Abstract：
:Superficial candidosis is a common fungal infection that could become a gateway to systemic spread. Candida albicans is the most important Candida spp; recently, so-called emergent species, such as C dubliniensis, C famata, and C lipolytica have been isolated. This chapter describes the clinical manifestations and laboratory diagnostic techniques, including direct examination, smears, cultures, and physiologic tests. Topical antifungal drugs available for the treatment of superficial candidosis, including imidazoles, triazoles, allylamines, and nystatin, are also discussed. For granulomatous and invasive forms of candidosis, triazoles, allylamines (terbinafine), echinocandins (caspofungin), and amphotericin B are elective therapeutic choices. It is important to eliminate associated predisposing factors that contribute to infection and, if possible, all samples obtained should be evaluated for cases of resistance.
journal_name
Clin Dermatoljournal_title
Clinics in dermatologyauthors
López-Martínez Rdoi
10.1016/j.clindermatol.2009.12.014subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-03-04 00:00:00pages
178-84issue
2eissn
0738-081Xissn
1879-1131pii
S0738-081X(09)00256-9journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Many studies have investigated cutaneous reactions to antitumor drugs and found them to be quite numerous. We describe drug eruptions that may be associated with different therapies by class: antimetabolite chemotherapeutics, genotoxic agents, spindle inhibitors, signal transduction inhibitors, and immunotherapies. Me...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2019.10.006
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The metabolic syndrome (MetS) or insulin resistance syndrome is a constellation of obesity-related metabolic derangements predisposing to type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. In 1998, WHO defined the first criteria of MetS. Three years later, the user-friendly National Cholesterol Education Program criteria of ...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2017.09.002
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hailey-Hailey disease, also called benign familial pemphigus, is a late-onset blistering disorder that affects the flexures. There are typically painful erosions and cracks in affected areas. Lesions generally begin between 20 and 40 years of age. In two third of all cases, positive family history is detected. In path...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2015.04.006
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Personality disorders (PDs) are stable and enduring patterns of thought, feeling, and behavior that deviate from one's cultural norms and cause impairment in functionality. Patients with PDs are commonly encountered in the dermatologic setting and can be perceived by providers as "difficult." Given that PDs are chroni...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2017.01.009
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Psychocutaneous morbidity is commonly found in dermatologic practice. Patients generally refuse referral to psychiatry, and dermatologists cannot always provide psychotherapeutic support. By establishing an alliance with these patients and with working knowledge of the common psychotherapeutic agents used in dermatolo...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2011.11.013
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Formulating at acidic pH is a route to improve the chemical or biological stability and the performances of cosmeceuticals. Unfortunately, its potential is limited by the poor differentiation of available acidic agents, and by the risk of skin irritation. Recently, a perfluoropolyether phosphate was proposed to formul...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2008.04.005
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many authors recognize the beneficial effects of using protein-rich substances in formulations of various topical applications. Proteins quickly were considered useful ingredients for creating a suitable environment for healthy skin and hair because of their ability to bind water with the horny layer of skin and its a...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2008.04.004
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Melanocyte stem cells differ greatly from melanoma stem cells; the former provide pigmented cells during normal tissue homeostasis and repair, and the latter play an active role in a lethal form of cancer. These 2 cell types share several features and can be studied by similar methods. Aspects held in common by both m...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2012.08.014
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stress is thought to suppress immune function and increase susceptibility to infections and cancer. Paradoxically, stress is also known to exacerbate autoimmune/proinflammatory disorders (eg, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis) that should be ameliorated by immunosuppression. Here we review studies showing that although chr...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2011.11.003
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With a prevalence of 2% to 3%, psoriasis is a very common chronic disease worldwide and generates therapy costs and continuing cost for health insurance and patients and their families. Cost-political changes in health care and the ever increasing health-economic demands in all areas of the health system make it neces...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2007.10.024
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oral manifestations of nutritional deficiencies can affect the mucous membranes, teeth, periodontal tissue, salivary glands, and perioral skin. This contribution reviews how the water-soluble vitamins (B(2), B(3), B(6), B(12), C, and folic acid), fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, and E), and minerals (calcium, fluoride, iro...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2010.03.025
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patient education programs are beneficial in the treatment of chronic diseases. In Germany, France, and other countries worldwide, educating children, adolescents, and adults plus the parents of children with atopic dermatitis (AD) leads to better coping with the skin disease, as well as to a reduction in the severity...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2018.05.006
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Shortly after syphilis appeared in Europe at the time of Columbus' voyage to the New World, the big pox, as it was often known, became a serious issue in Russia for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Members of the Russian royal family were made aware of the disease from adolescence onward. Czar Peter the Great had...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2019.09.002
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Actinic keratoses (AKs) represent the earliest stage in the development of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and represent important biomarkers for individuals at risk for development of invasive SCC. Based on clinical morphology, AK can be subdivided into three different grades, which correspond to specific dermatoscopic...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2013.05.028
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Optimal management of full-thickness wounds requires a thorough knowledge of wound-healing principles and practices. In the absence of underlying disease, almost every full-thickness wound will heal with minimal intervention; however, the process can be enhanced by judicious wound management. The first clinical decisi...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2006.10.001
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels. It is also accompanied with a variety of multisystem complications that include the blood vessels, nervous system, eyes, kidneys, and skin. The main cutaneous complications are discussed. ...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2007.10.015
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new or changing melanocytic nevus in a child or adolescent often leads to concern in parents and physicians. To avoid undue alarm and unnecessary procedures, dermatologists should be aware of the natural history and clinical spectrum of nevi in pediatric patients, as well as findings that are potentially worrisome i...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2014.12.015
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In recent years, a bewildering array of emerging rickettsial pathogens have been described throughout the world, including in the tropics. Here we present an updated overview of scrub typhus, murine typhus, and epidemic typhus. We also present an update on the emerging spotted fever group rickettsioses described in th...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2005.11.007
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alopecia is a skin condition of great social and psychologic impact. Primary alopecia originates from the hair follicles and usually does not have systemic manifestations; however, secondary alopecia can affect the hair follicles in the setting of systemic diseases, medications, and external trauma. Connective tissue ...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2019.07.026
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Atopic dermatitis (AD), the most prevalent inflammatory skin disease, is characterized by robust T-cell activation. The disease has several subtypes, all having a common T helper type 2 (Th2)/Th22 polarization, but it also displays differential immune skewing, such as increased Th17/interleukin 23 skewing in the skin ...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2017.03.012
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dr. Ida Lystic is an assistant professor in the Division of Gastroenterology at the Byron Edwards & Samuel Thompson (BEST) Medical Center. Before becoming one of the BEST doctors, she completed her fellowship training at the Owen T. Henry and Eugene Rutherford (OTHER) Medical Center and her MD degree at the prestigiou...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2018.02.001
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cosmeceuticals are used for nourishing and improving the appearance of the skin and are also documented as effective agents for treating various dermatologic conditions. Cosmeceutical preparations from herbal origin are most popular among consumers because these agents are mostly nontoxic and possess strong antioxidan...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2009.05.012
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The elderly population is growing, lifespans are increasing, and a greater emphasis on geriatric care is being implemented in hospital systems. With a higher percentage of the population living longer, hair and nail diseases associated with the advanced stages of life are becoming more prevalent. Common hair diseases ...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2017.10.007
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As new laser devices continue to emerge, it becomes increasingly important for the clinical dermatologist to understand the basic principles behind their operation. A fundamental understanding of how lasers interact with tissue will enable the physician to choose the most appropriate laser for a given clinical situati...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2005.10.019
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The large majority of cases reported worldwide as zygomycosis are infections caused by fungi belonging to the order Mucorales. These infections are invasive, often lethal, and they primarily affect immunocompromised patients. Cutaneous zygomycosis is the third most common clinical presentation, after sinusitis and pul...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2012.01.010
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most mycobacteria cause localized and often harmless infections of the skin. Leprosy, which dates back to approximately 60 bc in India, was supposed to be eliminated as a public health problem by the year 2000. With a new case detection rate between 600,000 and 700,000 yearly however, leprosy, with its sometimes devas...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2004.06.006
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Paraviral eruptions, such as the papular-purpuric gloves and socks syndrome or eruptive pseudoangiomatosis, share the following features that distinguish them from a classic viral eruption: they are highly recognizable; the eruption usually lasts a few weeks; many different viruses and sometimes other agents can trigg...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2020.06.005
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most defects in dermatologic surgery can be repaired by primary closure. If this is not feasible, then local flaps should be employed. Where flaps are unfeasible or would result in an additional cosmetic deformity, then a full-thickness skin graft should be employed. If the defect is too large for a full-thickness ski...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0738-081x(87)90031-9
更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of many drugs in dermatologic diseases may cause ocular side effects. Some may regress after discontinuation of the therapy, but others persist or progress even after the cessation of treatment. This review presents four groups of commonly prescribed drugs-antimalarial medicines, glucocorticoids, retinoids, an...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2015.11.012
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since the introduction of botulinum toxin (BTX) as a therapeutic tool in the 1970s, the number of uses for this substance has increased exponentially. BTX's mechanism of action involves degrading the SNARE proteins blockading the release of acetylcholine into the neuromuscular junction. In many body systems, decrease ...
journal_title：Clinics in dermatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clindermatol.2003.12.030
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
