Abstract:
:The influence of five antibiotics (netilmicin, ceftriaxone, cefepime, fleroxacin, and ciprofloxacin) on capsular polysaccharide distribution and on opsonophagocytosis by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes of unencapsulated and encapsulated Escherichia coli strains was studied. Unencapsulated E. coli strains were readily opsonized in serum and easily ingested by polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and antibiotics did not further enhance the phagocytosis rates. In contrast, encapsulated bacteria were poorly opsonized in human serum, and phagocytosis was enhanced after overnight exposure to 0.5x the MICs of the antibiotics, with the exception of cefepime. Incubation of unencapsulated as well as encapsulated bacteria in complement-inactivated serum markedly reduced the bacterial uptake by polymorphonuclear leukocytes regardless of the presence of antibiotics. Slide agglutination assays, performed either with a monoclonal antibody for capsular polysaccharide or with an antiserum raised against the stable unencapsulated mutant E. coli O7:K-, showed reduction but not lack of the capsular polysaccharide of encapsulated E. coli O7:K1, and better exposure of subcapsular epitopes, after incubation with 0.5x the MICs of antibiotics. Flow cytometric analysis of encapsulated E. coli exposed to netilmicin, ciprofloxacin, and fleroxacin revealed that the reduction in capsular material was homogeneous among the bacterial population. Treatment with cefepime and ceftriaxone induced two populations of bacteria that differed in the amount of K antigen present. These results indicate that sub-MICs of netilmicin, ceftriaxone, fleroxacin, and ciprofloxacin influenced complement-mediated opsonization, probably due to changes in the capsular polysaccharide structure.
journal_name
Antimicrob Agents Chemotherjournal_title
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapyauthors
Raponi G,Keller N,Overbeek BP,Rozenberg-Arska M,van Kessel KP,Verhoef Jdoi
10.1128/aac.34.2.332subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-02-01 00:00:00pages
332-6issue
2eissn
0066-4804issn
1098-6596journal_volume
34pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The pharmacokinetics of a single 1-g intravenous dose of mezlocillin were examined in six functionally anephric patients undergoing hemodialysis. Hemodialysis clearance calculated by plasma extraction ratios across the dialyzer membrane and by dialysis fluid agree well, averaging 26 and 32 ml/min. Dialyzer extraction ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.20.5.590
更新日期:1981-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Linezolid is the first synthetic oxazolidone agent to treat infections caused by Gram-positive pathogens. Infected patients with liver dysfunction (LD) are more likely to suffer from adverse reactions, such as thrombocytopenia, when standard-dose linezolid is used than patients with LD who did not use linezolid. Curre...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00133-20
更新日期:2020-05-21 00:00:00
abstract::The density of the biofilm layer produced on a plastic surface by 23 clinical isolates and 1 reference strain of slime-positive, coagulase-negative staphylococci was measured following growth in subinhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of cefamandole or vancomycin ranging from 2 to 0.008 micrograms/ml. All strains were...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.34.3.390
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the correlation of mutations in the pyrazinamidase (PZase) gene (pncA) with the pyrazinamide (PZA) resistance phenotype with 60 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates. PZase activity was determined by the method of Wayne (L. G. Wayne, Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 109:147-151, 1974), and the entire pncA nucleotide se...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.44.9.2291-2295.2000
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Unlike most antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), the main mode of action of the subclass of proline-rich antimicrobial peptides (PrAMPs) is not based on disruption of the bacterial membrane. Instead, PrAMPs exploit the inner membrane transporters SbmA and YjiL/MdtM to pass through the bacterial membrane and enter the cytoso...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00534-18
更新日期:2018-07-27 00:00:00
abstract::Concomitant treatment of tuberculosis (TB) and HIV is recommended and improves outcomes. Bedaquiline is a novel drug for the treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB; combined use with antiretroviral drugs, nevirapine, or ritonavir-boosted lopinavir (LPV/r) is anticipated, but no clinical data from coinfected patient...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.03246-14
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We used the Tn10-encoded Tet repressor, which has a highly specific binding capacity for tetracycline, to probe contacts between the drug and protein by chemical interference studies of the antibiotic. For that purpose, the equilibrium association constants of modified tetracyclines with the Tet repressor and Mg2+ cat...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.35.8.1591
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fusidic acid (FA), which was approved in the 1960s in many European and Asian countries, has gained renewed interest due to its continued effectiveness against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus As rhabdomyolysis has been reported upon coadministration of FA with statins, we aimed to elucidate the underlying ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01335-16
更新日期:2016-09-23 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have shown that various short- and medium-chain free fatty acids (FFAs) and their corresponding monoacylglycerol esters (MGs) have antibacterial activity in vitro against primarily gram-positive bacteria. More recent studies have also shown that the growth of Helicobacter spp. is inhibited by linoleic...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.40.2.302
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sixteen clinical fungal isolates were tested for antibiotic susceptibility by using disks impregnated with growth medium and antibiotic. The procedure was easier to perform, less time consuming, and as reliable as other currently available methods. ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.9.6.1070
更新日期:1976-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ultrastructural alterations induced in vitro by ICI 195,739, a recently developed bis-triazole derivative with potent antiproliferative effects on Trypanosoma (Schizotrypanum) cruzi, are reported. On epimastigotes, the triazole at its minimum growth-inhibitory concentration (0.1 microM) produced immediately (withi...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.35.4.736
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antibiotic bleomycin stimulates deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis in toluene-treated Escherichia coli cells. The increase in synthesis is linear with bleomycin concentration. Bleomycin-stimulated DNA synthesis is independent of replication and dependent on DNA polymerase I. Replication is spared as the DNA pol...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.9.2.239
更新日期:1976-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report the emergence of five carbapenem-resistant K1 hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKP) strains which caused fatal infections in hospital patients in Zhejiang Province, China, upon entry through surgical wounds. Genotyping results revealed the existence of three genetically related strains which exhibited a...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02173-15
更新日期:2015-11-16 00:00:00
abstract::Four out of 143 phenotypically isoniazid-resistant but rifampin-susceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains that were isolated from patients in Germany in 2011 had mutations in the rifampin resistance-determining region of rpoB. After performing drug susceptibility testing (DST) with two methods, the proportion met...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01752-13
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutants of herpes simplex virus type 1, resistant to phosphonoformate (PFA) and phosphonoacetate (PAA), have been selected in cell culture. The PFA-resistant mutant (HSV-PFA(r)) and the PAA-resistant mutant (HSV-PAA(r)) were also resistant to PAA and PFA, respectively. This cross-resistance indicates that PFA and PAA ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.15.6.758
更新日期:1979-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Detailed analysis of the endogenous sterol content of purified Pneumocystis carinii preparations by gas-liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry suggested that this parasite can both synthesize de novo steroid skeletons (to produce delta7 sterols) and take them from the infected host (leading to delta5 stero...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.41.7.1428
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Resistance to β-lactam antibiotics is a frequent problem in Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. This resistance is mainly due to the hyperproduction of chromosomally encoded β-lactamase and biofilm formation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of β-lactamase in th...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01393-12
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nephrotoxicity is the primary adverse effect of the polymyxins. The relative rates of toxicity of polymyxin B and colistin have not been fully elucidated, especially in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). A retrospective cohort study of adults treated with polymyxin B or colistin for at least 48 h was conducted. The p...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02329-16
更新日期:2017-03-24 00:00:00
abstract::An in vitro investigation of the structure-activity profiles for a range of 9-anilinoacridines on drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum is reported. C-3, 6-diamino substitution, low lipophilicity, and high pKa values substantially increased the activities of the 9-anilinoacridines tested. There appeared to be no correl...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.37.3.403
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::On the basis of the antiviral action of sulfated polyanions in human immunodeficiency virus and other viral infections, we studied the effect of dextran sulfate and heparin on duck hepatitis B virus infection. These agents do not affect viral uptake and replication in liver cells in vitro or in vivo. Sulfated polyanio...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.35.11.2431
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Current treatments of disseminated infection caused by the Mycobacterium avium-M. intracellulare complex (MAC) are generally ineffective. Liposome-mediated delivery of antibiotics to MAC-infected tissues in vivo can enhance the efficacy of the drugs (N. Düzgüneş, V. K. Perumal, L. Kesavalu, J. A. Goldstein, R. J. Debs...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.36.12.2808
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The in vitro sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to atorvastatin and rosuvastatin was assessed using chloroquine-sensitive and chloroquine-resistant strains. Although atorvastatin was more potent, it had weak activity (mean 50% inhibitory concentration of > or = 17 microM) and an indifferent interaction with chloroqu...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01469-08
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the inhibitory activities of 10 polyether antibiotics on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1. These compounds caused concentration-dependent inhibition of HIV replication in primary infected cultures of human T-lymphoblastoid H9 cells. The ratio of 50% effective concentrations for cellular cytotoxici...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.36.2.492
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Standard antituberculosis (anti-TB) therapy requires the use of multiple drugs for a minimum of 6 months, with variable outcomes that are influenced by a number of microbiological, pathological, and clinical factors. This is despite the availability of antibiotics that have good activity against Mycobacterium tubercul...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.05208-11
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Here, we report on the anti-influenza virus activity of the mannose-binding agents, Hippeastrum hybrid agglutinin (HHA) and Galanthus nivalis agglutinin (GNA), and the (N-acetylglucosamine)n-specific Urtica dioica agglutinin (UDA). These carbohydrate-binding agents (CBA) strongly inhibited various influenza A(H1N1), A...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01732-20
更新日期:2020-12-07 00:00:00
abstract::Despite controversies associated with forms and value of antibiotic therapy for cystic fibrosis patients, antibiotherapy remains a cornerstone in the management of those patients. Locally administered liposome-encapsulated antibiotics may offer advantages over free antibiotics, including sustained concentration of the...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.40.3.665
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We determined the antibiotic susceptibilities of 1,785 enterococcal bloodstream isolates collected over 25 years. Antibiotic resistance emerged at a greater rate in Enterococcus faecium than in other enterococcal species, and E. faecium isolates became proportionally more common over time. Our findings confirm the pat...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.46.11.3676-3678.2002
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficacy of single-dose therapy with 3 g of cephalexin was evaluated in 129 women with symptoms of acute uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections. Of 91 patients with significant bacteriuria, 61 (67%) were cured of their original infection; this was similar to the 54 to 79% cure rates reported in unselected po...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.29.3.383
更新日期:1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A fluoroquinolone (FQ) resistance rate of 5.9% is reported in 205 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from patients presenting to field clinics in Karachi, Pakistan (2006 to 2009). FQ resistance among multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains was 11.1% (5/45), and it was 4.9% (5/103) in M. tuberculosis strains susceptible to ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00931-10
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In response to the need for rapid, inexpensive, high-throughput assays for antimycobacterial drug screening, a microplate-based assay which uses Alamar blue reagent for determination of growth was evaluated. MICs of 30 antimicrobial agents against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, M. tuberculosis H37Ra, and Mycobacter...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.41.5.1004
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00