Abstract：
:Subtelomeres are the regions at chromosome ends, immediately adjacent to the terminal telomeric repeats. The majority of human subtelomeres are CpG-rich in their distal two kilobases, and are methylated during early embryonic development by the de novo DNA methyltransferase DNMT3B. The biological relevance of subtelomeric DNA methylation is highlighted by the presence of promoters for the long non-coding TERRA transcripts in these CpG-rich regions. Indeed, deviant subtelomeric methylation has been linked with abnormal telomeric phenotypes, as most strikingly found in ICF syndrome. Here we review recent studies that explore new aspects of subtelomeric methylation regulation and demonstrate the significance of maintaining proper DNA methylation at the extreme distal human subtelomeric regions.
journal_name
Curr Opin Genet Devjournal_title
Current opinion in genetics & developmentauthors
Toubiana S,Selig Sdoi
10.1016/j.gde.2020.02.004subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-02-01 00:00:00pages
9-16eissn
0959-437Xissn
1879-0380pii
S0959-437X(20)30007-1journal_volume
60pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Differential gene expression gives rise to the many cell types of complex organisms. Enhancers regulate transcription by binding transcription factors (TFs), which in turn recruit cofactors to activate RNA Polymerase II at core promoters. Transcriptional regulation is typically mediated by distinct combinations of TFs...
journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gde.2016.12.007
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Subsets of patients with common cancers belong to families in which the predisposition is inherited in a regular Mendelian fashion. Genes underlying these cancers are now recognized in colorectal cancer (APC, mismatch repair genes, LKB1) and in breast cancer (BRCA1, BRCA2) whereas, in prostate cancer, a locus in chrom...
journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0959-437x(98)80085-3
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The definitive endoderm (DE) was first defined as the innermost germ layer found in all metazoan embryos. During development, it gives rise to a vast array of specialized epithelial cell types lining the respiratory and digestive systems, and contributes to associated organs such as thyroid, thymus, lungs, liver, and ...
journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gde.2012.05.002
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Individual susceptibility to cancer in humans is determined by complex interactions between germline genetic variation and levels of exposure to environmental carcinogens or tumour promoters. Only a small fraction of cancer susceptibility is inherited in a Mendelian manner (high-penetrance familial cancer), and most t...
journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0959-437x(03)00005-4
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Organogenesis depends upon a well-ordered series of inductive events involving coordination of molecular pathways that regulate the generation and patterning of specific cell types. Key questions in organogenesis involve the identification of the molecular mechanisms by which proteins interact to organize distinct pat...
journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gde.2009.09.002
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The initial human and chimpanzee genome sequences have been published, and additional primate genomes, including those of gorilla and orang-utan, are in progress. With these new resources, we can now address what makes our species unique, by focusing on the underlying genetic differences associated with phenotypes. Co...
journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gde.2006.09.003
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Significant advances in the field of hepatocyte-specific gene expression have been made during the past year. Several new transcription factors have been cloned and partially characterized. Analyses of the promoter regions of several factors have also been initiated and Drosophila homologs for two of these factors hav...
journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0959-437x(05)80282-5
更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A plethora of post-transcriptional mechanisms are involved in essential steps in the pathway of genetic information expression in eukaryotes. These processes are specified by cis-acting signals on RNAs and are mediated by specific trans-acting factors, including RNA-binding proteins and small complementary RNAs. Recen...
journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0959-437x(97)80148-7
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our understanding of how roots develop in soil may be at the eve of significant transformations. The formidable expansion of imaging technologies enables live observations of the rhizosphere micro-pore architecture at unprecedented resolution. Granular matter physics provides ways to understand the microscopic fluctua...
journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gde.2018.03.007
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Life-long neurogenesis is highly restricted to specialized niches in the adult mammalian brain and therefore the brain's capacity for spontaneous regeneration is extremely limited. However, recent work has demonstrated that under certain circumstances parenchymal astrocytes and NG2 glia can generate neuronal progeny. ...
journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gde.2015.07.004
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The circadian clock of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 is built on a three-protein central oscillator that can be reconstituted in vitro, a redox-sensitive input for synchronization with the environment, and a bacterial two-component signal transduction pathway for global transcriptional regulation...
journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gde.2010.09.002
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:TGFβ acts as a potent tumor suppressor and tumor promoter in a context dependent manner. Tumor suppressive functions include inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis and regulation of autophagy. As tumors develop they switch their response to TGFβ and utilise this factor as a potent promoter of cell mo...
journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gde.2010.12.004
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The advent of the genomics age has greatly facilitated the study of crop evolution. While full-scale genome sequencing projects are underway for just a handful of crop plants, recent years have witnessed a tremendous increase in the availability of DNA sequence data for virtually all major crops. Such resources have b...
journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gde.2007.09.003
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:What determines phenotype is one of the most fundamental questions in biology. Historically, the search for answers had focused on genetic or environmental variants, but recent studies in epigenetics have revealed a third mechanism that can influence phenotypic outcomes, even in the absence of genetic or environmental...
journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gde.2006.09.002
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Loss of cardiomyocytes from cardiovascular disease is irreversible and current therapeutic strategies do not redress the loss of myocardium after injury. The discovery that endogenous fibroblasts in the heart can be reprogrammed to cardiomyocyte-like cells after myocardial infarction and heart function is improved sub...
journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gde.2013.07.007
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One of the ways in which higher eukaryotes receive messages from the environment is via cell surface receptor tyrosine kinases. These are transmembrane proteins with an extracellular binding domain that specifies the growth factor with which it will interact, and an intracellular domain that encodes the tyrosine kinas...
journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0959-437x(94)90085-x
更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Genomic information from ancient human remains is beginning to show its full potential for learning about human prehistory. We review the last few years' dramatic finds about European prehistory based on genomic data from humans that lived many millennia ago and relate it to modern-day patterns of genomic variation. T...
journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gde.2016.09.004
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As immunotherapies to treat malignancy continue to diversify along with the tumor types amenable to treatment, it will become very important to predict which treatment is most likely to benefit a given patient. Tumor neoantigens, novel peptides resulting from somatic tumor mutations and recognized by the immune system...
journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gde.2014.12.003
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:More than 30 incurable neurological and neuromuscular diseases are caused by simple microsatellite expansions consisted of 3-6 nucleotides. These repeats can occur in non-coding regions and often result in a dominantly inherited disease phenotype that is characteristic of a toxic RNA gain-of-function. The expanded RNA...
journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gde.2017.01.005
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The advent of gene targeting in the mouse has led to rapid advances in the identification of factors controlling gene expression that are essential for normal hematopoietic development. Recent work has also uncovered roles for some of these factors in leukemogenesis and in the global regulation of chromatin structure....
journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0959-437x(99)00008-8
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC) is a multisubunit complex that connects the cytoskeleton of a muscle fiber to its surrounding extracellular matrix. Mutations in the DGC disrupt the complex and lead to muscular dystrophy. There are a few naturally occurring animal models of DGC-associated muscular dystrophy (...
journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0959-437x(02)00309-x
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Natural selection drives evolving populations up the fitness landscape, the projection from nucleotide sequence space to organismal reproductive success. While it has long been appreciated that topographic complexities on fitness landscapes can arise only as a consequence of epistatic interactions between mutations, e...
journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gde.2013.10.007
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Expansions of microsatellite DNA repeats contribute to the inheritance of nearly 30 developmental and neurological disorders. Significant progress has been made in elucidating the molecular mechanisms of repeat expansions using various model organisms and mammalian cell culture, and models implicating nearly all DNA t...
journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gde.2013.04.009
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cell-cell and starvation signals are funneled through the phosphorelay to initiate sporulation by activating the transcription regulator SpoOA. Activation of SpoOA leads to synthesis of the transcription factors sigmaF and sigmaE. Substantial advances have been made in our understanding of the signal circuitry of the ...
journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0959-437x(96)80080-3
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To understand organ morphogenetic mechanisms, it is essential to clarify how spatiotemporally-regulated molecular/cellular dynamics causes physical tissue deformation. In the case of vertebrate limb development, while some of the genes and oriented cell behaviors underlying morphogenesis have been revealed, tissue def...
journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gde.2017.04.005
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The recent discovery of self-splicing introns in cyanobacteria has given renewed interest to the question of whether introns may have been present in the ancestor of all living things. The properties of introns in genes of bacteria and bacteriophages are discussed in the context of their possible origin and biological...
journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0959-437x(05)80195-9
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The increasing availability of large-scale autosomal genetic variation data sampled from world-wide geographic areas, coupled with advances in the statistical methodology to analyse these data, is showcasing the power of DNA as a major tool to gain insights into the demographic history of humans and other organisms. H...
journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gde.2018.08.002
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The past few years have been significant advances in our understanding of eukaryotic genomes. In the field of parasitology, this is best exemplified by the application of genome mapping techniques to the study of genome structure and function in the protozoan parasite, Leishmania. Although much is known about the orga...
journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0959-437x(96)80024-4
更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Induction of pluripotency in somatic cells via ectopic expression of defined factors demonstrates the reversibility of developmental programming, thus serves as an ideal model to investigate the underlying principles of cell fate determination, which drives the differentiation of various cell types from an identical g...
journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gde.2020.05.016
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A detailed description of the cytoskeletal rearrangements that orchestrate bud formation is beginning to emerge from studies on yeast morphogenesis. In this review, we focus on recent advances in our understanding of how the timing of these rearrangements is controlled. Dramatic changes in cell polarity that occur in ...
journal_title：Current opinion in genetics & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0959-437x(95)90048-9
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
