Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been used for neuropsychiatric disorders in clinical and research settings for almost 50 years now. Recent evidence demonstrates some efficacy in treating obsessive-compulsive disorder and major depression in patients refractory to other treatment modalities beyond single case reports. This has led to a considerable surge of clinical and commercial interest in DBS for psychiatric indications. Because of the high vulnerability of psychiatric patients, the lack of extensive short- and long-term data about effectiveness and the rapid spread of questionable indications this new field in psychiatry requires ethical criteria that can be applied to both research and clinical decision-making. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS:We here present an evidence-based systematic ethical analysis of psychiatric DBS using the criteria of beneficence, nonmaleficence, and autonomy. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS:The proposed criteria are helpful in analyzing empirical evidence, informing research investigations and guiding clinical decision-making. This will prepare the ground for ethically justified, empirically comprehensive DBS in this highly vulnerable population and allow stringent future societal discussions about its legitimation.
journal_name
Brain Stimuljournal_title
Brain stimulationauthors
Synofzik M,Schlaepfer TEdoi
10.1016/j.brs.2010.03.002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-01-01 00:00:00pages
7-16issue
1eissn
1935-861Xissn
1876-4754pii
S1935-861X(10)00020-3journal_volume
4pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:Transcutaneous spinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS) is a new non-invasive technique to modulate spinal cord activity. The pathophysiological concept of primary RLS proposes increased spinal excitability. OBJECTIVE:This pilot study used tsDCS to reduce pathologically enhanced spinal excitability in RLS ...
journal_title：Brain stimulation
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brs.2014.06.008
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The Perturbational Complexity Index (PCI) was recently introduced to assess the capacity of thalamocortical circuits to engage in complex patterns of causal interactions. While showing high accuracy in detecting consciousness in brain-injured patients, PCI depends on elaborate experimental setups and offline...
journal_title：Brain stimulation
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brs.2019.05.013
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Movies and television (TV) programs are an important source of public information about ECT. OBJECTIVE:To narratively review the portrayal of ECT in international movies and TV programs from 1948 until present. METHODS:Several Internet movie databases and a database of phrases appearing in movies and TV pr...
journal_title：Brain stimulation
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.brs.2016.07.005
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Lesions of the angular gyrus (AnG) region of human parietal cortex do not cause amnesia, but appear to be associated with reduction in the ability to consciously experience the reliving of previous events. OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS:We used continuous theta burst stimulation to test the hypothesis that the cogni...
journal_title：Brain stimulation
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brs.2017.02.011
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive method increasingly popular for the treatment of several brain disorders, such as major depression. Despite great enthusiasm and promising results, some studies report discrepant findings and no consensus exists for the clinical use of tDCS. O...
journal_title：Brain stimulation
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brs.2017.03.012
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) significantly reduces infarct volume in rat models of cerebral ischemia, but the mechanism of this protective effect remains open. HYPOTHESIS:This study tested the hypothesis that non-invasive VNS (nVNS), during transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), protects the bl...
journal_title：Brain stimulation
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brs.2018.01.034
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Many individuals with language learning impairments exhibit temporal processing deficits and degraded neural responses to speech sounds. Auditory training can improve both the neural and behavioral deficits, though significant deficits remain. Recent evidence suggests that vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) paire...
journal_title：Brain stimulation
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brs.2017.01.007
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is often associated with memory deficits. Given the putative role for sleep spindles memory consolidation, spindle generators skewed toward the affected lobe in TLE subjects may be a neurophysiological marker of defective memory. Slow-oscillatory transcranial direct current stimu...
journal_title：Brain stimulation
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.brs.2015.01.410
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Previous work in the language domain has shown that 10 Hz rTMS of the left or right posterior inferior frontal gyrus (pIFG) in the prefrontal cortex impaired phonological decision-making, arguing for a causal contribution of the bilateral pIFG to phonological processing. However, the neurophysiological cor...
journal_title：Brain stimulation
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brs.2019.06.021
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:A prime objective driving the recent development of human neural prosthetics is to stimulate neural circuits in a manner time-locked to ongoing brain activity. The human supplementary motor area (SMA) is a particularly useful target for this objective because it displays characteristic neural activity just p...
journal_title：Brain stimulation
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brs.2018.03.003
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Theta burst stimulation (TBS) is a pattern of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation that has been demonstrated to facilitate or suppress human corticospinal excitability when applied intermittently (iTBS) or continuously (cTBS), respectively. While the fundamental pattern of TBS, consisting of bursts ...
journal_title：Brain stimulation
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brs.2013.12.007
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Non-invasive brain stimulation with transcranial alternating currents (tACS) has been shown to entrain slow cortical oscillations and thereby influence various aspects of visual perception. Much less is known about its potential effects on auditory perception. OBJECTIVE:In the present study, we apply a nove...
journal_title：Brain stimulation
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brs.2015.04.004
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) a strong, brief current pulse driven through a coil is used for non-invasively stimulating the cortex. Properties of the electric field (E-field) induced by the pulse together with physiological parameters determine the outcome of the stimulation. In research and cl...
journal_title：Brain stimulation
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brs.2015.01.004
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:A growing body of evidence suggests that deficits in GABAergic inhibitory and glutamatergic excitatory neurotransmission may be involved in the core pathophysiology of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), a disease characterized by pathological anxious worrying. The aim of the present study was to measure mot...
journal_title：Brain stimulation
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brs.2016.12.007
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Chronic severe tinnitus can be greatly detrimental to quality of life. Some authors have reported benefit of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, others of electrical cortical stimulation by stimulating the Heschl's gyrus or secondary auditory areas. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy of chronic el...
journal_title：Brain stimulation
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.brs.2014.05.008
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been proposed for stabilizing the antidepressant effect of sleep deprivation (SD) by preventing the relapse after a night of recovery sleep. In this study, we aimed to replicate these data coming from a small pilot study in a larger patient sample. MET...
journal_title：Brain stimulation
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.brs.2011.02.005
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been used to improve exercise performance, though the protocols used, and results found are mixed. OBJECTIVE:We aimed to analyze the effect of tDCS on improving exercise performance. METHODS:A systematic search was performed on the following databases, unt...
journal_title：Brain stimulation
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.227
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a burning oral sensation without any corresponding abnormal findings. In some cases, BMS is refractory to pharmacologic treatments. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over left prefrontal cortex induces analgesic effect in both acute and chronic pain. However,...
journal_title：Brain stimulation
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.brs.2015.10.005
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Direct stimulation of the vagus nerve in the neck via surgically implanted electrodes is protective in animal models of stroke. We sought to determine the safety and efficacy of a non-invasive cervical VNS (nVNS) method using surface electrodes applied to the skin overlying the vagus nerve in the neck in a m...
journal_title：Brain stimulation
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brs.2015.11.008
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) has seizure-suppressing effects but the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. To further elucidate the mechanisms underlying VNS-induced seizure suppression at a neurophysiological level, the present study examined effects of VNS on hippocampal excitability using dentate...
journal_title：Brain stimulation
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brs.2015.09.009
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Binge drinking, resulting in acute alcohol intoxication, is considered an initial step in developing alcohol use disorders (AUDs). It has been suggested that alcohol intoxication may act on mechanisms of neuroplasticity to produce brain changes that contribute to the pathophysiology of AUDs. However, the eff...
journal_title：Brain stimulation
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.brs.2015.08.011
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Non-invasive direct current stimulation (DCS) of the brain induces functional plasticity in vitro and facilitates motor learning across species. The effect of DCS on structural synaptic plasticity is currently unknown. OBJECTIVE:This study addresses the effects and the underlying mechanisms of anodal DCS on...
journal_title：Brain stimulation
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brs.2019.07.026
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Neuromodulation therapies are currently being investigated as potential treatments for depression. One of these treatments involves the stimulation of supraorbital branches of the trigeminal nerve. OBJECTIVE:To show that supraorbital stimulation is effective in preclinical models. METHODS:Rats were given s...
journal_title：Brain stimulation
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brs.2013.11.002
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Recent evidence suggests that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) may interact with the dopaminergic system to affect cognitive flexibility. Objective/hypotheses: We examined whether putative reduction of dopamine levels through the acute phenylalanine/tyrosine depletion (APTD) procedure and excit...
journal_title：Brain stimulation
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.brs.2019.08.016
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) paired with forelimb training drives robust, specific reorganization of movement representations in the motor cortex. The mechanisms that underlie VNS-dependent enhancement of map plasticity are largely unknown. The cholinergic nucleus basalis (NB) is a critical substrate in cor...
journal_title：Brain stimulation
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brs.2015.12.007
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Animal models of Parkinson's Disease (PD) demonstrated increased facilitatory cortico-striatal activity, reflecting overactive glutamatergic neurotransmission and contributing to the pathophysiology of l-dopa induced dyskinesias (LIDs). OBJECTIVE:To assess different facilitatory intracortical circuits in th...
journal_title：Brain stimulation
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brs.2019.06.012
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Dopamine agonist therapy and deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) are antiparkinsonian treatments that act on a different part of the basal ganglia-thalamocortical motor circuitry, yet produce similar symptomatic improvements. OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS:The purpose of this study was to id...
journal_title：Brain stimulation
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brs.2011.09.002
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is indicated for treatment-resistant epilepsy and depression. Electrophysiologic recordings in the rat brain have shown that VNS promptly increases the firing rate of NE neurons and subsequently that of 5-HT neurons. Thus far, it appears that the standard stimulation parameters ...
journal_title：Brain stimulation
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brs.2011.04.005
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Neuroimaging studies suggest that facial expression recognition is processed in the bilateral posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS). Our recent repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) study demonstrates that the bilateral pSTS is causally involved in expression recognition, although involveme...
journal_title：Brain stimulation
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brs.2020.04.011
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Abdominal bilateral vagal stimulation reduces food intake in animals. However, the classical square wave, mA range current generator is poorly effective to evoke action potentials on A∂ and C neurons that represent the majority of vagal neurons at the abdominal level. OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS:METHODS: The curre...
journal_title：Brain stimulation
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brs.2017.04.126
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
