Abstract:
:Heme is an essential cofactor for numerous cellular functions, but release of free heme during hemolysis results in oxidative tissue damage, vascular dysfunction, and inflammation. Macrophages play a key protective role in heme clearance; however, the mechanisms that regulate metabolic adaptations that are required for effective heme degradation remain unclear. Here we demonstrate that heme loading drives a unique bioenergetic switch in macrophages, which involves a metabolic shift from oxidative phosphorylation toward glucose consumption. Metabolomic and transcriptional analysis of heme-loaded macrophages revealed that glucose is funneled into the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), which is indispensable for efficient heme detoxification and is required to maintain redox homeostasis. We demonstrate that the metabolic shift to the PPP is controlled by heme oxygenase-dependent generation of carbon monoxide (CO). Finally, we show that PPP upregulation occurs in vivo in organ systems central to heme clearance and that PPP activity correlates with heme levels in mouse sickle cell disease (SCD). Together, our findings demonstrate that metabolic adaptation to heme detoxification in macrophages requires a shift to the PPP that is induced by heme-derived CO, suggesting pharmacologic targeting of macrophage metabolism as a novel therapeutic strategy to improve heme clearance in patients with hemolytic disorders.
journal_name
Bloodjournal_title
Bloodauthors
Bories GFP,Yeudall S,Serbulea V,Fox TE,Isakson BE,Leitinger Ndoi
10.1182/blood.2020004964subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-09-24 00:00:00pages
1535-1548issue
13eissn
0006-4971issn
1528-0020pii
461034journal_volume
136pub_type
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