Abstract:
:According to the "nocturnal visual predation hypothesis" (NVPH), the convergent eyes and orbits of primates result from selection for improved stereoscopic depth perception to facilitate manual capture of prey at night. Within primates, haplorhines share additional derived orbital morphologies, including a postorbital septum and greater orbital convergence than any other mammalian clade. While the homology and function of the haplorhine septum remain controversial, experimental data suggest that septa evolved to inhibit mechanical disturbance of the orbital contents by the anterior temporalis muscle during mastication. According to this "insulation hypothesis," haplorhines are particularly susceptible to disruption of the orbital contents because they have large and highly convergent eyes and orbits. However, comparative tests of the insulation hypothesis have been hindered by the morphological uniqueness of the haplorhine septum among mammals. Among birds, owls (Strigiformes) exhibit an expanded postorbital process that may be functionally analogous to the haplorhine septum. Here we present a comparative analysis of orbital morphology in 103 avian species that tests two hypotheses: (1) large, convergent orbits are associated with nocturnal visual predation, and (2) the strigiform postorbital process and haplorhine postorbital septum similarly function to insulate the eyes from contractions of mandibular adductors. Strigiforms, as nocturnal visual predators, possess relatively large orbits and exhibit the highest degree of orbital convergence in our sample. Notably, orbital convergence does not scale with orbit size in birds as in mammals. Owls are also unique among the birds examined in possessing extensive, plate-like postorbital processes that largely isolate the orbits from the temporal fossae. Furthermore, dissections of four owl species demonstrate that the expanded strigiform postorbital process deflects the path of mandibular adductors around the eye's inferolateral margin. These findings provide further comparative support for both the NVPH and the insulation hypothesis.
journal_name
J Hum Evoljournal_title
Journal of human evolutionauthors
Menegaz RA,Kirk ECdoi
10.1016/j.jhevol.2009.04.010subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-12-01 00:00:00pages
672-87issue
6eissn
0047-2484issn
1095-8606pii
S0047-2484(09)00123-7journal_volume
57pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The archaeological deposits at Mumba rockshelter, northern Tanzania, have been excavated for more than 70 years, starting with Margit and Ludwig Köhl-Larsen in the 1930s. The assemblages of Middle Stone Age (MSA) and Later Stone Age (LSA) artefacts collected from this site constitute the type sequences for these cultu...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Little is known about the biogeographical and evolutionary histories of macaques (Macaca spp.) in East Asia because the phylogenetic positions of fossil species remain unclear. Here we examined the zygomaxillary remains of a fossil macaque (M. cf. robusta) from the Durubong Cave Complex, South Korea, that dates back t...
journal_title:Journal of human evolution
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
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doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2014.06.015
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2005.08.006
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
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更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2016.10.002
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2007.05.015
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2009.02.007
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.06.007
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/jhev.1997.0154
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/jhev.1997.0180
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2021-01-12 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2014.04.004
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2009.09.006
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2007.08.003
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2007.10.010
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2007.01.005
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.02.010
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2007.04.007
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of human evolution
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2018.09.003
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00