Abstract:
PURPOSE:The spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS) affects astronauts on missions to the International Space Station (ISS). The SANS has blurred vision and ocular changes as typical features. The objective of this study was to investigate if microgravity can create deformations or movements of the eye or optic nerve, and if such changes could be linked to SANS. DESIGN:Cohort study. PARTICIPANTS:Twenty-two astronauts (age 48 ± 4 years). METHODS:The intervention consisted of time in microgravity at the ISS. We co-registered pre- and postspaceflight magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and generated centerline representations of the optic nerve. The coordinates for the optic nerve head (ONH) and optic chiasm (OC) ends of the optic nerve were recorded along with the entire centerline path. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Optic nerve length, ONH movement, and OC movement after time in microgravity. RESULTS:Optic nerve length increased (0.80 ± 0.74 mm, P < 0.001), primarily reflecting forward ONH displacement (0.63 ± 0.53 mm, P < 0.001). The forward displacement was positively related to mission duration, preflight body weight, and clinical manifestations of SANS. We also detected upward displacement of the OC (0.39 ± 0.50 mm, P = 0.002), indicative of brain movement, but this observation could not be linked to SANS. CONCLUSIONS:The spaceflight-induced optic nerve lengthening and anterior movement of the ONH support that SANS is caused by an altered pressure difference between the brain and the eye, leading to a forward push on the posterior of the eye. Body weight is a potential contributing risk factor. Direct assessment of intracranial pressure in space is required to verify the implicated mechanism behind the ocular findings in SANS.
journal_name
Ophthalmologyjournal_title
Ophthalmologyauthors
Wåhlin A,Holmlund P,Fellows AM,Malm J,Buckey JC,Eklund Adoi
10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.07.007subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2021-02-01 00:00:00pages
309-316issue
2eissn
0161-6420issn
1549-4713pii
S0161-6420(20)30640-0journal_volume
128pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
OPHTHALMOLOGY文献大全abstract::The authors compared the additive intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effects of two different topical medications, apraclonidine hydrochloride and dipivefrin hydrochloride, when used in conjunction with timolol maleate. Eighteen patients with elevated IOPs entered a randomized, double-masked, cross-over study. Each u...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(89)32977-0
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to investigate the age-related changes in the position of zonular insertion onto the anterior lens capsule. DESIGN:The study design was an experimental cadaveric eye study. PARTICIPANTS:Two hundred twenty-three cadaveric eyes (range, 16-100 years old) from eye banks in the United States wer...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(98)93172-4
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To describe the occurrence of vision-threatening orbital emphysema in patients awakening from orbital decompression surgery and to assess risk factors and preventive measures. DESIGN:Small noncomparative case series. PARTICIPANTS:Three patients undergoing bilateral orbital two-wall decompression experienced s...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0161-6420(99)00713-7
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::For 15 years, a 48-year-old woman had been aware of a pinkish translucent inferior epibulbar mass toward the fornix that was stationary in size. Light microscopic evaluation of the excised specimen showed that it was a gland-forming benign tumor. It originated from the surface epithelium by the downward invagination o...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(89)32799-0
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors studied 50 eyes with atrophic (dry) macular degeneration (geographic atrophy of age-related macular degeneration [GAMD], in 50 consecutive patients for 2 to 6 years (average, 3.4 years). There were 35 women and 15 men ranging in age from 60 to 89 years (average, 73 years). The areas of atrophy tended to fo...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(89)32694-7
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Perimacular retinal folds have been reported in the shaken baby syndrome, but have not been described in adults with Terson syndrome. METHODS:The authors present two patients with perimacular retinal folds in adults with Terson syndrome. In one patient, electron microscopy was used to examine the membrane s...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(93)31507-1
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The authors attempt to establish a relation between hard contact lens wear and upper eyelid ptosis. METHODS:This study consists of two parts. In the first part, the authors compare the unilateral or bilateral ptosis that developed during hard contact lens wear in 17 patients with the involutional ptosis that d...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(92)31725-7
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of the study is to investigate diagnostic criteria and treatment methods for patients with congenital periodic alternating nystagmus (PAN). METHODS:A retrospective analysis was performed of clinical findings and serial eye movement recordings of patients with congenital PAN. Eighteen patients obser...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(97)30206-1
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Intraoperative floppy iris syndrome (IFIS) caused by systemic alpha-blockers has been associated with an increased risk of cataract surgical complications when the surgeon was unaware of the medication history and did not anticipate its occurrence. This study was undertaken to evaluate the surgical outcomes and...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2007.01.011
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine whether differences between eyes in axial length (AL) and corneal power (K) on optical biometry are predictive of refractive outcomes. DESIGN:Retrospective cohort study. PARTICIPANTS:A total of 729 patients (1458 eyes) who underwent bilateral phacoemulsification at TLC (Mississauga, Ontario, Cana...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2018.01.021
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors used in the treatment of glaucoma are rarely associated with blood dyscrasias. Several case reports of aplastic anemia with use of acetazolamide, and two cases with use of methazolamide, have appeared in the literature. This report documents two cases of aplastic anemia, at least one of w...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(80)35229-9
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To describe the histopathology of Molteno implant capsules in cases of primary and secondary glaucoma and to correlate them with surgical technique and clinical outcomes in quiet eyes. DESIGN:Human tissue study with clinicopathological correlation. MATERIALS:Seventy-five autopsy eyes or surgical pathology s...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0161-6420(03)00803-0
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To test the effect of postoperative subconjunctival 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on the pressure outcome in combined procedure (limbus-based trabeculectomy + clear-cornea phacoemulsification). METHODS:Prospective randomized, controlled clinical trial; n = 24 eyes (24 patients) with concurrent open-angle glaucoma and ...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(97)30336-4
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To investigate the long-term outcome of keratolimbal allograft (KLAL) for the treatment of severe ocular surface disorders. DESIGN:Retrospective, noncomparative case series. PARTICIPANTS:Twenty patients (23 eyes) with severe ocular surface disorders. INTERVENTION:Thirty-three KLAL procedures were performed. ...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(02)01081-3
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To develop a universal gene therapy to overcome the genetic heterogeneity in retinitis pigmentosa (RP) resulting from mutations in rhodopsin (RHO). DESIGN:Experimental study for a combination gene therapy that uses both gene ablation and gene replacement. PARTICIPANTS:This study included 2 kinds of human RHO ...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2018.04.001
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fourteen patients with well- or intermediately differentiated monoclonal B-lymphocytic tumors of the conjunctiva or orbit had a favorable prognosis with follow-ups of 4 to 9 years (mean and median, 7.5 years). The lesions were, for the most part, diffuse proliferations of small lymphocytes, either with round or minima...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(86)33532-2
更新日期:1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine the personalized rate of uveal melanoma-related metastasis on the basis of individual tumor cytogenetic profile. DESIGN:Retrospective case series. PARTICIPANTS:A total of 1059 patients with uveal melanoma. METHODS:Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) for DNA amplification and whole genome array-...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2017.04.003
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To investigate characteristics associated with visual and anatomic outcomes in branch and central retinal vein occlusion (BRVO and CRVO) patients treated with ranibizumab. DESIGN:Post hoc analysis of patients with BRVO and CRVO from 2 multicenter clinical trials who completed month 12 of the HORIZON extension ...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2019.07.018
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To identify systemic factors associated with the development of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR). DESIGN:Retrospective, case-control study. PARTICIPANTS AND CONTROLS:312 cases and 312 controls. RESULTS:By use of a multivariate analysis, the previously described risk factors, systemic steroid use (odds...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2003.09.024
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To compare clinical outcomes using 20% sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) versus 100% air as a tamponade for graft attachment in Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK). DESIGN:Retrospective, comparative, interventional case series. PARTICIPANTS:Pseudophakic patients with Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy or pseu...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.05.013
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to update a large kindred with juvenile-onset primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) first described in 1940 and to identify the underlying genetic cause of the disease. DESIGN:Molecular genetic study of a single kindred, including clinical examination, retrospective review of clinical and famil...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0161-6420(98)99041-8
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the long-term surgical outcome of Brown syndrome using an intraoperative adjustable superior oblique (SO) tendon suture spacer. DESIGN:Retrospective case series. PARTICIPANTS:Thirteen patients with congenital unilateral Brown syndrome operated on at the Wolfe Eye Clinic from 2001 through 2007...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2008.04.007
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thirteen cases of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repaired by pneumatic retinopexy were reviewed retrospectively. All patients were followed for a minimum of 6 months after surgery. At the end of follow-up, retinal detachment repair by pneumatic retinopexy succeeded in nine cases (70%) and failed in four (30%). With...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(87)33445-1
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 21-year-old man with known Castleman's disease, a lymphoproliferative disorder with both local and systemic manifestations, presented with decreased vision in the left eye and chromatopsia. He had infiltration of the left disc and choroid with elevation of the retina, multiple bilateral depigmented areas at the leve...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(89)32674-1
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To review the published literature on safety and outcomes of the Boston type I keratoprosthesis (BI-KPro) for the surgical treatment of corneal opacification not amenable to human cadaveric corneal transplantation. METHODS:Searches of peer-reviewed literature were conducted in PubMed and the Cochrane Library...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.03.025
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ten patients with prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas (prolactinoma) and visual dysfunction were treated primarily with bromocriptine. Nine patients had improvement of visual field or acuity associated with computed tomography (CT) evidence of a decrease in tumor size and reduction of serum prolactin level (SPL). V...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(85)33853-8
更新日期:1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To describe presenting and corrected visual acuities after cataract surgery in a nationally representative sample of adults. Another objective was to describe refractive errors in operated eyes and to determine the optimal range of intraocular lens (IOL) powers for this population. DESIGN:Cross-sectional, po...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2010.08.025
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eighteen healthy volunteers participated in a histamine challenge, dose response study of cimetidine (H2 antagonist)/pyrilamine (H1 antagonist) eyedrops. This was a randomized, double-masked, multiple-crossover trial, consisting of six visits spaced 48 hours apart. At each visit, subjects were pretreated with one of s...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(86)33789-8
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To study the efficacy of liposomal benzoporphyrin derivative (BPD) (Verteportin) for the angiographic visualization and photodynamic therapy (PDT) of experimental iris neovascularization. METHODS:Experimental iris neovascularization was induced in eight cynomolgus monkey eyes by occluding all the branch retina...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(97)30151-1
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To assess the status of choriocapillaris in eyes with macular atrophy secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AMD) (geographic atrophy [GA]) and Stargardt disease (STGD) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). DESIGN:Prospective, observational case series. PARTICIPANTS:A total of 14 pati...
journal_title:Ophthalmology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.05.041
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00