin, 7.6 for ofloxacin, and 5....
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.37.9.1877
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Beta-l-2',3'-didehydro-2',3'-dideoxy-N(4)-hydroxycytidine (l-Hyd4C) was demonstrated to be an effective and highly selective inhibitor of hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication in HepG2.2.15 cells (50% effective dose [ED(50)] = 0.03 microM; 50% cytotoxic dose [CD(50)] = 2,500 microM). In the present study, we investigate...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01176-09
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The interrelationships between the pharmacokinetics of zidovudine alone and of zidovudine plus clarithromycin were evaluated with 18 volunteers with AIDS who had no infection with Mycobacterium avium complex or clinical evidence of gastroenteritis. Patients received 200 mg of zidovudine orally every 8 h on days 1 to 4...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
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更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genes belonging to different erm DNA hybridization classes were selectively amplified by polymerase chain reaction with a pair of oligonucleotides that corresponded to conserved amino acid motifs in known ERM methylases. Identification of the resistance mechanism was possible despite substantial nucleotide sequence di...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.34.10.2024
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A strain of Escherichia coli containing TEM-1 and CTX-M-1 was tested in an in vitro pharmacokinetic model against ceftazidime with and without AM-112, a serine beta-lactamase inhibitor. Ceftazidime alone was less effective than ceftazidime plus AM-112, and a single dose was more effective than three fractionated doses...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.48.11.4482-4484.2004
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fungus Saprochaete capitata causes opportunistic human infections, mainly in immunocompromised patients with hematological malignancies. The best therapy for this severe infection is still unknown. We evaluated the in vitro killing activity and the in vivo efficacy of posaconazole at 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg twice a day...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01140-15
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Macrolide antibiotics are used as anti-inflammatory agents, e.g., for prevention of exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cystic fibrosis. Several studies have shown improved outcomes after the addition of macrolides to β-lactam antibiotics for treatment of severe community-acquired pneumonia. How...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02761-16
更新日期:2017-08-24 00:00:00