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Beneficial Effects of Hypercapnic Acidosis on the Inhibition of Transforming Growth Factor β-1-induced Corneal Fibrosis in Vitro.

Abstract：

PURPOSE:Corneal scarring is a common poor outcome of corneal trauma. Transforming growth factor β-1 plays a vital role in corneal fibrosis, inducing keratocyte transformation to myofibroblasts. Other than corneal transplantation, no other curative treatment methods for corneal scarring are currently available. Hypercapnic acidosis exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-migratory effects on numerous organs; however, its effect on corneal fibroblasts remains unknown. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of hypercapnic acidosis on transforming growth factor β-1-induced fibrosis in corneal fibroblasts and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Corneal fibroblasts were obtained from human limbal tissue and cultured with or without transforming growth factor β-1 under hypercapnic acidosis or no-hypercapnic acidosis conditions, and subjected to scratch wound, cell migration, and collagen matrix contraction assays. Furthermore, immunocytochemistry was performed to evaluate the alpha-smooth muscle actin stress fiber. Finally, western blotting was performed to assess the expression of proteins in the NF-κB and Smad pathways. RESULTS:Hypercapnic acidosis suppressed collagen gel contraction capacity in transforming growth factor β-1-treated corneal fibroblasts and inhibited transforming growth factor β-1-induced cell migration. Moreover, hypercapnic acidosis downregulated corneal fibrosis marker alpha-smooth muscle actin in transforming growth factor β-1-treated corneal fibroblasts. Furthermore, hypercapnic acidosis suppressed transforming growth factor β-1-induced fibrosis, at least partly, by inhibiting Smad2/3 phosphorylation and down-regulating p-IκB-dependent and RelB signaling transduction. CONCLUSIONS:Hypercapnic acidosis inhibits transforming growth factor β-1-induced corneal fibroblast migration, collagen gel contraction capacity, and alpha smooth muscle actin expression, potentially through the Smad and NF-κB pathways. Therefore, hypercapnic acidosis may be a potentially useful anti-fibrotic therapy for corneal scarring.

journal_name

Curr Eye Res

journal_title

Current eye research

authors

Chang YM,Cian AA,Weng TH,Liang CM,Pao SI,Chen YJ

doi

10.1080/02713683.2020.1820526

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-09-11 00:00:00

pages

1-9

eissn

0271-3683

issn

1460-2202

pub_type

杂志文章

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Beneficial Effects of Hypercapnic Acidosis on the Inhibition of Transforming Growth Factor β-1-induced Corneal Fibrosis in Vitro.