Abstract：
:Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptors (LGRs) form a subfamily of the large superfamily of G-protein-coupled receptors. LGRs can be divided into three groups. LGR2 from Drosophila melanogaster is involved in cuticle tanning (melanization and sclerotization). In this study, one LGR2 (MnLGR2) was identified from Macrobrachium nipponense. MnLGR2 has an open reading frame of 4515 bp encoding a protein with 1504 amino acids. MnLGR2 is comprised of a 7-transmembrane domain, 12 leucine-rich repeats, and 5 low-complexity regions. The highest expression level of MnLGR2 was observed in gills. The expression levels of MnLGR2 in gills and stomach could be regulated by bacterial challenge. Knockdown of MnLGR2 upregulated the expression of anti-microbial peptide (AMP) genes. Further study indicated that inhibition of AMP expression by MnLGR2 was through inhibition of relish-mediated AMP expression. In addition to the negative regulation of AMP expression, MnLGR2 participated in positive regulation of phenol oxidase (PO) activity and expression of proPO activating pathway-related genes (proPO-activating factor and proPO-activating enzymes). Therefore, MnLGR2 plays an important role in prawn innate immunity.
journal_name
Mol Immunoljournal_title
Molecular immunologyauthors
Cao X,Zhang C,Zhang R,Wang K,Dai X,Huang X,Ren Qdoi
10.1016/j.molimm.2020.07.013subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-10-01 00:00:00pages
14-24eissn
0161-5890issn
1872-9142pii
S0161-5890(20)30428-4journal_volume
126pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The purpose of the present work was to determine the ability of BgTX peptides, corresponding to the various loops and exposed regions of alpha-bungarotoxin (BgTX) and representing regions that are recognized by B and/or T cells, to stimulate protective immunity in mice against in vivo challenge with BgTX. The BgTX LD5...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(96)00014-4
更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An attempt was made to obtain fragments containing the C gamma 2 region by selectively cleaving human Fc fragments prepared from pooled IgG at Met residues using cyanogen bromide. Based on the known locations of Met residues in the Fc regions of human IgG subclasses, fragments between Met 252 and 358, comprising the C...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(85)90052-5
更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Natural resistance to infection with intracellular parasites, such as Leishmania, Salmonella, and Mycobacterium, is controlled in mice by the expression of a single dominant gene locus designated Lsh/Ity/Bcg. Natural resistance-associated macrophage protein gene 1 (NRAMP1) was isolated as a candidate gene. NRAMP1 enco...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0161-5890(96)00088-0
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human C3b as well as native C3 were found to bind to solid phase human and rabbit IgG. Haemolytically active C3 had significantly higher binding capacity to IgG than the C3b fragment. Inhibition experiments proved that C3 and C3b have common binding sites on the Fab and Fc part of the IgG molecule but the character of...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(83)90076-7
更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Earlier studies, which provided indirect evidence for the involvement of the C gamma 2 domain of human immunoglobulin G (IgG) in human immunoglobulin G (IgG) in human monocyte binding, have been extended to further localise the site of interaction on human IgG. A number of IgGs from several different species and fragm...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(86)90059-3
更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:SOCS3 is well known to negatively regulate various cytokine-mediated signaling responses, but its direct role in the expression of specific cytokines has not been clearly elucidated. To understand the role of SOCS3 in the expression of IL-4, one of the key Th2 cytokines, RBL-2H3 cells (a rat mast cell line) were engin...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2010.11.005
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interplay between complement factors, regulatory proteins, anaphylatoxins and cytokines could be involved in tendon healing and scar formation. The expression and regulation of complement factors by cytokines or anaphylatoxins are completely unclear in tendon. Hence, the gene expression of the anaphylatoxin receptors ...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2012.09.001
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In immune cells, Src-family kinases have been implicated as critical regulators of a large number of intracellular signaling pathways. Studies of gene knockout mice lacking various family members have both confirmed the requirement for these kinases in some pathways and provided surprising insight into their roles in ...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2004.04.010
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris) belongs to the Compositae family, and is one of the main causes of allergy in late summer and autumn. The aim of the study was to characterize the allergen Art v 2 from mugwort pollen. Skin prick tests, performed in 19 patients allergic to mugwort and 10 control patients, showed an Art v 2...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2007.04.022
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The specificity of a mouse anti-testicular cell monoclonal antibody, J1, was investigated. Previous studies suggested that N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) was a constituent of the determinant recognized by J1. When the antibody was tested against a variety of purified glycolipids containing this saccharide in terminal...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(84)90142-1
更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infects 8 million and kills 2.2 million people each year worldwide. M.tb modulates the immune response of the infected individual. Empirically, suppressor carbohydrates (SC) produced by CD8+ T cells in response to M.tb were found to induce a T helper 2 response rather than a protectiv...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2007.10.022
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A procedure to quantitate the immunogenic potential of protein antigens is presented. It is hypothesized that the intrinsic immunogenicity of an accessible region on the protein arises from the overall structural effect of the presence of the particular assemblage of amino acid residues in the given region. Structural...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(85)90043-4
更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cell surface co-stimulatory protein CD154 (CD40L) is a target for monoclonal antibody (mAb) inhibitors of T-cell mediated immune diseases. This protein, like most other members of the TNF ligand family, forms homotrimeric complexes on the cell surface and in solution, with a three-fold axis of symmetry. We find th...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0161-5890(02)00045-7
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease which is susceptible to children and causes great harm to them. Recently, Interferon-related developmental regulator 1 (IFRD1) was proved to be participant in regulating lung diseases, and its abnormal expression was shown in pathological airway tissues. Our study aimed to demon...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2020.09.010
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The innate immune system is the first line of defense against infection and responses are initiated by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that detect pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). PRRs also detect endogenous danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that are released by damaged or dying cells. T...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2017.02.012
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:SCID can be caused by various genetic mutations leading to distinctive phenotypes according to the presence of T, B and NK cells. Artemis is a gene encoded on chromosome 10p. The deficiency of this molecule causes an inability to repair DNA double strand breaks and is one of the causes of radiosensitive T-B-NK+ SCID. ...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2013.05.004
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have previously used immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) to generate a three-dimensional map of idiotypic (Id) and isotypic epitopes on the Fab arms of HGAC 39 (Roux et al., 1987, Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84, 4984-4988), a mouse IgG3 monoclonal antibody (Mab). In this report, we analyse the geometry of the various...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(94)90167-8
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Phosphocholine (PC)-specific antibodies that arise in the mouse in response to Proteus morganii (PM) and use V1-DFL16.1-JH1 are characterized by a number of recurring mutations. Most striking is an invariant A for G substitution in codon 95 of VH which results in an asparagine instead of aspartate at that position. Be...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(93)90069-n
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Noxiustoxin (NTX) is a short-chain toxin from the venom of the scorpion Centruroides noxius Hoffmann, whose molecular structure and physiological effects have been characterized in detail, whereas the antigenic properties of this and other K(+) channel-blocking toxins are poorly studied. A monoclonal antibody against ...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0161-5890(00)00091-2
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Art v 3, the lipid-transfer protein (LTP) of Artemisia vulgaris pollen is a relevant allergen showing frequent cross-reactivity with homologues in other plants. Here we report the identification of four full-length Art v 3 sequences obtained by cDNA cloning using mass spectrometry-based sequencing. Two isoforms, Art v...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2009.03.021
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The thermal effects associated with the binding reaction of concanavalin A and immunoglobulins have been measured by calorimetry. IgG solutions do not generate heat on mixing with concanavalin A, confirming the low reactivity of IgG for the lectin molecule. IgM solutions, on the other hand, show a substantial enthalpi...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(82)90357-1
更新日期：1982-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have recently developed an in vitro culture model enabling the large-scale expansion of switched-memory B lymphocytes, producing a polyclonal human IgG repertoire. Given the importance of glycosylation for the functions of immunoglobulins, we analyzed the N-glycosylation profiles of the immunoglobulin G (IgG) in th...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2013.10.005
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have designed and produced a stable bispecific scFv dimer (bisFv) by non-covalent association of two hybrid VH-VL pairs derived from an anti-neuraminidase antibody (NC10) and an anti-glycophorin antibody (1C3). The bisFv dimer was demonstrated to have binding activity to the two respective target antigens and was e...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0161-5890(96)00097-1
更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The complement system plays a central role in a number of human inflammatory diseases, and there is a significant need for development of complement-directed therapies. The discovery of an arsenal of anti-complement proteins secreted by the pathogen Staphylococcus aureus brought with it the potential for harnessing th...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2015.05.012
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:BST-2 (also known as tetherin, CD317, or HM1.24) was first described as a potent interferon-inducible host antiviral factor nearly five years ago. Since that time, numerous reports have been published regarding the antiviral activity and immunological properties of this protein. BST-2 blocks viral replication by inhib...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2012.11.008
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rearrangements in reading frame 2 promote the expression of a truncated heavy chain, the Dmu protein. Dmu can assemble into a pre-B cell receptor like complex that appears to induce a subset of signals elicited by full length mu, but cannot promote the pro-B to pre-B cell transition of Rag-/- B cells. In order to dete...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2005.09.020
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous data suggested that constitutive expression of the transcription factor Bright (B cell regulator of immunoglobulin heavy chain transcription), normally tightly regulated during B cell differentiation, was associated with autoantibody production. Here we show that constitutive Bright expression results in skew...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2011.09.008
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development and maintenance of thymic microenvironments depends on sustained crosstalk signals derived from developing thymocytes. However, the molecular basis for the initial phase in the lymphoid dependent development of thymic epithelial cells (TECs) remains unclear. Here we show that similarly to regular thymo...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2009.01.015
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bla g 1 is a major allergen from Blatella germanica and one of the primary allergens used to assess cockroach allergen exposure. The epitope of an anti-Bla g 1 scFv was mapped in order to better understand cross reactivity with other group 1 cockroach allergens and patient IgE epitopes. X-ray crystallography was used ...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2014.02.003
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:GK-1 is an immunomodulatory, 18-aa-long peptide that has been proved to promote the activation of mouse peritoneal macrophages and LPS-pulsed mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BM-DCs). This study is aimed to explore the mechanisms underlying the activation of these antigen-presenting cells (APCs) by GK-1. In ...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2020.09.015
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
