Abstract:
:Metarhizium robertsii is a fungus with two lifestyles; it is a plant root symbiont and an insect pathogen. A spontaneously phenotypically degenerated strain of M. robertsii strain ARSEF 2575 (M. robertsii lc-2575; lc = low conidiation) showed a reduction in conidiation and fungal virulence after successive subculturing on agar medium. In order to recover conidiation, we experimentally passaged M. robertsii lc-2575 through plant (soldier bean and switchgrass) root or insect (Galleria mellonella) larvae. After five passages, the resultant strains had significantly increased conidial yields on agar and increased virulence in insect bioassays. Concomitantly, DNA methyltransferase, MrDIM-2 expression was downregulated in BR5 (a strain after 5 bean root passages) and isolates after switchgrass and insect passages. Bisulfite sequencing showed little difference in overall genomic DNA methylation levels (~ 0.37%) between M. robertsii lc-2575 and BR5. However, a finer comparison of the different methylated regions (DMRs) showed that DMRs of BR5 were more abundant in the intergenic regions (69.32%) compared with that of M. robertsii lc-2575 (33.33%). The addition of DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, 5-azacytidine, to agar supported the role of DNA methyltransferases and resulted in an increase in conidiation of M. robertsii lc-2575. Differential gene expression was observed in selected DMRs in BR5 when compared with M. robertsii lc-2575. Here we implicated epigenetic regulation in the recovery of conidiation through the effects of DNA methyltransferase and that plant passage could be used as a method to recover fungal conidiation and virulence in a phenotypically degenerated M. robertsii. KEY POINTS: • Passage of Metarhizium through plant root or insect results in increased conidiation. • DNA methyltransferase is downregulated after host passage. • Bisulfite sequencing identified potentially methylated genes involved in conidiation.
journal_name
Appl Microbiol Biotechnoljournal_title
Applied microbiology and biotechnologyauthors
Hu S,Bidochka MJdoi
10.1007/s00253-020-10628-6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-06-01 00:00:00pages
5371-5383issue
12eissn
0175-7598issn
1432-0614pii
10.1007/s00253-020-10628-6journal_volume
104pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Myo-inositol is important for Streptomyces growth and morphological differentiation. Genomic sequence analysis revealed a myo-inositol catabolic gene cluster in Streptomyces coelicolor. Disruption of the corresponding genes in this cluster abolished the bacterial growth on myo-inositol as a single carbon source. The t...
journal_title:Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00253-014-6368-1
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Hitherto the production of the biopolymer cyanophycin (CGP) using recombinant Escherichia coli strains and cheap mineral salts medium yielded only trace amounts of CGP (<0.5%, w/w) of the cell dry matter (CDM). This was probably due to the instability of the plasmids encoding the cyanophycin synthetase. M...
journal_title:Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00253-010-2899-2
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A flocculent Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain with the ability to express both the LAC4 (coding for beta-galactosidase) and LAC12 (coding for lactose permease) genes of Kluyveromyces marxianus was constructed. This recombinant strain is not only able to grow on lactose, but it can also ferment this substrate. To our kn...
journal_title:Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002530051441
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Corynebacterium glutamicum, a high GC content gram-positive soil bacterium in Actinobacteria, has been used for the industrial production of amino acids and engineered to produce various compounds, including polymer building blocks and biofuels. Since its genome sequence was first published, its versatile metabolic pa...
journal_title:Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00253-015-7074-3
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The first two steps in xylose metabolism are catalyzed by NAD(P)H-dependent xylose reductase (XR) (EC 1.1.1.21) and NAD(P)-dependent xylitol dehydrogenase (XDH) (EC 1.1.1.9), which lead to xylose-->xylitol-->xylulose conversion. Xylitol has high commercial value, due to its sweetening and anticariogenic properties, as...
journal_title:Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00253-004-1612-8
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we demonstrated that anaerobic granular sludge could be successfully transformed into aerobic granular sludge in a continuous up-flow reactor in 45 days. An aerobic microbial community successfully developed in the granules and high organic matter and nitrogen removal performance was achieved. Under an ...
journal_title:Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00253-017-8491-2
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The behavior of Streptomyces peucetius var. caesius N47 was studied in a glucose limited chemostat with a complex cultivation medium. The steady-state study yielded the characteristic constants mu (max) over 0.10 h(-1), Y (XS) 0.536 g g(-1), and m(S) 0.54 mg g(-1) h(-1). The product of secondary metabolism, epsilon-rh...
journal_title:Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00253-006-0607-z
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The process of nitrification has the potential for the in situ bioremediation of halogenated compounds provided a number of challenges can be overcome. In nitrification, the microbial process where ammonia is oxidized to nitrate, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) are key players and are capable of carrying out the biod...
journal_title:Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00253-010-2454-1
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A comprehensive understanding of genotype-phenotype links in bacteria is the primary theme of bacterial functional genomics. Transposon sequencing (Tn-seq) or its equivalent methods that combine random transposon mutagenesis and next-generation sequencing (NGS) represent a powerful approach to understand gene function...
journal_title:Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00253-015-7037-8
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A recombinant oleate hydratase from Lysinibacillus fusiformis converted ricinoleic acid to a product, whose chemical structure was identified as the novel compound 10,12-dihydroxystearic acid by gas chromatograph/mass spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared, and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. The reaction condi...
journal_title:Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00253-013-4728-x
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many different organic compounds may be converted by microbial biotransformation to high-value products for the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. This review summarizes the use of strains of Aspergillus niger, a well-known filamentous fungus used in numerous biotechnological processes, for biochemical transforma...
journal_title:Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00253-015-6765-0
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The transport of glucose by the solventogenic anaerobe Clostridium acetobutylicum was investigated. Glucose phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)-dependent phosphotransferase system (PTS) activity was detected in extracts prepared from cultures grown on glucose and extract fractionation revealed that both soluble and membrane com...
journal_title:Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00253-006-0679-9
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aldolases are a specific group of lyases that catalyze the reversible stereoselective addition of a donor compound (nucleophile) onto an acceptor compound (electrophile). Whereas most aldolases are specific for their donor compound in the aldolization reaction, they often tolerate a wide range of aldehydes as acceptor...
journal_title:Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00253-006-0422-6
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polyunsaturated fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6, n-3), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5, n-3), and arachidonic acid (ARA, 20:4 n-6), have multiple beneficial effects on human health and can be used as an important ingredient in dietary supplements, food, feed and pharmaceuticals. A variety of microorganis...
journal_title:Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00253-013-5114-4
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two compost piles were prepared, using two ventilation systems: forced ventilation and ventilation through mechanical turning. The material to compost was a mixture of orange waste, olive pomace, and grass clippings (2:1:1 v/v). During the composting period (375 days), samples were periodically taken from both piles, ...
journal_title:Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00253-012-4202-1
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Determining spatiotemporal gene expression and analyzing knockout mutant phenotypes have become powerful tools in elucidating the function of genes; however, genetic approaches for simultaneously inactivating a gene and monitoring its expression have not been reported in the literature. In this study, we designed a du...
journal_title:Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00253-014-6209-2
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Actinobacteria, a large group of Gram-positive bacteria, secrete a wide range of extracellular enzymes involved in the degradation of organic compounds and biopolymers including the ubiquitous aminopolysaccharides chitin and chitosan. While chitinolytic enzymes are distributed in all kingdoms of life, actinobacteria a...
journal_title:Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00253-018-9149-4
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A cDNA fragment encoding the A catalytic domain of the Neocallimastix frontalis endoxylanase XYN3 was amplified and cloned by the polymerase chain reaction technique. The xyn3A DNA fragment was inserted between the Saccharomyces cerevisiae phosphoglycerate kinase gene promoter and terminator sequences on a multicopy e...
journal_title:Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002530051510
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Process intensification and integration is crucial regarding an ever increasing pressure on manufacturing costs and capacities in biologics manufacturing. For virus production in perfusion mode, membrane-based alternating tangential flow filtration (ATF) and acoustic settler are the commonly described cell retention t...
journal_title:Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00253-020-10596-x
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mycorrhizal fungi belonging to the genus Tuber produce, after the establishment of a productive interaction with a plant host, hypogeous fruitbodies of great economic value known as ''truffles''. This review summarizes the state of art on life cycle, genetic, and biotechnological investigations of Tuber spp. The ascoc...
journal_title:Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00253-006-0519-y
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A gratuitous strain was developed by disrupting the GAL1 gene (galactokinase) of recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae harboring the antithrombotic hirudin gene in the chromosome under the control of the GAL10 promoter. A series of glucose-limited fed-batch cultures were carried out to examine the effects of glucose su...
journal_title:Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00253-004-1598-2
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genus Aspergillus is widely used for the production of plant cell wall polysaccharide-degrading enzymes. The range of enzymes purified from these fungi covers nearly every function required for the complete degradation of cellulose, xyloglucan, xylan, galacto(gluco)mannan and pectin. This paper describes the Asper...
journal_title:Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00253-002-1171-9
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intervention strategies for obesity are global issues that require immediate attention. The objective of this study was to assess the possibility that Clostridium butyricum and its potential components could reduce lipogenesis. Co-culture experiments of Caco-2 cells and 1 × 10(6), 1 × 10(7), and 1 × 10(8) CFU/ml of C....
journal_title:Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00253-014-5829-x
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The formation and activity of an As(III)-oxidising biofilm in a bioreactor, using pozzolana as bacterial growth support, was studied for the purpose of optimising fixed-bed bioreactors for bioremediation. After 60 days of continuous functioning with an As(III)-contaminated effluent, the active biofilm was found to be ...
journal_title:Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00253-007-1169-4
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial polyhedral organelles are extremely large macromolecular complexes consisting of metabolic enzymes encased within a multiprotein shell that is somewhat reminiscent of a viral capsid. Recent investigations suggest that polyhedral organelles are widely used by bacteria for optimizing metabolic processes. The d...
journal_title:Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00253-005-0295-0
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two enzymatic systems were developed for the efficient synthesis of glycoside products of α-mangostin, a natural xanthonoid exhibiting anti-oxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. In these systems, one-pot reactions for the synthesis of UDP-α-D-glucose and UDP-α-D-2-deoxyglucose were modi...
journal_title:Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00253-014-5947-5
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxygenases-based Escherichia coli whole-cell biocatalyst can be applied for catalysis of various commercially interesting reactions that are difficult to achieve with traditional chemical catalysts. However, substrates and products of interest are often toxic to E. coli, causing a disruption of cell membrane. Therefor...
journal_title:Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00253-012-4039-7
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) has been successfully used to enhance production of foreign proteins in several microorganisms including Escherichia coli. We compared the expression of an oxygen-dependent foreign protein, green fluorescent protein (GFP) under co-expression of VHb in two typical industrial E. coli strain...
journal_title:Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00253-002-1043-3
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::D-lactic acid is used as a monomer in the production of poly-D-lactic acid (PDLA), which is used to form heat-resistant stereocomplex poly-lactic acid. To produce cost-effective D-lactic acid by using all sugars derived from biomass efficiently, xylose-assimilating genes encoding xylose isomerase and xylulokinase were...
journal_title:Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00253-015-7016-0
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Currently, increasing attention cancer treatment has focused on molecularly targeted therapies and more recently on immunotherapies targeting immune checkpoints. However, even such advanced treatment may be ineffective. The reasons for this are sought, inter alia, in the human microbiome. In our intestines, there are ...
journal_title:Applied microbiology and biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00253-021-11125-0
更新日期:2021-01-25 00:00:00