Abstract:
:Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in low- and middle-income countries, where living conditions promote spread of group A β-haemolytic streptococcus. Autoimmune reactions due to molecular mimicry of bacterial epitopes by host proteins cause acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and subsequent disease progression to RHD. Despite knowledge of the factors that predispose to ARF and RHD, determinants of the progression to valvular damage and the molecular events involved remain incompletely characterised. This review focuses on altered protein expression in heart valves, myocardial tissue and plasma of patients with RHD and pathogenic consequences on RHD. Proteins mainly involved in structural organization of the valve matrix, blood homeostasis and immune response were altered due to RHD pathogenesis. Study of secreted forms of these proteins may aid the development of non-invasive biomarkers for early diagnosis and monitoring outcomes in RHD. Valve replacement surgery, the single evidence-based strategy to improve outcomes in severe RHD, is costly, largely unavailable in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) and requires specialised facilities. When diagnosed early, penicillin prophylaxis may be used to delay progression to severe valvular damage. Echocardiography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance and the standard imaging tools recommended to confirm early diagnosis remain largely unavailable and inaccessible in most LMIC and both require expensive equipment and highly skilled persons for manipulation as well as interpretation of results. Changes in protein expression in heart valves and myocardium are associated with progressive valvular deformation in RHD. Understanding these protein changes should shed more light on the mechanisms of pathogenicity, while secreted forms of these proteins may provide leads towards a biomarker for non-invasive early detection of RHD.
journal_name
Heart Fail Revjournal_title
Heart failure reviewsauthors
Lumngwena EN,Skatulla S,Blackburn JM,Ntusi NABdoi
10.1007/s10741-020-09993-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-07-11 00:00:00eissn
1382-4147issn
1573-7322pii
10.1007/s10741-020-09993-1pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome associated with a significant morbidity and mortality burden. Reductions in left ventricular (LV) function trigger adaptive mechanisms, leading to structural changes within the LV and the potential development of dyssynchronous ventricular activation. This is the substrate ...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-018-9734-8
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Right ventricular (RV) diastolic dysfunction was first reported as an indicator for the assessment of ventricular dysfunction in heart failure a little over two decades ago. However, the underlying mechanisms and precise role of RV diastolic dysfunction in heart failure remain poorly described. Complexities in the str...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-015-9472-0
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stem cell therapy is a promising approach to the treatment of ischemic heart disease via replenishing cell loss after myocardial infarction. Both preclinical studies and clinical trials have indicated that cardiac function improved consistently, but very modestly after cell-based therapy. This mainly attributed to low...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-016-9576-1
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In addition to functional alterations, heart failure has a structural basis as well. This concerns all components of the cardiac myocytes as well as the extracellular space. Proteins of the cardiomyocyte can be subdivided in 5 different categories: 1) Contractile proteins including myosin, actin, tropomyosin and the t...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1023/A:1009813621103
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading causes of death, and the majority of these deaths are associated with cardiovascular diseases. Development and progression of myocardial infarction leading to heart failure is much more complex and multifactorial in diabetics compared with non-diabetics. Despite significant adva...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-010-9172-8
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sympathetic-parasympathetic interaction plays a major role in the evolution and outcome of many cardiovascular disorders. Nonetheless, a thorough understanding of this relationship and of its potential implications for prognosis and management still escapes many cardiologists. This article reviews the background of sy...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-010-9179-1
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is substantial causal and consequential interaction between the ever-growing heart failure and renal failure patients. Half of the patients with heart failure (HF) have preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (HFpEF), which is difficult to diagnose and rising in prevalence relative to HF with reduced EF (HF...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-017-9619-2
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::End-stage systolic heart failure is an increasingly common problem in elderly patients and is associated with high cost, poor quality of life, and poor outcomes. Mechanical circulatory support is a promising therapy as both a bridge to transplantation and destination therapy. Elderly patients are frequently ineligible...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-012-9298-y
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome caused by a decline in cardiac systolic or diastolic function, which leaves the heart unable to pump enough blood to meet the normal physiological requirements of the human body. It is a serious disease burden worldwide affecting nearly 23 million patients. The concept that he...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10741-018-9713-0
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autophagy plays a critical and seemingly dual-purposed role in cardiomyocytes, being implicated as a mechanism of both cellular survival, for example, during ischemia/reperfusion injury and a mechanism of cell death at stages in which progressive myocyte alterations are beyond repair. This review aims to highlight the...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-009-9137-y
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aminopeptidase N (APN) or CD13 is a conserved type II integral membrane zinc-dependent metalloprotease in the M1 family of ectoenzymes. APN is abundant in the kidneys and central nervous system. Identified substrates include Angiotensin III (Ang III); neuropeptides, including enkephalins and endorphins; and homones, i...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-007-9061-y
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pathophysiology of heart failure (HF) is characterized by an abnormal activation of neurohumoral systems, including the sympathetic nervous and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone systems, which have long-term deleterious effects on the disease progression. Perpetuation of this neurohumoral activation is partially d...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-014-9427-x
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The heart consumes huge amounts of energy to fulfil its function as a relentless pump. A highly sophisticated system of energy generation based on flexibility of substrate use and efficient energy production, effective energy sensing and energy transfer ensures function of the healthy heart across a range of physiolog...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-012-9359-2
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genomic mechanisms of mineralocorticoid action have been increasingly elucidated over the past four decades. In renal epithelia, the main effect is an increase in sodium transport through activation and de novo synthesis of epithelial sodium channels. This leads to increased concentrations of intracellular sodium acti...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-005-2347-z
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Heart transplantation has become an acceptable treatment in pediatric patients with end-stage heart disease and complex congenital heart disease. The liberalization of recipient eligibility criteria, mainly age, along with the expansion of the donor pool has resulted in the acceptable transplantation of ol...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1011406022657
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 which binds and enters the host cells through the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)2. While the potential for benefit with the use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi) and the risks from sto...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-020-10022-4
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aging population with hypertension and coronary artery disease is rapidly increasing worldwide and develops heart failure (HF). A wide range of pharmacotherapeutic drugs are recommended in the HF management guidelines. For the most part, these recommendations are based on the results of studies in the younger popu...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-011-9282-y
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have reported superiority of mechanistic target-of-rapamycin (mTOR) antagonists (mTA) over calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) as part of maintenance immunosuppression (IS) in mitigating cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) after heart transplantation (HT). MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched through October 20...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-020-09967-3
更新日期:2020-05-18 00:00:00
abstract::According to previous epidemiological studies, we can reduce the thickness of epicardial fat and improve cardiovascular risk factors through exercise, and the changes may depend on the form of exercise. We systemically reviewed published studies that evaluated exercise intervention on epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) l...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-020-09965-5
更新日期:2020-05-16 00:00:00
abstract::Although several risk factors including hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, coronary artery disease, and diabetes are known to result in heart failure, elderly subjects are more susceptible to myocardial infarction and more likely to develop heart failure. This article is intended to discuss that cardiac dysfunction in...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-011-9278-7
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anemia is common in Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) and is associated with an increased mortality, morbidity and progressive renal failure. The most common causes of the anemia in CHF are (1) the associated Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), which causes depression of erythropoietin (EPO) production in the kidney, and (2) e...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-010-9194-2
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent cardiovascular outcome trials have highlighted the propensity of the antidiabetic agents, SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2is or -flozin drugs), to exert positive clinical outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease at risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Of interest in cardiac diabetology is the ph...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-020-09996-y
更新日期:2020-06-24 00:00:00
abstract::Heart failure (HF) is the leading cause of hospitalization in the USA. Despite advances in pharmacologic management, the incidence of HF is on the rise and survivability is persistently reduced. Sympathetic overdrive is implicated in the pathophysiology of HF, particularly HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Ta...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-018-9680-5
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::B-Type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is elevated in states of increased ventricular wall stress. BNP is most commonly used to rule out congestive heart failure (CHF) in dyspneic patients. BNP levels are influenced by age, gender and, to a surprisingly large extent, by body mass index (BMI). In addition, it can be elevated...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-007-9002-9
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is well established that cardiac remodeling plays a pivotal role in the development of heart failure, a leading cause of death worldwide. Meanwhile, sympathetic hyperactivity is an important factor in inducing cardiac remodeling. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of beta-adrenoceptor signaling pathways would hel...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-013-9417-4
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::There was a mistake in Prof. Giuseppe Massimo Claudio Rosano's affiliation. ...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1007/s10741-020-10000-w
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite therapeutic advances, patients with worsening heart failure (HF) requiring hospitalization have unacceptably high post-discharge mortality and re-admission rates soon after discharge. Evidence suggests a hypercoagulable state is present in patients with HF. Although thromboembolism as a direct consequence of H...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-012-9343-x
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The spectrum of ischemic heart diseases, encompassing acute myocardial infarction to heart failure, represents the leading cause of death worldwide. Although extensive progress in cardiovascular diagnoses and therapy has been made, the prevalence of the disease continues to increase. Cardiac regeneration has a promisi...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-020-09953-9
更新日期:2020-04-18 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is a procedure widely used in daily clinical activity to investigate cardiac and pulmonary disorders. Peak oxygen consumption (VO2 peak) is the most validated and clinically accepted parameter used to report aerobic capacity in healthy individuals and in different clinical setti...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-013-9403-x
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sympathetic nervous system provides the most powerful stimulation of cardiac function, brought about via norepinephrine and epinephrine and their postsynaptic beta-adrenergic receptors. More than 30 years after the first use of practolol in patients with heart failure beta blockers are now the mainstay of the phar...
journal_title:Heart failure reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s10741-008-9132-8
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00