Abstract:
:The connectivity of large neurons of the nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis (NRGc) in the medullary reticular formation potentially allows both for the integration of stimuli, in several modalities, that would demand immediate action, and for coordinated activation of cortical and motoric activity. We have simultaneously recorded cortical local field potentials, neck muscle electromyograph (EMG), and the neural activity of medullary NRGc neurons in unrestrained, unanesthetized rats to determine whether the activity of the NRGc is consistent with the modulation of general arousal. We observed excitatory responses of individual NRGc neurons to all modalities tested: tactile, visual, auditory, vestibular, and olfactory. Excitation was directly linked to increases in neck muscle EMG amplitude and corresponded with increases in the power of fast oscillations (30 to 80 Hz) of cortical activity and decreases in the power of slow oscillations (2 to 8 Hz). Because these reticular formation neurons can respond to broad ranges of stimuli with increased firing rates associated with the initiation of behavioral responses, we infer that they are part of an elementary "first responder" CNS arousal mechanism.
journal_name
J Neurophysioljournal_title
Journal of neurophysiologyauthors
Martin EM,Pavlides C,Pfaff Ddoi
10.1152/jn.01122.2009subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-05-01 00:00:00pages
2326-38issue
5eissn
0022-3077issn
1522-1598pii
01122.2009journal_volume
103pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Systemic exposure to N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists can lead to psychosis and prefrontal cortex (PFC)-dependent behavioral impairments. Agonists of metabotropic glutamate 2/3 (mGlu2/3) receptors ameliorate the adverse behavioral effects of NMDA antagonists in humans and laboratory animals, and are be...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00875.2004
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Evidence from single-unit recordings suggests that neurons in the medial superior temporal visual area (MST) carry directional signals that influence psychophysical judgements of motion direction. We tested this hypothesis by electrically stimulating clusters of directionally selective neurons in MST (the dorsomedi...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1995.73.2.437
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe here the time course of functional synapse formation and of the development of short-term synaptic plasticity at Aplysia sensorimotor synapses in cell culture, as well as the effects of blocking protein synthesis or postsynaptic receptors on the development of synaptic transmission and plasticity. We find ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1997.77.5.2316
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) receives a dense serotonergic innervation that modulates photic input to the SCN via serotonin 1B (5-HT1B) presynaptic receptors on retinal glutamatergic terminals. However, the majority of 5-HT1B binding sites in the SCN are located on nonretinal terminals and most axonal terminals i...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00770.2004
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Bicuculline-induced epileptiform bursts in slices of neocortical tissue resected from children (3 mo to 14 yr) undergoing neurosurgical treatment for intractable epilepsy were studied with conventional intracellular recording techniques. The purposes of this study were to characterize the bursts evoked in immature ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1993.70.5.1759
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Whole cell patch-clamp recordings were made of low-voltage-activated (LVA) calcium (Ca2+) currents using 2 mM barium (Ba2+) as charge carrier. Acutely dissociated neurons from medial septum (MS) and the nucleus of the diagonal band (nDB) were examined in young adult (1-3 mo) and aged (24-26 mo) Fischer 344 rats. 2....
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1995.74.2.876
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We charted postnatal changes in the intrinsic electrophysiological properties and synaptic responses of rat intrinsic cardiac ganglion (ICG) neurons. We developed a whole-mount ganglion preparation of the excised right atrial ganglion plexus. Using intracellular recordings and nerve stimulation we tested the hypothesi...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01220.2005
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The majority of cerebral signals destined for the cerebellum are handed over by the pontine nuclei (PN), which thoroughly reorganize the neocortical topography. The PN maps neocortical signals of wide-spread origins into adjacent compartments delineated by spatially precise distribution of cortical terminals and posts...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01060.2005
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Intracellular recordings were made from neurons of the basolateral amygdala (BLA) in in vitro slice preparations to determine long-term differences in metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) agonist-induced membrane responses in control and amygdala-kindled rats. 2. (2S,3S,4S)-alpha-(carboxycyclopropyl)glycine-1 (L...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1996.76.4.2808
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Male zebra finches produce a song consisting of a canonical sequence of syllables, learned from a tutor and repeated throughout its adult life. Much of the neural circuitry responsible for this behavior is located in the cortical premotor region HVC (acronym is name). In a recent study from our laboratory, we found th...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00917.2016
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::When sensory feedback is perturbed, accurate movement is restored by a combination of implicit processes and deliberate reaiming to strategically compensate for errors. Here, we directly compare two methods used previously to dissociate implicit from explicit learning on a trial-by-trial basis: 1) asking participants ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00834.2016
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The primate posterior thalamus has been proposed to contribute to pain sensation, but its precise role is unclear. This is in part because spinothalamic tract (STT) neurons that project to the posterior thalamus have received little attention. In this study, antidromic mapping was used to identify individual STT neuro...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.90810.2008
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Using patch-clamp recordings, expression of voltage-activated ion channels by identified glial cells in situ was studied in hippocampal slices derived from 5- to 24-day-old rats. Glial cells were filled with Lucifer yellow during recording, and were identified by staining for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)....
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1993.70.5.1863
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The small cardioactive peptides (SCPs) are potent modulatory neuropeptides in Aplysia. Buccal ganglia neurons B1 and B2 are the largest neurons that exhibit SCP-like immunoreactivity. High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC)-bioassay and in vivo radiolabeling procedures confirm that these neurons contain and synt...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1988.59.5.1613
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ventrolateral preoptic nucleus (VLPO) is a key nucleus involved in the homeostatic regulation of sleep-wakefulness. Little is known, however, about the cellular mechanisms underlying its role in sleep regulation and how the neurotransmitters, such as GABA and noradrenaline (NA), are involved. In the present study ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00491.2002
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurons constituting the pacemaker of circadian rhythms, located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus, generate spontaneous firing patterns that change across the day-night cycle. Their average spontaneous firing rate is considered an important functional marker of clock activity because it is highest during daytime and low...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1997.78.4.1811
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Electrical synapses play significant roles in neural processing in invertebrate and vertebrate nervous systems. The view of electrical synapses as plain bidirectional intercellular channels represents a partial picture because rectifying electrical synapses expand the complexity in the communication capabilities of ne...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00973.2006
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. In vagotomized, paralyzed, decerebrate cats, simultaneous recordings were taken from one or more sympathetic nerves [cervical sympathetic (CS), inferior cardiac (IC), splanchnic (SP)] and from medullary neurons in vasomotor-related regions. Coherence analyses were used to ascertain the presence of sympathetic rhyth...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1995.74.1.474
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanisms behind the therapeutic effects of electrical stimulation of the brain in epilepsy and other disorders are poorly understood. Previous studies in vitro have shown that uniform electric fields can suppress epileptiform activity through a direct polarizing effect on neuronal membranes. Such an effect depen...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00887.2012
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The vibratory response to two-tone stimuli was measured in the basilar membrane of the chinchilla cochlea by means of the Mössbauer technique or laser velocimetry. Measurements were made at sites with characteristic frequency (CF, the frequency at which an auditory structure is most sensitive) of 7-10 kHz, located ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1992.68.4.1087
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We previously showed that, when observers watch an actor performing a predictable block-stacking task, the coordination between the observer's gaze and the actor's hand is similar to the coordination between the actor's gaze and hand. Both the observer and the actor direct gaze to forthcoming grasp and block landing s...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00227.2006
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Generalization is a fundamental aspect of behavior, allowing for the transfer of knowledge from one context to another. The details of this transfer are thought to reveal how the brain represents what it learns. Generalization has been a central focus in studies of sensorimotor adaptation, and its pattern has been wel...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00974.2016
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Substance P initiates locomotion when injected in the brain stem of mammals. This study examined the possible role of this peptide on the supraspinal locomotor command system in lampreys. Substance P was bath applied or locally injected into an in vitro isolated brain stem, and the effects of the drug were examined on...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00401.2004
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Similar motor regions are activated during voluntarily executed or observed movements. We investigated whether observing movements of one's own hand through a mirror will generate activations in the cortical motor regions of both the moving and nonmoving hands. Using the lateralized readiness potential (LRP), an elect...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.90260.2008
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Retzius (R) neurons of the fifth and sixth segmental ganglia of the leech, called R(5,6) neurons are specialized to innervate the adjacent reproductive organs and are morphologically and functionally distinct from R neurons of standard ganglia [R(x) cells]. In this study the electrical properties of the R(x) and R(...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1995.73.3.957
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a noninvasive tool used to probe cognitive and affective processes. Although fMRI provides indirect measures of neural activity, the advent of fMRI has allowed for1) the corroboration of significant animal findings in the human brain, and2) the expansion of models to inc...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1152/jn.00333.2015
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interneuron precursors transplanted into visual cortex induce network plasticity during their heterochronic maturation. Such plasticity can have a significant impact on the function of the animal and is normally present only during a brief critical period in early postnatal development. Elucidating the synaptic and ph...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00096.2017
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The performance of neural codes to represent attributes of sensory signals has been evaluated in the vertebrate peripheral and central nervous system. Here, we determine how information signaled by populations of neurons is modified by plasticity. Suprathreshold neuronal responses from a large number of neurons were r...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01001.2010
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The octopus cells of the posteroventral cochlear nucleus receive inputs from auditory-nerve fibers and form one of the major ascending auditory pathways. They respond to acoustic and electrical stimulation transiently and are believed to carry temporal information in the precise timing of their action potentials. The ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1997.78.2.872
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Effects of deafferentation of the tooth pulps of the posterior mandibular teeth were studied in single neurons recorded in the ipsilateral subnucleus caudalis of the trigeminal (V) spinal tract nucleus of adult cats and kittens. The functional properties of neurons in each anesthetized animal were determined electr...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1989.61.6.1197
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00