Abstract:
:Yukon Territory (YT) is a remote region in northern Canada with ongoing spread of tuberculosis (TB). To explore the utility of whole genome sequencing (WGS) for TB surveillance and monitoring in a setting with detailed contact tracing and interview data, we used a mixed-methods approach. Our analysis included all culture-confirmed cases in YT (2005-2014) and incorporated data from 24-locus Mycobacterial Interspersed Repetitive Units-Variable Number of Tandem Repeats (MIRU-VNTR) genotyping, WGS and contact tracing. We compared field-based (contact investigation (CI) data + MIRU-VNTR) and genomic-based (WGS + MIRU-VNTR + basic case data) investigations to identify the most likely source of each person's TB and assessed the knowledge, attitudes and practices of programme personnel around genotyping and genomics using online, multiple-choice surveys (n = 4) and an in-person group interview (n = 5). Field- and genomics-based approaches agreed for 26 of 32 (81%) cases on likely location of TB acquisition. There was less agreement in the identification of specific source cases (13/22 or 59% of cases). Single-locus MIRU-VNTR variants and limited genetic diversity complicated the analysis. Qualitative data indicated that participants viewed genomic epidemiology as a useful tool to streamline investigations, particularly in differentiating latent TB reactivation from the recent transmission. Based on this, genomic data could be used to enhance CIs, focus resources, target interventions and aid in TB programme evaluation.
journal_name
Epidemiol Infectjournal_title
Epidemiology and infectionauthors
Guthrie JL,Strudwick L,Roberts B,Allen M,McFadzen J,Roth D,Jorgensen D,Rodrigues M,Tang P,Hanley B,Johnston J,Cook VJ,Gardy JLdoi
10.1017/S0950268820000072subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-02-04 00:00:00pages
e15eissn
0950-2688issn
1469-4409pii
S0950268820000072journal_volume
148pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A 10-month longitudinal household study of pre-school children and their families was undertaken with monthly visits collecting epidemiological data and nasopharyngeal swabs in Hertfordshire, England from 2001 to 2002. Pneumococcal culture was with standard methods. In total, 121 families (489 individuals) took part. ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268805004012
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Medico-legal death investigation systems have the potential to play an important role in disease surveillance. While these systems are in place to serve a public function, the degree to which they are independent of central government can vary depending on jurisdiction. How these systems use this independence may pres...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/S0950268810002840
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A recent resurgence in serious infections due to Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) has been observed in the United Kingdom. More information on Hib transmission in the population is required in order to better understand the mechanism of this increase. The Public Health Laboratory Service (subsumed into the Health P...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268804002122
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The distribution of the meningococcal insertion sequence IS1301 was analysed in 496 strains of different serogroups and clonal lineages of Neisseria meningitidis, and in 64 neisserial strains other than N. meningitidis. IS1301 was found in meningococci, but not in apathogenic Neisseria sp. and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. T...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268899003647
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eight cases of Salmonella senftenberg infection in infants were identified in the first half of 1995 in England, five were indistinguishable S. senftenberg strains. A case-control study showed an association between illness and consumption of one brand of baby cereal (P = 0.03). The cereal manufacturer reported isolat...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268897008546
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::From 2007 to 2010, the largest reported Q-fever epidemic occurred in the Netherlands with 4026 notified laboratory-confirmed cases. During the course of the epidemic, health-seeking behaviour changed and awareness among health professionals increased. Changes in laboratory workflows were implemented. The aim of this s...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268819000736
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although community-onset bloodstream infection (BSI) is recognized to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality, there is a paucity of population-based studies defining its overall burden. We conducted population-based laboratory surveillance for all community-onset BSI in the Calgary Health Region during 2000-2004....
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268806007631
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report on the first recorded outbreak of cholera in Namibia. From December 2006 to February 2007, more than 250 cases of cholera were reported from the Omusati and Kunene provinces of Namibia. However, only nine bacterial isolates were obtainable for analysis. Isolates were all identified as Vibrio cholerae O1 sero...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268807009685
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plague, which is most often caused by the bite of Yersinia pestis-infected fleas, is a rapidly progressing, serious disease that can be fatal without prompt antibiotic treatment. In late December 2007, an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis occurred in Nimroz Province of southern Afghanistan. Of the 83 probable cases of...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268810001792
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A dairy herd (77 cows) from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, with a history of tuberculosis infection was tested by a comparative cervical test (CCT). Seventeen cows were reactive and seven were inconclusive (swelling ≥ 2.0 mm and ≤ 3.9 mm, respectively). All of these 24 cows were slaughtered and necropsied ; samples from lung...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268812002105
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since the late 1990s, hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) has become a common health problem that mostly affects children and infants in Southeast and East Asia. Global climate change is considered to be one of the major risk factors for HFMD. This study aimed to assess the correlation between meteorological factors a...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268818003035
更新日期:2018-11-19 00:00:00
abstract::We analysed two large national surveys conducted in 2001 and 2008 to examine incidence and outcomes of gastroenteritis in older Australians. A case was someone reporting ≥3 loose stools or ≥1 episode of vomiting in 24 h, excluding non-infectious causes. We compared cases arising in the elderly (≥65 years) and in other...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268811002834
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe here an examination of the validity of molecular types of Campylobacter jejuni as defined by separation of SmaI-digested DNA using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), recently suggested as part of a molecular subtyping scheme. Thirty-four Danish strains from humans, water, poultry and cattle were assi...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268898008668
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Deterministic models were employed to investigate the biology of Trypanosoma evansi infection in the Indonesian buffalo. Models were fitted to two age-structured data sets of infection. The Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible (SIS) model was the best supported description of this infection, although the results of the an...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis (TB) poses a threat to public health due to its complicated, expensive and often unsuccessful treatment. A cluster of three XDR TB cases was detected among foreign medical students of a Romanian university. The contact investigations included tuberculin skin testing or int...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095026881800047X
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Surgical site infections (SSI) are a significant cause of post-surgical morbidity and mortality. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of SSI and identify risk factors for infections following cesarean section (CS). A prospective study of SSI after CS was carried out from January 2014 to Decemb...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268819001675
更新日期:2019-10-10 00:00:00
abstract::In 2005, a serological study was carried out on horses in five ecologically contrasted zones of the Senegal River basin (Senegal) to assess West Nile virus (WNV) transmission and investigate underlying environmental risk factors. In each study zone, horses were randomly selected and blood samples taken. A land-cover m...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095026881000035X
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Within-household transmission of Escherichia coli may contribute to the pathogenesis of urinary tract infection but understanding of transmission is limited by the lack of longitudinal data on individual shedding patterns. In this study, faecal E. coli was isolated over 6 months from 18 humans and 13 dogs in eight hou...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095026880900226X
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypermucoviscous (HV) isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae have been linked to virulence potential in experimental infections. We examined 33 isolates of K. pneumoniae from patients with bacteraemia for the HV phenotype on agar culture, and determined their virulence potential by screening for capsular (K) serotype by po...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268812000933
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::During June-August 2013, 25 US states reported 631 cyclosporiasis cases including Nebraska and Iowa where a regional investigation implicated common-source imported salad mix served in two chain restaurants. At least two common-origin growing fields were likely sources of contaminated romaine lettuce. Using producer- ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268815002320
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The introduction and the widespread use of the varicella vaccine in Taiwan has led to a 75-80% decrease in the incidence of varicella in children. However the vaccine's long-term impact on the incidence of herpes zoster (HZ) has attracted attention. By controlling gender, underlying diseases, and age effects, a Poisso...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268811001786
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The overuse of antibiotics and the rapid emergence of antibiotic resistance prompted the launch of an antimicrobial stewardship programme in 2011. This study aimed to investigate the trends and correlations between antibiotic consumption and resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in a tertiary hospital of northwest China...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268818003059
更新日期:2018-11-16 00:00:00
abstract::Among the known human rotavirus serotypes, types G1-G4 are ubiquitous and account for >80% of global human rotavirus strains. Since 1994 an increase in reports of G9 serotype isolates has been observed in both developed and developing countries. In the winter season of 1999-2000 we detected the appearance of G9 rotavi...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268803001602
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::SUMMARY This study assesses the contribution of different sources of human campylobacteriosis in Denmark using two different source-attribution approaches. In total, 794 non-human isolates and 406 isolates from human cases (domestic, travel related, and cases with unknown travel history) were collected. Isolates were ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268813002719
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::To examine work-related blood and body fluid exposure (BBFE) among health-care workers (HCWs), to explore potential risk factors and to provide policy suggestions, a 6-year retrospective study of all reported BBFE among HCWs (1998-2003) was conducted in a 430-bed teaching hospital in Australia. Results showed that BBF...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268805005212
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is concern that widespread usage of ertapenem may promote cross-resistance to other carbapenems. To analyse the impact that adding ertapenem to our hospital formulary had on usage of other broad-spectrum agents and on susceptibilities of nosocomial Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas isolates, we performed interr...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268811000082
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Travel is a risk factor for Legionnaires' disease. In 2008, two cases were reported in condominium guests where we investigated a 2001 outbreak. We reinvestigated to identify additional cases and determine whether ongoing transmission resulted from persistent colonization of potable water. Exposures were assessed by m...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268811002779
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis A virus was assessed in a Dutch nationwide sample (n = 7367). A questionnaire was used to study the association with various sociodemographic characteristics. Overall, 33.8% (95% CI 31.6-36%) of the population had hepatitis A antibodies. The seroprevalence was less than 10% in...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268899003842
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::SUMMARY Environmental samples are a cost-saving and easy-to-use approach to diagnose paratuberculosis at the herd level. Detailed knowledge concerning its uncertainties in herds with a low prevalence of Mycobacterium avium spp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is required to design sampling strategies in control programmes. Thi...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268814002465
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The drug susceptibility and genes responsible for the drug resistance of Vibrio cholerae O1 isolated in Vietnam in 1995, 2000 and 2002 were studied. The strains isolated in 1995 were resistant to streptomycin and harboured the class I integron which contained the aadA1 gene responsible for streptomycin resistance. The...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268804002596
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00