Abstract:
:Numerous studies have reported significant associations between ABO blood group and risk of cardiovascular disease. These studies have consistently demonstrated that thrombotic risk is significantly reduced in individuals in blood group O. Nevertheless, the biological mechanisms through which ABO influences hemostasis have remained poorly understood. Exciting recent data have provided novel insights into how these ABO effects are modulated and have highlighted that ABO group significantly influences platelet plug formation at sites of vascular injury (primary hemostasis). In particular, ABO affects multiple aspects of von Willebrand factor (VWF) biology. In keeping with their reduced thrombotic risk, plasma VWF levels are ∼25% lower in healthy group O compared with healthy group non-O individuals. In addition, blood group O VWF demonstrates enhanced susceptibility to ADAMTS13 proteolysis. Finally, preliminary findings suggest that the interaction of group O VWF with platelets may also be reduced. Although the molecular mechanisms underlying these ABO effects on VWF have not been fully elucidated, it seems likely that they are mediated in large part by the ABO(H) carbohydrate structures that are carried on both the N- and O-linked glycans of VWF. Interestingly, ABO(H) determinants are also expressed on several different platelet surface glycoprotein receptors. Recent studies support the hypothesis that ABO group not only exerts major quantitative and qualitative effects on VWF, but also affect specific aspects of platelet function. Given the severe morbidity and the mortality associated with thrombotic disorders, defining the mechanisms underlying these ABO effects is not only of scientific interest, but also of direct clinical importance.
journal_name
Bloodjournal_title
Bloodauthors
Ward SE,O'Sullivan JM,O'Donnell JSdoi
10.1182/blood.2020005843subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-12-17 00:00:00pages
2864-2874issue
25eissn
0006-4971issn
1528-0020pii
461790journal_volume
136pub_type
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