Abstract：
:Neural transplantation has emerged as a possible therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD). Clinical studies performed during the 1990s, where dopaminergic neurons derived from the human embryonic brain were transplanted into striatum of patients with PD, provided proof-of-principle that long-lasting therapeutic benefits can be achieved. Subsequent studies, in particular two that followed a double-blind, sham surgery, placebo-control design, showed variable and mostly negative results. They also revealed that some patients develop involuntary movements, so called graft-induced dyskinesias, as side effects. Thus, while nigral transplants clearly work well in select PD cases, the technique needs refinement before it can successfully be performed in a large series of patients. In this review, we describe the clinical neural transplantation trials in PD and the likely importance of factors such as patient selection, trial design, preparation of the donor tissue, and surgical techniques for successful outcome and avoiding unwanted side effects. We also highlight that it was recently found that neuropathological signs typical for PD can appear inside some of the grafted neurons over a decade after surgery. Finally, we discuss future possibilities offered by stem cells as potential sources of dopamine neurons that can be used for transplantation in PD.
journal_name
Prog Brain Resjournal_title
Progress in brain researchauthors
Brundin P,Barker RA,Parmar Mdoi
10.1016/S0079-6123(10)84014-2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-01-01 00:00:00pages
265-94eissn
0079-6123issn
1875-7855pii
S0079-6123(10)84014-2journal_volume
184pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Traumatic brain injury (TBI) research to date has focused almost exclusively on the pathophysiology of injured neurons with very little attention paid to non-neuronal cells. However in the past decade, exciting discoveries have challenged this century-old view of passive glial cells and have led to a reinterpretation ...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(06)61005-4
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vasopressin (VP) is one of the principal neurotransmitters of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). By means of anatomical, physiological and electrophysiological techniques we have demonstrated that VP containing pathways from the SCN serve to affect neuroendocrine and 'autonomic' neurons in the paraventricular nucleus....
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)61581-2
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the "Histology of the Nervous System" (Histologie, Spanish edition, 1899, 1904; French translation, 1909, 1911; all citations are from the American translation, 1995) Cajal did not only describe the origins and central pathways of cranial nerves but his detailed observations led him to numerous conclusions about th...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(02)36036-9
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this chapter is to review recent literature describing how developments in cognition may contribute to age-related changes in emotional processes, specifically emotion regulation and emotion perception. In general, older adults are more likely than young adults to report feeling positive. Prominent conceptu...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2019.02.007
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This chapter reviews research that focuses on the effects of emotionality of single words, and of simple phrases, on event-related brain potentials when these are presented visually in various tasks. In these studies, presentation of emotionally evocative language material has consistently elicited a late (c. 300-600 ...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(06)56009-1
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies on the visual thalamic relays, the lateral geniculate nucleus and pulvinar, provide three key properties that have dramatically changed the view that the thalamus serves as a simple relay to get information from subcortical sites to cortex. First, the retinal input, although a small minority (7%) in terms of n...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(05)49009-3
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The quantitative autoradiographic method with L-(35S)methionine was applied to investigate the effect of chronic dehydration on rates of protein synthesis in circumventricular organs (CVOs). Water deprivation for 1, 2 and 3 days causes progressive increases of protein synthesis in the subfornical organ (SFO), the area...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)62363-8
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Spinal cord injury (SCI) typically damages the long axonal tracts of the spinal cord which results in permanent disability. However, regeneration of the injured spinal cord is approaching reality according to the advances in stem cell biology. Cell transplantation therapy holds potential to lead to recovery following ...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2016.12.007
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human evolution was marked by an extraordinary increase in total brain size relative to body size. While it is certain that increased encephalization is an important factor contributing to the origin of our species-specific cognitive abilities, it is difficult to disentangle which aspects of human neural structure and...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-53860-4.00011-8
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of endogenous metabolites of the neuropeptide vasopressin (VP) in behavioural tests led to the hypothesis that VP metabolites have a more selective function than VP. In contrast to VP, no peripheral effects have been found thus far with VP metabolites and their function seems to be associated with memory-r...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)61591-5
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute intermittent hypoxia (AIH) triggers a form of respiratory plasticity known as long-term facilitation (LTF), which is manifested as a progressive increase in respiratory motor activity that lasts for minutes to hours after the hypoxic stimulus is removed. Respiratory LTF has been reported in numerous animal model...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-63488-7.00011-2
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In our overview, we will attempt to justify the use of animal models and suggest that it is the only way to make the successive transitions between changes occurring at the molecular and cellular levels and changes at the level of behaviour in the intact organism. We will also stress the importance of criteria that ha...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(07)00016-7
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In mammals, the circadian system is composed of the central clock in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei and of peripheral clocks that are located in other neural structures and in cells of the peripheral tissues and organs. In adults, the system is hierarchically organized so that the central clock provides the o...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-59427-3.00005-8
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The arts can provide unique ways for determining how people not directly involved in medicine were viewing and informing others about physical and mental disorders. With operas, one need only think about how various perturbations of madness have been portrayed. Somnambulism has long been a particularly perplexing diso...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2014.11.015
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Puerperal psychosis, an episode of mania or psychosis precipitated by childbirth follows approximately one in 1000 deliveries. The evidence of clinical, outcome and genetic studies supports the hypothesis that the majority of puerperal psychotic episodes are manifestations of an affective disorder diathesis with a pue...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(01)33024-8
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Immunoreactive oxytocin (OXT) detected in extracts of human coeliac ganglia and nn. vagi was characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). HPLC/RIA examinations demonstrated that a major part of the immunoreactive material in both investigated areas co-eluted with a reference synthetic OXT, but in th...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)62321-3
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Polyamine oxidase (PAO) is a FAD-dependent enzyme with a molecular mass of about 62 kDa, present with high activity in most tissues of vertebrates. Structural requirements of a substrate for PAO are two positively charged amino groups, separated by a short carbon chain and an alkyl substituent on one or both nitrogen ...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)61229-7
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This chapter reviews four key issues that must be addressed to advance our knowledge of control of head movement by the central nervous system (CNS). (1) Researchers must consider how the CNS utilizes the multiple muscle patterns that can produce the same head movement in carrying out tasks in an optimal way. (2) More...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(03)43035-5
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using alternatively labelled (-)-deprenyl (3H label in the ring and 14C in the propargyl group) the distribution of the compound was studied in 15 brain regions and the plasma of rats over a period of 96 h, after oral administration of 1.5 mg/kg of (-)-deprenyl. The compound is rapidly absorbed (within 15-30 min) from...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)61211-x
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cellular and ionic mechanisms that generate the rhythm in central pattern generator (CPG) networks for simple movements are not well understood. Using vertebrate locomotion, respiration and mastication as exemplars, I describe four main principles of rhythmogenesis: (1) rhythmogenic ionic currents underlie all CPG...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-53613-6.00014-9
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When an object partially or completely disappears behind an occluding surface, a representation of that object persists. For example, fragments of no longer visible objects can serve as an input into mid-level constructive visual processes, interacting and integrating with currently visible portions to form perceptual...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2017.07.010
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While a basic locomotor rhythm is centrally generated by spinal circuits, descending pathways are critical for ensuring appropriate anticipatory modifications of gait to accommodate uneven terrain. Neurons in the motor cortex command the changes in muscle activity required to modify limb trajectory when stepping over ...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(03)43025-2
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The study of chimeric retinas has yielded insight on the early development of retina. The close match in chimerism ratios between right and left retinas is significant and supports the idea that both retinas originate from a common population of progenitors. We are able to estimate numbers of progenitor cells that con...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)62528-5
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The interactions of the dendritically released neuropeptides vasopressin and oxytocin with co-released neuroactive substances such as opioids and nitric oxide are reviewed. Endogenous opioids regulate magnocellular neurons at the level of the supraoptic nucleus and the relationship of dendritically released peptides a...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(02)39021-6
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This contribution reviewed the available evidence on the domain-specific and domain-general neurocognitive determinants of children's arithmetic development, other than nonsymbolic numerical magnitude processing, which might have been overemphasized as a core factor of individual differences in mathematics and dyscalc...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2016.04.001
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This chapter provides evidence of spatial and temporal changes in the behavior of neurons within Areas 5 and 4 of the sensorimotor cortex of a nonhuman primate while it was executing a perturbed arm-reaching task. Chronically implanted electrode arrays were used to record simultaneously from 37 to 58 neurons. Also mea...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(03)43045-8
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Early intervention and environmental optimization have been central to management of Down syndrome (DS) and much of current treatment is still focused in strategies that involve early education plans. This approach has provided significant improvements for Down syndrome but it is not providing a full success. The disc...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2019.11.001
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The fundamental obstacle to neuroprostheses based on penetrating microstimulation is the tissue's response to the device insertion and to the application of the electrical stimulation. Our long-term goal is to develop multichannel microstimulation of central nervous tissue for clinical therapy. The overall objective o...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-53815-4.00011-X
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primates are endowed with a brain about twice the size that of a mammal with the same body size, and humans have the largest brain relative to body size of all animals. This increase in brain size may be related to the acquisition of higher cognitive skills that permitted more complex social interactions, the evolutio...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-53860-4.00001-5
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this chapter, the distribution of Hsp70 in brain cell types following whole body hyperthermia is reviewed. The prevalence of Hsp70 expression in oligodendrocytes, microglia, and vascular cells in this type of stress contrasts with scarcity of Hsp70 induction in astrocytes and most neurons of the hyperthermic brain....
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(06)62020-7
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
