Abstract：
:Much of medical practice involves the exercise of such basic cognitive tasks as estimating probabilities and synthesizing information. Scientists studying cognitive processes have identified impediments to accurate performance on these tasks. Together the impediments foster "cognitive bias." Five factors that can detract from accurate probability estimation and three that impair accurate information synthesis are discussed. Examples of all eight factors are illustrated by reference to published articles. The authors suggest ways to minimize the negative influences of these factors.
journal_name
J Gen Intern Medjournal_title
Journal of general internal medicineauthors
Dawson NV,Arkes HRdoi
10.1007/BF02596149subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-05-01 00:00:00pages
183-7issue
3eissn
0884-8734issn
1525-1497journal_volume
2pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：BACKGROUND:Patients with limited English proficiency (LEP) may be at risk for medical errors and worse health outcomes. Language concordance between patient and provider has been shown to improve health outcomes for Spanish-speaking patients. Nearly 40 % of Hispanics, a growing population in the United States, are cate...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-015-3309-3
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:We compare preventive services utilization among privately insured African Americans and Hispanics in managed care organizations (MCOs) versus fee-for-service (FFS) plans. We also examine racial/ethnic disparities in the receipt of preventive services among enrollees in FFS or MCO plans. DESIGN:Analysis of t...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1525-1497.2002.10512.x
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The community of health services researchers in general internal medicine has played an important role in affecting health policy at the national and state levels. Community-based participatory research (CBPR) offers health services researchers an opportunity to identify and address health policy questions at the loca...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-011-1878-3
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The transition from pediatric to adult care is a critical period for young adults with childhood-onset conditions. General internists are tasked with participating in the care of this vulnerable population. Existing guidelines regarding transition do not fully address structural or organizational characteris...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1007/s11606-019-05226-w
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:General Internal Medicine research evolves in response to the needs of the patients to whom we provide care. Currently, many studies exclude older adults who deeply affect the clinical care of this population. With the number of older adults increasing, creating research protocols that include older adults with multip...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-013-2719-3
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Lack of regular physical activity is highly prevalent in U.S. adults and significantly increases mortality risk. OBJECTIVE:To examine the clinical impact of a newly implemented program ("Exercise as a Vital Sign" [EVS]) designed to systematically ascertain patient-reported exercise levels at the beginning o...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1007/s11606-013-2693-9
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess factors associated with patient satisfaction with communication of mammography results and their understanding and ability to recall these results. DESIGN:Cross-sectional telephone survey. SETTING:Academic breast imaging center. PATIENTS:Two hundred ninety-eight patients who had either a screenin...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1525-1497.2001.00509.x
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Understanding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers (HCW) is crucial. OBJECTIVE:Utilizing a health system COVID-19 research registry, we assessed HCW risk for COVID-19 infection, hospitalization, and intensive care unit (ICU) admission. DESIGN:Retrospective cohort study with overlap pro...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-020-06171-9
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:One of the major factors influencing length of stay for patients with community-acquired pneumonia is the timing of conversion from intravenous to oral antibiotics. We measured physician attitudes and beliefs about the antibiotic switch decision and assessed physician characteristics associated with practice ...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009599.x
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of a geriatrics-focused acute medicine inpatient rotation and the presence or absence of a geriatrician as attending physician on knowledge about and attitudes toward older patients and the field of geriatrics. DESIGN:Randomized trial. INTERVENTION:A 4-week ...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF02600185
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Early detection of cognitive impairment is a goal of high-quality geriatric medical care, but new approaches are needed to reduce rates of missed cases. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate whether adding routine cognitive screening to primary care visits for older adults increases rates of dementia diagnosis, specialist ...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-007-0202-8
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Many academic hospitals have implemented overnight hospitalists to supervise house staff and improve outcomes, but few studies have described the impact of this role. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of an overnight academic hospitalist program on patient-level outcomes. Secondary objectives were to desc...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-015-3389-0
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Recurrent operational problems in teaching clinics may be caused by the different medical preferences of patients, residents, faculty, and administrators. These preference differences can be identified by cultural consensus analysis (CCA), a standard anthropologic tool. OBJECTIVE:This study tests the export...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1111/j.1525-1497.2006.00313.x
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Determine patient and hospital-level variation in proportions of low-severity admissions. DESIGN:Retrospective cohort study. SETTING:Thirty hospitals in a large metropolitan region. PATIENTS:A total of 43,209 consecutive eligible patients discharged in 1991 through 1993 with congestive heart failure (n = 2...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1046/j.1525-1497.1997.00073.x
更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Obesity and its related co-morbidities place a huge burden on the health care system. Patients who know they are obese may better control their weight or seek medical attention. Self-recognition may be affected by race/ethnicity, but little is known about racial/ethnic differences in knowledge of obesity's h...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1007/s11606-010-1623-3
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine the association of clinic HIV-focused features and advanced HIV care experience with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) prophylaxis and development of PCP as the initial AIDS diagnosis. DESIGN:Nonconcurrent prospective study. SETTING:New York State Medicaid Program. PARTICIPANTS:Medicaid enrol...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1046/j.1525-1497.1998.00003.x
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Many national guidelines recommend the use of patient provider agreements (PPAs) when prescribing opioids for chronic pain. There are no standards for PPA content, readability, or administration processes. OBJECTIVE:Conduct a national survey of providers who use PPAs to describe the process of administering...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-020-06364-2
更新日期：2021-01-08 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Clinician's knowledge of a woman's cancer family history (CFH) and counseling about health-related behaviors (HRB) is necessary for appropriate breast cancer care. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate whether clinicians solicit CFH and counsel women on HRB; to assess relationship of well visits and patient risk perception...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-006-0087-y
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Despite significant investment in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, 40% of US adults are not up-to-date. Commitment devices, which are psychologically tailored approaches to enforce health goals, may be an effective method to increase CRC screening. OBJECTIVE:Compare the effectiveness of a commitment devic...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-020-06392-y
更新日期：2021-01-20 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Little is known about whether more experience with an electronic health record (EHR) makes it easier for providers to meaningfully use EHRs. OBJECTIVE:To assess whether the length of time that small practice providers have been using the EHR is associated with greater ease in performing meaningful use-relat...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-014-2891-0
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The patient-centered medical home (PCMH) has clinical benefits for chronic disease care, but the association with patient-reported outcomes such as health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is unexplored in patients with multimorbidity (two or more chronic diseases). OBJECTIVE:To examine if greater clinic-leve...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-019-05429-1
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Despite the absence of conclusive evidence of effectiveness, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is used by 4 of 10 adults in the US; little is known about the association between CAM use and health status. OBJECTIVE:To determine the relation between CAM use and self-reported health status and heal...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-010-1542-3
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the Caribbean region. OBJECTIVE:This study explored the concept of a health network, relationships focused on health-related matters, and examined associations with CVD risk factors in the Eastern Caribbean. DESIGN:The Eastern ...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-019-05550-1
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One challenge of contemporary medical education is that shorter lengths of stay and time-limited clerkships often interrupt a student's relationship with a patient before a diagnosis is made or treatment is completed, limiting the learning experience. Medical students sometimes use electronic health records (EHRs) to ...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-017-4278-5
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Type 2 diabetes patients often initiate treatment with a sulfonylurea and subsequently intensify their therapy with insulin. However, information on optimal treatment regimens for these patients is limited. OBJECTIVE:To compare risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and hypoglycemia between sulfonylurea initi...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-016-3633-2
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The quality of the continuity clinic experience for internal medicine (IM) residents may influence their choice to enter general internal medicine (GIM), yet few data exist to support this hypothesis. OBJECTIVE:To assess the relationship between IM residents' satisfaction with continuity clinic and interest...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1007/s11606-012-2280-5
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Despite compelling reasons to draw on the contributions of under-represented minority (URM) faculty members, US medical schools lack these faculty, particularly in leadership and senior roles. OBJECTIVE:The study's purpose was to document URM faculty perceptions and experience of the culture of academic med...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-010-1478-7
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To compare the types and costs of drugs prescribed by resident and staff physicians treating patients with uncomplicated essential hypertension. DESIGN:Cross-sectional study, using a computer-based medical record database. SETTING:Primary care internal medicine clinic in a large teaching hospital. PATIENTS...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02598167
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:As a result of market forces and maturing technology, generalists are currently providing services, such as colonoscopy, that in the past were deemed the realm of specialists. OBJECTIVE:To determine whether there were differences in patient characteristics, procedure complexity, and clinical indications whe...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1525-1497.2000.06039.x
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:As children with diabetes transition to adulthood, they may be especially vulnerable to diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Cross-national comparisons may inform efforts to avoid this complication. OBJECTIVE:To compare DKA hospitalization rates in the USA and Manitoba, Canada, during the vulnerable years known as ...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-019-05006-6
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
