Abstract：
STUDY DESIGN:Within-subject, randomised cross-over trial. OBJECTIVES:To determine whether a commercially available 3D head-mounted (HMD) virtual reality (VR) device results in significant reductions in neuropathic pain compared to using a 2D screen device in people with spinal cord injury (SCI). SETTING:Greenwich Hospital, Sydney, Australia. METHODS:Sixteen men with established SCI and chronic neuropathic pain participated in a single-session randomised cross-over trial. We compared the effects of 3D HMD VR and a 2D screen application on SCI neuropathic pain intensity and levels of perceived presence. RESULTS:Participants reported significantly lower pain intensity after 3D HMD VR compared to 2D screen application (1.9 ± SD 1.8 versus 3.4 ± SD 1.6, mean 95% CI: 1.5, P < 0.0001). Participants reported significantly higher perceived levels of presence with the 3D HMD VR compared to 2D screen of (49.6 ± SD 8.9 versus 32.8 ± SD 11.1, mean 95% CI: 16.6, P < 0.0001). Increased perceived presence was associated with significantly lower pain intensity regardless of randomised sequencing of the two conditions (mean 95% CI: 0.06, P = 0.005). Effect size for pain reduction using 3D HMD VR was 0.80. CONCLUSIONS:We suggest that 3D HMD VR may provide neuropathic pain relief for people with SCI. Given the lack of cybersickness and ease of access, we propose that immersive VR could be a helpful adjunct to current pharmacotherapy. Further research is required to show that VR can be effective for more long-term reductions in SCI pain.
journal_name
Spinal Cordjournal_title
Spinal cordauthors
Austin PD,Craig A,Middleton JW,Tran Y,Costa DSJ,Wrigley PJ,Siddall PJdoi
10.1038/s41393-020-00569-2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-10-19 00:00:00eissn
1362-4393issn
1476-5624pii
10.1038/s41393-020-00569-2pub_type
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