Abstract：
:In an effort to evaluate the mechanisms underpinning performance in alpine ski racing, researchers have focused on the predictive validity of measures derived from fitness assessments. However, a limitation of this literature is the absence of practice time, since prolonged training may naturally develop specific fitness capacities, making some tests of physical ability less predictive of performance. We examine the relationship between fitness tests, practice, and performance using linear regressions with fitness test data, practice history data, and performance results from adolescent alpine ski racers attending professional development academies in the United States (N = 82). Only aerobic capacity (i.e. 20 m shuttle run) was significantly associated with more practice time. After controlling for practice hours, 5.5-6.5% of variance in ski performance was significantly explained by assessments of lower body power (i.e. standing long jump, triple jump), anaerobic capacity (i.e. 60 s box jump), and upper body strength/endurance (i.e. push-ups). Findings highlight the important role of anaerobic power on alpine ski racing performance, which may be developed outside of regular practice, possibly through weight training or physical maturation. The small variance explained by physical/physiological measures suggests that superior ski performance is likely a product of various skills and characteristics (e.g. technical, tactical, perceptual-cognitive, psychosocial).
journal_name
J Sports Scijournal_title
Journal of sports sciencesauthors
DeCouto BS,Fawver B,Taylor T,Williams AMdoi
10.1080/02640414.2020.1823088subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-09-20 00:00:00pages
1-8eissn
0264-0414issn
1466-447Xpub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The objective of this study was to investigate the injury incidence and patterns in elite youth football at a category 1 Premier League Academy before and after the introduction of a new development strategy, the Elite Player Performance Plan (EPPP). A prospective study was performed over six consecutive seasons encom...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2018.1443746
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The main purpose of this study was to compare the effects of resistance training (RT) performed with different training volumes on phase angle (PhA), body water components, and muscle quality (MQ) in untrained older adult women. A second purpose was to assess the relationship between PhA and MQ. Sixty-two older adult ...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1080/02640414.2018.1479103
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The main purposes of this study were to investigate the acute effects of static and dynamic lower limb stretching routines: (a) on peak torque, total external work and joint angle at peak torque of the hamstrings during maximal eccentric isokinetic leg flexion; (b) on unilateral hamstring to quadriceps (H/Q) strength ...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1080/02640414.2012.751119
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this paper we examined the influence of opposing players constraining the decision-making of an attacker during shooting performance in futsal. Performance during 10 competitive matches was recorded and examined from the moment a shot was taken until the ball was intercepted or entered the goal in sequences of play...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2012.753155
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Emotions experienced before and during sports competition have been found to influence sports performance. Emotion regulation is defined as the automatic or deliberate use of strategies to initiate, maintain, modify or display emotions (Gross & Thompson, 2007) and is proposed to occur when a discrepancy exists between...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2012.693621
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to compare the maximal exercise performance during cycle ergometry of 34 men and 47 women. External peak power output (OPP) and optimized pedalling rate (ORPM) were calculated from data gathered during an optimization procedure performed on a friction braked cycle ergometer. In addition, ...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640419108729850
更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Comprehension of a narrated diagram entail complex cognitive processing as learner is challenged to extract the orally evoked information. The present experiment examined the effects of 2 different forms of attention guidance - bottom-up and top-down - on comprehension performance, cognitive load investment, and motiv...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2016.1218034
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we investigated whether video modelling can enhance gymnasts' performance of the circle on a pommel horse. The procedure associated expert-modelling with self-modelling and quantitative performance analysis. Sixteen gymnasts were randomly assigned to one of two groups: (1) a modelling group, which recei...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1080/02640410500432243
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed to investigate deprivation and sex differences in selected health-relatedfitness measures in 9-12-year-old children. Data were captured on 3,407 children (49.3% boys; aged 10.5 ± 0.6 years). Cardiorespiratory fitness(20 m multistage shuttle run test; 20 m MSRT), muscular strength (handgrip strength) a...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2019.1681230
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to assess which of the equations that estimate peak power output and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) in the velodrome adapt best to the measurements made by reference systems. Thirty-four endurance cyclists and triathletes performed one incremental test in the laboratory and two tests in the v...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640410701646245
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Propulsive forces are important determinants of swimming performance. The aim of this study was to quantify the measurement error (uncertainty) in propulsive forces calculated from kinematic data. Ten operators digitized underwater video recordings of a breaststroke swimmer's right arm action. Four landmarks on the ha...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640419508732261
更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Coordinative variability (CAV) and underlying coordinative patterns are potential running-related overuse injury (RROI) mechanisms, but prospective analyses are needed. This study compared lower limb CAV and coordinative patterns between prospectively injured and uninjured runners. Knee, shank, and ankle kinematics we...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2020.1804519
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Generally, swimmers pace themselves using their own judgement and the poolside clock during swimming training, fitness testing protocols or scientific investigation. The Aquapacer is a new pacing device that can be used to pace the swimming speed or stroke rate of the swimmer. The aims of this study were to determine ...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/026404102760000044
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to examine shock attenuation before and after completing a maximal effort graded exercise test while running on a treadmill. Ten individuals ran before and after a maximal graded exercise test with running speed controlled between conditions. Transfer functions were calculated using surface-m...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/0264041031000140383
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to investigate further the use of standardization procedures to determine training effects on cardiac dimension and function, two groups of subjects were analysed noninvasively. A control group of sedentary men (n = 7) and an experimental group of weight lifters (n = 12) volunteered for a standard M-mode echo...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640418708729772
更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We aimed to assess the cardiovascular responses and locomotory demands of male referees during diverse elite, international, basketball matches, and to investigate the influence of moderating factors (competition sex, level and stage) on these demands. Cardiovascular and locomotory responses were monitored in 123 elit...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2020.1851902
更新日期：2020-11-25 00:00:00
abstract：:The spirit of sport, which encompasses intrinsic values associated with sport participation, is core to the World Anti-Doping Agency's (WADA) strategy for doping prevention. The contribution of these values to clean sport has yet to be established. In this study, athletes rated the importance of spirit of sport values...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2020.1835221
更新日期：2020-10-22 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of dietary supplements is widespread in sport and most athletes competing at the highest level of competition use some form of dietary supplementation. Many of these supplements confer no performance or health benefit, and some may actually be detrimental to both performance and health when taken in high doses...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/02640410400023258
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In any situation where heat production as a result of physical exercise exceeds heat elimination from the body by radiation and convection, the body will depend on sweat secretion and evaporation for its thermoregulation. Sweat secretion will reach maximal levels at high energy expenditures in the heat but will be lim...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640419108729871
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The inability of the between-bowlers methodology to control parameters external to technique could lead to erroneous significant and non-significant associations being reported between fast-bowling technique and ball release speed. Using Pearson's product - moment correlation, we first examined the effectiveness of a ...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640410601096822
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to analyse the effect of bike type - the 26-inch-wheel bike (26" bike) and the 29-inch-wheel bike (29" bike) - on performance in elite mountain bikers. Ten Swiss National Team athletes (seven males, three females) completed six trials with individual start on a simulated cross-country cou...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2015.1119294
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated whether heart rate (HR)-derived parameters are accurate performance predictors in endurance recreational runners. One hundred thirty recreational athletes completed an incremental running test (4´running + 1´rest). After each stage, we recorded HR, % of maximum HR (%HRmax), and blood lactate. We also a...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2018.1442185
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Children and adolescents mature at different rates such that individuals competing in the same competition may differ in physical and biological maturity despite being of similar chronological age. Whether or not differences translate into on-field performance in competition is relatively unknown. This study investiga...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2013.843016
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to determine the effects of frequency of verbal encouragement during maximal exercise testing. Twenty-eight participants (12 males, 16 females) aged 20.9 +/- 1.5 years (mean +/- s) performed a maximal exercise test (VO2max) on a treadmill without any verbal encouragement. The participants wer...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/026404102753576125
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to assess isokinetic torque, work and power between non-injured, ACL (anterior cruciate ligament)-deficient and ACL-reconstructed individuals. Ten healthy, non-injured individuals, seven unilateral ACL-deficient individuals and six unilateral ACL-reconstructed individuals were assessed for is...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/026404102320219392
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To assess the effect of cold water immersion and active recovery on thermoregulation and repeat cycling performance in the heat, ten well-trained male cyclists completed five trials, each separated by one week. Each trial consisted of a 30-min exercise task, one of five 15-min recoveries (intermittent cold water immer...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1080/02640410701567425
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A maximal multistage 20 m shuttle run test was designed to determine the maximal aerobic power of schoolchildren, healthy adults attending fitness class and athletes performing in sports with frequent stops and starts (e.g. basketball, fencing and so on). Subjects run back and forth on a 20 m course and must touch the...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640418808729800
更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study characterises the relationship between gait variability and speed in runners using data from trunk accelerations in each axis. Twelve participants of varying fitness ran on the treadmill with three sessions of six randomly ordered self-selected speeds. A VO2max test was conducted on the fourth session. Runn...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2016.1262053
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we evaluated the extent to which 2000-m rowing ergometer performance times predicted final rankings at the World Rowing Championships in a sample of 638 rowers of both sexes and body-mass classifications (i.e., open-category and lightweight rowers). Rowing ergometer performance times were examined using...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640410902911950
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The study examined the "micro-structure" of football practice and the "macro-structure" of participation history of female professional football players. Participants were 29 German 1st league (Bundesliga) players, 14 of whom played on the senior national team (Olympic Champion in 2016). A questionnaire recorded the p...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2018.1558744
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
