Abstract:
:Traumatic injury to the peripheral and central nervous systems very often causes axotomy, where an axon loses connections with its target resulting in loss of function. The axon segments distal to the injury site lose connection with the cell body and degenerate. Axotomized neurons in the periphery can spontaneously mount a regenerative response and reconnect to their denervated target tissues, though this is rarely complete in humans. In contrast, spontaneous regeneration rarely occurs after axotomy in the spinal cord and brain. Here, we concentrate on the mechanisms underlying this spontaneous regeneration in the peripheral nervous system, focusing on events initiated from the axon that support regenerative growth. We contrast this with what is known for axonal injury responses in the central nervous system. Considering the neuropathy focus of this special issue, we further draw parallels and distinctions between the injury-response mechanisms that initiate regenerative gene expression programs and those that are known to trigger axon degeneration.
journal_name
Brain Resjournal_title
Brain researchauthors
Smith TP,Sahoo PK,Kar AN,Twiss JLdoi
10.1016/j.brainres.2020.146864subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-08-01 00:00:00pages
146864eissn
0006-8993issn
1872-6240pii
S0006-8993(20)30220-1journal_volume
1740pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
BRAIN RESEARCH文献大全abstract::In a recent study in the tiger salamander, Ambystoma tigrinum, were demonstrated topographic patterns of responsivity across the olfactory epithelium which were characteristic for each odorant. The present study was initiated to investigate whether these patterns remain constant when odorant concentration is varied. O...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(84)90562-6
更新日期:1984-04-16 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, the neuromodulatory effects of progesterone were tested in an intact neuronal circuit of a model extrahypothalamic CNS area. Spontaneous discharge and responses of single cerebellar Purkinje neurons to microiontophoretically applied gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate were monitored before, dur...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(87)90634-2
更新日期:1987-01-06 00:00:00
abstract::Respiration related units ( RRU ) were recorded in the brainstem of cats with spinal transection at the C7-Th 1 level and breathing N2O. The proportion of RRU in several structures was compared in control and in 3 experimental groups: (1) paralyzed with gallamine triethiodide; (2) vagotomized; and (3) both vagotomized...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(84)90790-x
更新日期:1984-05-07 00:00:00
abstract::Vasopressinergic structures were examined within the magnocellular nuclei of the human basal forebrain. Vasopressinergic neurons were found in all parts of the diagonal band nucleus, and less frequently in the anteromedial subnucleus of the basal nucleus (Meynert). They belong to the group of large multipolar neurons,...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(90)90678-5
更新日期:1990-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Anterograde and retrograde axonal tracing methods have been combined with transection of the stria terminalis to investigate the centrifugal afferent connections of the accessory olfactory bulb in the mouse. Injection of tritiated proline into the postero-medial cortical amygdaloid nucleus (C3) gives rise to anterogra...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(82)90803-4
更新日期:1982-08-12 00:00:00
abstract::A series of ballistic, unidirectional arm movements were studied to evaluate the electromyographic (EMG) and neuromuscular force patterns that occur when a limb is unexpectedly perturbed. Multiple training trials were continued with a control load spring attached to the apparatus until a pre-specified criterion for le...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(85)90741-3
更新日期:1985-09-23 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanisms responsible for the rate of rise (RR) of cumulative depolarization induced by dorsal root stimulus trains were investigated with intracellular recordings from motoneurones of the rat isolated spinal cord. The NMDA receptor antagonists CPP or APV depressed the cumulative depolarization but not its RR whi...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(96)00997-3
更新日期:1996-11-04 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of diazepam, nitrazepam, clonazepam, and Ro5-4864 on transient (type I) and long-lasting (type II) calcium channels associated with low-affinity benzodiazepine receptors were investigated using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Clonazepam (100 microM), a specific agonist for the central-type benzodiaze...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(93)90991-u
更新日期:1993-03-26 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of intracerebroventricular administration of low-antinociceptive doses of selective mu- (DAMGO) or delta- (DPDPE) opioid agonists on the dose-dependent antinociceptive effects produced by intrathecal administration of sequentially increasing doses of selective mu-, delta-, or kappa-(U50,488H) opioid agonist...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(92)91449-o
更新日期:1992-11-06 00:00:00
abstract::Endogenous opioid systems (i.e. opioids and opioid receptors) play a role in regulating neural development. Using the cerebellar cortex of 6-day-old rats, the most potent opioid peptides involved with cell proliferation were assessed. In both the external germinal (granule) layer (EGL), a germinative matrix giving ris...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(91)91585-o
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A cluster of trigeminal nociceptive neurons was located in the lateral sulcus on the upper bank of the frontoparietal operculum in a region bordering between cortical areas SII and 7b. These neurons were isolated in cortical cell layers IV and V-VI. All nociceptive neurons responded exclusively to noxious mechanical s...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(89)90375-2
更新日期:1989-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of neonatal dopamine depletion on activity levels and locomotor patterns were tested in rats at 4 months of age. Measurements were taken using an activity pattern monitor. The lesioned group was significantly hypoactive in comparison to the control animals during the initial exposures to the monitor. Exami...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(94)91637-3
更新日期:1994-05-09 00:00:00
abstract::Endogenous opioids play a role in the regulation of LH-RH neurosecretion throughout the estrous cycle and during the preovulatory LH surge on proestrus. Experimental evidence suggests that opioid influence may be altered with age, and it has been hypothesized that these alterations may contribute to the loss of regula...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(93)91717-7
更新日期:1993-01-22 00:00:00
abstract::Neurons with intrinsic pacemaker activity and presumed sympathoexcitatory function were recorded in rat tissue slices within the confines of the rostroventrolateral reticular nucleus (RVL). These cells were excited in dose-dependent fashion by arginine vasopressin (AVP, 10(8)-10(6) M) but not by oxytocin (up to 10(7) ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(89)90909-8
更新日期:1989-07-17 00:00:00
abstract::The excitability of the axonal terminals of medial septal neurons projecting to the dentate gyrus has been studied in the anesthetized rat under various experimental conditions: spontaneous or drug-induced variations in neuronal soma discharge rate, conditioning stimulation of afferent pathways (perforant path, commis...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(87)90966-8
更新日期:1987-08-18 00:00:00
abstract::Field potentials preceding vocalization were recorded with electrodes chronically implanted on the surface and at 2.0-3.0 mm depth in various cortical areas in three monkeys. Surface-negative, depth-positive (s-N, d-P) slow potentials prior to vocalization were recorded in the premotor (including the Broca's homology)...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(95)00797-t
更新日期:1995-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::Glutamate carboxypeptidase II may modulate excitatory neurotransmission through the catabolism of the neuropeptide N-acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG) and possibly other endogenous peptide substrates. To investigate the molecular properties of cloned human GCP II (hGCP II), we analyzed the NAAG-hydrolytic activity convey...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(98)00244-3
更新日期:1998-06-08 00:00:00
abstract::Several studies have demonstrated in the past that endogenous opioid peptides and opioid receptors may be involved as mediators of brain tissue growth and function in the neonate. Applying histological and autoradiographic methods, we have examined the effect of the mu-receptor-specific antagonist, naltrexone, on the ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(89)90515-5
更新日期:1989-05-08 00:00:00
abstract::Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) mediated signals in the central nervous system (CNS) influence many functions associated with energy metabolism. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the central effect of GRP on glucose metabolism in the male rat. Intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of GRP cause...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2015.08.040
更新日期:2015-11-02 00:00:00
abstract::Brain capillaries form a selective interface, the blood-brain barrier (BBB), between the neural parenchyma and the blood. The factors which regulate this interface are poorly understood. Both the iris and retina possess vascular beds that express some BBB characteristics; therefore, they provide attractive models to f...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(93)91323-k
更新日期:1993-12-03 00:00:00
abstract::Male guinea pigs were given 3 tests for sexual behavior. Animals that never ejaculated were classified as low activity (LA), animals that ejaculated on one test were classified as medium activity (MA), and animals that ejaculated on two or more tests were classified as high activity (HA). Subsequently, animals from ea...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(76)90929-x
更新日期:1976-03-19 00:00:00
abstract::The radioprotective thiophosphate S-2(3 amino-propyl-amino) phosphorothioic acid (WR 2721) induced an early reduction of striatal acetylcholinesterase activity followed by an increase, when intraperitoneally injected to rats, although it does not cross the blood-brain barrier. These results were obtained using an orig...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(93)90788-o
更新日期:1993-04-09 00:00:00
abstract::The current study assessed the influence of excitotoxic lesions of the insular cortex (IC) on taste-potentiated odor aversion (TPOA) learning. Water-deprived rats initially received a single odor-toxicosis or odor/taste-toxicosis pairing and were subsequently tested, in separate trials, with the odor and the taste sti...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2009.08.051
更新日期:2009-11-10 00:00:00
abstract::The human neostriatum was found to contain large neurons (maximum diameter: 30-40 microns) that stain intensely for acetylcholinesterase (AChE). These neurons are few in number, representing less than 5% of the total striatal neuronal population, and appear uniformly scattered throughout the caudate nucleus and putame...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(84)90663-2
更新日期:1984-01-16 00:00:00
abstract::The existence of multiple brain melanocortin receptor types has been postulated, based on the complex pharmacology of intracerebrally administered melanocortin (melanocyte-stimulating hormone-related) peptides. In this study, this hypothesis was tested by determining whether different brain melanocortin receptor popul...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(94)91434-6
更新日期:1994-01-28 00:00:00
abstract::The intra-axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) has been used to trace the nodose ganglion and brain stem projections of a physiologically distinct nerve - the aortic depressor nerve - following electrophysiological identification. Tetramethyl benzidine (TMB) has been used as the substrate for demonstrating...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(80)90553-3
更新日期:1980-04-21 00:00:00
abstract::Exercise has been shown to influence learning and memory. Most studies were performed with a voluntary running paradigm (e.g. running wheel) in mice. However, such effects of exercise on learning and memory are less well demonstrated using a forced running paradigm (e.g. treadmill). The present study was designed to e...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2006.07.023
更新日期:2006-10-03 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence is presented for the occurrence of a unique opiate alkaloid-selective, opioid peptide-insensitive binding site in N18TG2 mouse neuroblastoma cells and in late passage hybrid F-11 cells, derived from N18TG2 neuroblastoma cells and rat dorsal root ganglion cells. Those cells lacked classical opioid peptide-sens...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(94)91500-8
更新日期:1994-12-26 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of perinatal androgen exposure on the sexually dimorphic distribution of serotonin (5-HT)-immunoreactive fibers in the medial preoptic nucleus (MPN) of the rat was evaluated with an indirect immunohistochemical method. Female animals treated with testosterone propionate (TP) perinatally, postnatally or with...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(85)90777-2
更新日期:1985-08-05 00:00:00
abstract::Transplantation of fetal substantia nigra into the brain can alleviate some of the manifestations of animal models of Parkinson's disease. The purpose of the present experiment was to determine the optimal embryonic donor age for solid tissue substantia nigra grafts. Rats with unilateral substantia nigra lesions were ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(90)90652-r
更新日期:1990-10-15 00:00:00