Role of innate host defenses in susceptibility to early-onset neonatal sepsis.

abstract：:Many aspects of the forward propulsion of enteral nutrients are not fully mature in the preterm and term neonate. Because the regulation of motor activity in the gastrointestinal tract is complex and multifaceted, many levels of regulation of this activity are immature in the preterm infant; however, as neonatologists...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Berseth CL

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glomerular disorders in infancy can include nephrotic and nephritic syndromes. Congenital nephrotic syndrome (CNS) is most commonly caused by single gene mutations in kidney proteins, but may also be due to congenital infections or passive transfer of maternal antibodies that target kidney proteins. Prenatal findings ...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Rheault MN

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The American Academy of Pediatrics supports the feeding of human milk for all infants. Very-low-birth-weight and extremely low-birth-weight infants especially can benefit from the immune and neurodevelopmental effects of human milk. However, human milk alone is nutritionally inadequate for the rapid growth of the very...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Adamkin DH,Radmacher PG

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Decades of research have led to the understanding of neonatal pulmonary physiology and have influenced the clinical care that neonatologists provide to the sick newborn. Advances in microprocessor technology have allowed for clinical access of the research-based measurements of neonatal pulmonary functions. These eval...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Bhutani VK,Sivieri EM

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article explains the mechanisms underlying choices of pharmacotherapy for hypoxic-ischemic insults of both preterm and term babies. Some preclinical data are strong enough that clinical trials are now underway. Challenges remain in deciding the best combination therapies for each age and insult. ...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Juul SE,Ferriero DM

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Administrative data research on maternal racial disparities supports 2 broad clinical inferences. First, failure to rescue in terms of both death and severe maternal morbidity likely accounts for a significant proportion of maternal disparities. Second, risk for adverse outcomes by race is generally differential with ...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Friedman A

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two different care procedures are presented to raise the difficult question of whether we should completely reevaluate our paradigms of care in the perinatal period. In this thorough review, should we continue to use the same framework of beliefs in deciding on the benefits and risks of any care procedure? ...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Kennell JH,Klaus MH

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are various causes for frequent desaturations in infants. Frequent hypoxemia is a significant change in clinical status and must be investigated carefully for possible etiology. When common extra-airway causes for desaturation are ruled out, one should attempt to distinguish between central apnea and obstructive...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Spitzer AR

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diabetic pregnancies involve complex alterations in maternal-placental and fetal compartments. This article discusses the unique features of diabetic pregnancies as they pertain to the maternal changes that must occur to accommodate the fetus. ...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Hollingsworth DR

更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Billions of dollars are spent yearly in perinatal medicine on studies designed to improve outcomes for mothers and their neonates. However, implementing research findings is challenging and imperfect. Strategies for implementation must be multifaceted and comprehensive. These implementation challenges extend to, and a...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Manuck TA,Fry RC,McFarlin BL

更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ultrasonography has increasingly become essential in the practice of obstetrics and gynecology. Its antenatal use is well described in the literature and is a continuing subject of study. However, the use of ultrasonography in the labor and delivery suite has not been the subject of many articles. The purpose of this ...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Benito CW,Guzman ER,Vintzileos AM

更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Every diagnostic test causes additional cost if not additional risk. The cost and risk are justified if the test result is likely to change what is done for patients. This includes a diagnostic test that does not alter therapy but provides important prognostic information for the parents. Whether the test result chang...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Moyer VA,Kennedy KA

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The fetal environment is thus well suited for normal growth and development with oxygen availability exceeding oxidative needs. With impairments in blood gas exchange this excess oxygen acts as a "margin of safety," providing for the maintenance of oxidative metabolism through increases in fractional O2 extraction, al...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Richardson BS

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dysphagia and aspiration are commonly encountered problems in the neonatal population. It is often multifactorial in nature and management should be tailored to the individual patient. Multiple causes should be considered, including anatomic abnormalities, neurologic/developmental delay, cardiopulmonary disease/infect...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Raol N,Schrepfer T,Hartnick C

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple pregnancies represent a state of magnified nutritional requirements, resulting in a greater nutrient drain on maternal resources and an accelerated depletion of nutritional reserves. Maternal weight gain to 20 weeks and between 20 and 28 weeks has the greatest effect on birthweight in twin and triplet pregnan...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Luke B

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The increased vulnerability of late preterm infants is no longer a novel concept in neonatology, with many studies documenting excess morbidity and mortality in these infants during the birth hospitalization. Because outcomes related to gestational age constitute a continuum, it is important to analyze data from the g...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Kuzniewicz MW,Parker SJ,Schnake-Mahl A,Escobar GJ

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To understand medical disorders such as obstructive apnea, or pulmonary aspiration, one must understand the many functions performed by the upper airway. These functions include respiration, airway protection at the face, feeding, and regulation of thoracoabdominal pressure. The neuromuscular mechanisms that perform t...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Thach BT

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Periviable birth carries a high risk of fetal and newborn death, and the potential for life-long complications in survivors. The family at risk for periviable birth should receive objective, accurate, and up to date information regarding fetal, newborn, and maternal risks and outcomes with delivery or with continued p...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Mercer BM

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Because of the high frequency, serious sequelae, and complex and costly management, neonatal jaundice is a good candidate for preventive treatment. In this respect the clinical problem of neonatal jaundice has many similarities with the problem of hemorrhagic disease of the newborn. Both conditions are transient pecul...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Valaes TN,Harvey-Wilkes K

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Preterm births remain a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality despite our efforts over the past several decades. Our improved understanding of the complex mechanisms surrounding preterm labor, however, has resulted in the development of numerous biologic and clinical predictors of spontaneous preterm births....

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Lu GC,Goldenberg RL

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nutritional support of gastrointestinal growth and function is an important consideration in the clinical care of neonatal infants. In most health infants, the provision of either breast milk or formula seems to support normal intestinal mucosal growth, but the most significant advantages of breast milk may be for...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Burrin DG,Stoll B

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Late preterm neonates have unique susceptibilities to infection. The closed setting of the neonatal ICU (NICU) and the immunologic immaturity of premature infants set the state for the development of nosocomial infections. This article discusses infections that might be seen in this population and gives options for di...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Benjamin DK Jr,Stoll BJ

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ischemic perinatal stroke (IPS) occurs in 1 of 2300 to 5000 live births. It is an under-recognized cause of significant long-term disabilities, including hemiplegic cerebral palsy, epilepsy, cognitive delays, and behavioral impairments. The pathophysiology is complex and multifactorial, involving maternal, fetal, plac...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Barnette AR,Inder TE

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Based on the authors' review of the literature on pediatric postoperative pain assessment with special attention to groups of vulnerable infants, this article (1) reports on type of surgery and its relationship to postoperative pain intensity; (2) reviews the characteristics of existing postoperative pain instruments ...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： van Dijk M,Peters JW,Bouwmeester NJ,Tibboel D

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Twins have higher rates of perinatal mortality, prematurity and its complications, low birth weight, intrauterine growth retardation, congenital anomalies, and long-term developmental morbidity. Monozygotic twins have lower birth weights and higher rates of congenital anomalies than dizygotic twins, which suggests tha...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： McCulloch K

更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the past, all women with a family history of breast or ovarian cancer were considered to be at increased risk of cancer themselves. The discovery of BRCA1 and BRCA2 demonstrated that susceptibility to breast and ovarian cancer can be inherited by women as a single-gene autosomal dominant disorder. For such women, e...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Frank TS,Critchfield GC

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The care of extremely premature infants involves a number of complex clinical and ethical issues. The ethical and scientific quality of decisions made in the care of these infants has profound long-term consequences for these infants and their families. In circumstances when it is unclear whether intensive care should...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Tyson JE,Stoll BJ

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Staphylococci are common pathogens in the neonatal period. Increased survival of premature infants leads to prolonged hospital stay with associated risk factors for developing invasive staphylococcal disease. Challenges of diagnosing coagulase-negative staphylococcal infections result in conflicting definitions and in...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Blanchard AC,Quach C,Autmizguine J

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is estimated that 4 million children die each year of vaccine-preventable diseases and another 4 million are permanently disabled. Although vaccination is the most cost-effective health method, there is a discrepancy between our level of knowledge and practices applied. Vaccination of pregnant women provides the mo...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Linder N,Ohel G

更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When cystic hygroma is detected antenatally, the prognosis is usually poor, and intrauterine or neonatal death are common. This seems especially true for Turner syndrome (the largest etiologic group associated with cystic hygroma) and the lethal multiple pterygium syndromes. However, some fetuses with Turner syndrome,...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Edwards MJ,Graham JM Jr

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00