Protective effect of hydroxysafflor yellow A on dopaminergic neurons against 6-hydroxydopamine, activating anti-apoptotic and anti-neuroinflammatory pathways.

Abstract:

CONTEXT:Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) has been shown to have neuroprotective effects in cerebral infarction. However, its underlying roles in apoptosis and inflammation in Parkinson's disease (PD) are unknown. OBJECTIVE:The present study investigates the effects and underlying mechanisms of HSYA on dopaminergic (DA) neurodegeneration, inflammation, and apoptosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS:The PD model was established by 2 μL of 6-hyroxydopamine (6-OHDA) (3 μg/μL) striatal injection in C57BL/6J mice with different doses of HSYA (2, 4, or 8 mg/kg). In vitro, after being treated with HSYA for 1 h, SH-SY5Y cells were exposed to 6-OHDA for 24 h before analysis. Expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in substantia nigra (SN) and corpus striatum (STR) was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blot. In addition, apoptosis-related and inflammatory proteins were examined by western blot. RESULTS:Administration of HSYA significantly reduced the Apomorphine (APO)-induced rotation, decreased from 122.5 ± 15.1 (6-OHDA group) to 47.2 ± 14.3 (8 mg/kg HSYA group). HSYA partially restored a deficit in the SN and STR of PD mice brains in TH. Furthermore, western blot analysis revealed that HSYA reduced inflammatory proteins, including iNOS, COX-2 and NF-κB and attenuated the elevation of DA neuronal apoptosis observed in PD. In vitro assays showed that HSYA reduced the levels of p-p38 and p-JNK and increased that of p-ERK in 6-OHDA-leisoned SH-SY5Y cells. CONCLUSIONS:These findings indicate that HSYA protects against 6-OHDA induced DA neurodegeneration partly by regulating the MAPK inflammatory signalling pathway and apoptosis which highlight its therapeutic potential in the treatment of PD.

journal_name

Pharm Biol

journal_title

Pharmaceutical biology

authors

Yang X,Li Y,Chen L,Xu M,Wu J,Zhang P,Nel D,Sun B

doi

10.1080/13880209.2020.1784237

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-12-01 00:00:00

pages

686-694

issue

1

eissn

1388-0209

issn

1744-5116

journal_volume

58

pub_type

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