Abstract：
:Lung cancer can be diagnosed based on histologic biopsy or cytologic specimens. The 2015 World Health Organization Classification of Lung Tumors addressed the diagnosis of lung cancer in resection specimens and in small biopsies and cytology specimens. For these small specimens, diagnostic terms and criteria are recommended. Targetable mutations such as EGFR and ALK rearrangements emphasize the importance of managing these small specimens for molecular testing.
journal_name
Clin Chest Medjournal_title
Clinics in chest medicineauthors
Travis WDdoi
10.1016/j.ccm.2019.11.001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-03-01 00:00:00pages
67-85issue
1eissn
0272-5231issn
1557-8216pii
S0272-5231(19)30087-5journal_volume
41pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has become a major and growing health problem, with a mortality rate that continues to increase. Several factors, have been identified as individual predictors of mortality in COPD. This article reviews individual predictors for mortality. It also discusses the ability of a...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2007.05.002
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulmonary complications occur in 40% to 60% of recipients of bone marrow trans-plants, account for more than 90% of mortality, and develop during identifiable phases. Phase 1 (Days 1-30) includes pulmonary edema; diffuse alveolar hemorrhage; and various bacterial, fungal, and viral infections; Phase 2 (Days 31-100) us...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0272-5231(03)00121-7
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic lung diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and pulmonary hypertension (PH), are unusually prevalent among persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Often these disease states are identified at younger ages than would be expected in the general population. Recent epide...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2013.01.010
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Photodynamic therapy is an investigational treatment of various types of carcinoma. It involves a photosensitizing agent which, when exposed to light of the proper wavelength, forms toxic oxygen radicals that result in cell death. This article describes its current use in the management of bronchogenic carcinoma. ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:VAP is clearly associated with an increased mortality, principally because of virulent pathogens such as P. aeruginosa. Part of the increased mortality may be due to inadequacies of antibiotic therapy. Apparent failure of antibiotic therapy has many causes; some are related to deficiencies of the antibiotic therapy, b...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) and its targets are reviewed physiologically during sepsis and wound healing, a self-limiting process in which mechanisms are still identified incompletely. NO also plays an active and direct role during infection, aimed at protecting the host and destroying the microbe. During septi...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70318-x
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article reviews several important noninfectious pulmonary complications that threaten survival, pulmonary function, and quality of life after lung transplantation. Topics reviewed include primary graft dysfunction (PGD), native lung hyperinflation, anastomotic complications, phrenic nerve injury, pleural complica...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2005.06.006
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stents are used for palliation of symptoms of central airway obstruction caused by either malignant or benign conditions. Stents may be applied for maintaining airway patency after dilatation of postinflammatory and infectious strictures, for airway dehiscence after lung transplantation, and for the management of trac...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2009.08.002
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The authors' data show a higher rate of pleural and meningeal involvement among extrapulmonary TB cases than expected by previous works. Special attention should be given to tuberculous meningitis cases among all extrapulmonary TB cases because of its high mortality rate. The most common extrapulmonary involvement is ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(02)00002-3
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As parenchymal lung disease in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease becomes increasingly severe there is a diminishing prospect of drug therapies conferring clinically useful benefit. Lung volume reduction surgery is effective in patients with heterogenous upper zone emphysema and reduced exercise tolerance, and is p...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2013.10.011
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objectives of this article are to (1) understand how respiratory event definitions and syndrome threshold values affect prevalence estimates of obstructive sleep apnea in adults, (2) recognize important risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea in adults, and (3) understand current theories of the underlying mechan...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2010.02.011
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) is the most important cause of early morbidity and mortality following lung transplantation. PGD affects up to 25% of all lung transplant procedures and currently has no proven preventive therapy. Lung transplant recipients who recover from PGD may have impaired long-term function and a...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2011.02.007
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulmonary hypertension is a frequently encountered problem in older patients. True idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension can also be seen and requires careful exclusion in older patients. Institution of therapies must be tempered with an appreciation of individual comorbidities and functional limitations that may...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2007.08.006
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of nuclear magnetic resonance to produce diagnostic images of the human chest has just become possible. These images are computer-reconstructed maps of the distribution in tissue of protons and of some of their magnetic characteristics. The images are high resolution and anatomically accurate, are capable of d...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article summarizes the health effects of indoor air pollutants and the modalities available to control them. The pollutants discussed include active and passive exposure to tobacco smoke; combustion products of carbon monoxide; nitrogen dioxide; products of biofuels, including wood and coal; biologic agents leadi...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although a biopsy may need to be performed in complicated patients, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is an important adjunct to the diagnosis of pulmonary and disseminated fungal infections. Culture is the gold standard for diagnosis in many instances, but cytologic and morphologic analysis is often diagnostic. Although n...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2009.02.010
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The last decade has heralded a paradigm shift in the evaluation and treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). No longer are patients with NSCLC considered a homogeneous population treated in the same way; rather, clinical characteristics, histology, and an expanding array of molecular markers are incre...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2011.08.017
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article reviews the basic pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying the abnormal pulmonary gas exchange often seen in patients with cirrhosis. To summarize, the following keypoints seem appropriate: (1) Patients with cirrhosis have a low pulmonary vascular tone characterized by a poor or absent hypoxic pressor respo...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70298-7
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Continuous mechanical ventilation used for life support is accepted as standard practice in nearly every hospital in the United States today. The history of the evolution of techniques that we take virtually for granted today is fascinating. This article recounts some of the highlights in the development of modern-day...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cough is a complex physiologic event that protects the lungs from mechanical, chemical, and thermal injury. It is a normal reflex and therefore helps humans to adapt to an ever-changing environment. Cough can also be a pathologic reflex in that it may be an important and often the only sign of serious disease, may sig...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The long-term ventilated patient is at high risk for developing nosocomial pneumonia or tracheobronchitis. In general, the frequency of infection increases with the duration of mechanical ventilation, but the risk appears to be greatest in the first week of intubation. Although these types of infection are common and ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70026-5
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Early Goal-Directed Therapy versus Standard Care for Sepsis trial by Rivers and colleagues in 2001 suggested that a significant mortality reduction may be realized through goal-directed interventions early in the care of patients with septic shock. However, the recent publication of the Protocol-Based Care for Ear...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2016.01.016
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With the increasing threat of pandemic influenza and catastrophic bioterrorism, it is important for intensive care providers to be prepared to meet the challenge of large-scale airborne epidemics causing mass casualty respiratory failure. The severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak exposed the vulnerability of heal...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2008.01.001
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Available data show that Africa, together with the Americas and western and central Europe, reported the lowest prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). However, sub-Saharan Africa has a high TB incidence and the highest human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence in the world, and because of the hig...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2009.08.019
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pathogenesis of O2 toxicity involves intracellular production of partially reduced O2 metabolites, which increases with O2 partial pressure. Cytotoxic O2 metabolites impair enzyme function and inhibit DNA, protein, and surfactant lipid biosynthesis. Compounds used clinically that increase O2 metabolism or that are...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on experimental and clinical biomarkers of autoimmunity and aims to highlight important aspects of the immunologic evaluation of a patient with fibrotic lung disease. ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2019.06.002
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The older adult demonstrates several alterations in the ventilatory response to exercise relative to the young adult. These differences are primarily caused by the aging-induced loss of elastic recoil of the lung, which reduces expiratory airflow rates along the effort-independent portion of the maximal volitional flo...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The process of smoking cessation involves progression through five stages of change: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance. Most patients are not prepared to take action on their smoking, yet most smoking cessation programs are designed for smokers who are so prepared. Small percentages...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For clinicians involved in airway management, a plan of action for dealing with the difficult airway or a failed intubation should be developed well in advance of encountering a patient in whom intubation is not routine. When difficulty is anticipated, the equipment necessary for performing a difficult intubation shou...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Because there is insufficient cellular energy for organisms to perform their functions at the same constant rate and at the same time, all biologic processes show rhythmicity, each with its own unique frequency, amplitude, and phase. Optimal sleep and wakefulness requires proper timing and alignment of desired sleep-w...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2010.02.009
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
