Abstract:
:The scientific investigation of brains of different vertebrates, both extant and extinct, is of interest for several reasons: for translating medical research on rodent models into practice, for understanding the animals investigated in order to improve conservation and management strategies, and for understanding the evolution of the human brain. The African continent has vast resources that are incredibly valuable to this endeavor, including an enormous variety of extant species, as well as a rich fossil record covering human evolution and many aspects of vertebrate evolution. This paper briefly outlines the current situation in terms of collections in Africa, most of which are found in South Africa. It is hoped that these brief descriptions will increase international scientific interest in the available collections.
journal_name
Ann N Y Acad Scijournal_title
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciencesauthors
Manger PRdoi
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05948.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-05-01 00:00:00pages
E85-93eissn
0077-8923issn
1749-6632journal_volume
1225 Suppl 1pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The extensive literature and the work from our laboratory illustrate the large number of complex processes affected by estrogen that might contribute to the striking ability of 17-beta estradiol (E2) and its derivatives to inhibit clinical and histological signs of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mi...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1196/annals.1386.021
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Deployments of tear gas and pepper spray have rapidly increased worldwide. Large amounts of tear gas have been used in densely populated cities, including Cairo, Istanbul, Rio de Janeiro, Manama (Bahrain), and Hong Kong. In the United States, tear gas was used extensively during recent riots in Ferguson, Missouri. Whe...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/nyas.13141
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A recent study based on the SPoARC effect (spatial position association response codes) showed that culture heavily shapes cognition and more specifically the way thought is organized; when Western adults are asked to keep in mind a sequence of colors, they mentally organize them from left to right, whereas right-to-l...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/nyas.14499
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leukoplakia in the oral cavity has been used as a putative surrogate marker of head and neck cancer development. A class of chemoprevention compounds, called protease inhibitors, has been shown in vitro and in animal models to effectively suppress premalignant lesions. Bowman-Birk inhibitor (BBI) is a protease inhibit...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb02732.x
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The key pathologic mechanism in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the destruction of cartilage by fibroblasts. In a severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mouse model, this process can be modulated by gene transfer using invasive LS48 fibroblasts. This study aims to investigate the effect of interleukins (IL) -11 and -12 o...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1361.070
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A human T-T hybridoma was produced, which was a fusion product between and HGPRT-deficient T-cell line, Jurkat 3, and an OKT4+ activated peripheral blood T-cell. The hybrid expressed a receptor for IgM Fc and was negative for IgA Fc. It was shown to produce a factor capable of specifically enhancing IgA production and...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1983.tb26873.x
更新日期:1983-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::The risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease increases in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This is due to a number of different triggers including traditional and disease-related factors. Among established risk factors for CV disease, smoking may exert a more dangerous effect on arterial wall in RA than in the gene...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1196/annals.1422.038
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is well established for both rat and man that the total testosterone concentration within the testis is far higher than that in serum. We know for the rat that intratesticular testosterone can be reduced by 50-60% without an adverse effect on spermatogenesis but that the required intratesticular testosterone concen...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1336.023
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extracellular stress proteins including heat shock proteins (Hsps) and glucose-regulated proteins (Grps) are emerging as important mediators of intercellular signaling and transport. Release of such proteins from cells is triggered by physical trauma and behavioral stress as well as exposure to immunological "danger s...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,收录出版,评审
doi:10.1196/annals.1391.019
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A recent study showed a significant association between schizophrenia in European samples and the glutamate cysteine ligase modifier (GCLM) subunit gene, which is the key glutathione (GSH)-synthesizing enzyme. Since the symptoms of methamphetamine (METH)-induced psychosis are similar to those of schizophrenia, the GCL...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1432.022
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::As part of an ongoing randomized clinical trial for childhood-abuse-related PTSD, this study examined the association between PTSD and unresolved attachment as measured by the Adult Attachment Interview in a sample of 52 female childhood-abuse survivors. Results revealed that 55% of the sample was classified as preocc...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1196/annals.1301.036
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many studies have now indicated that micronutrients, such as the carotenoids, tocopherols, and ascorbic acid, can prevent mutagenesis, genotoxic effects, or malignant transformation in bacteria and mammalian tissue, either in cell culture or in organ culture. In addition, multiple papers report that some of these micr...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb39180.x
更新日期:1993-05-28 00:00:00
abstract::Management of gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma is a controversial topic. The rising incidence of this cancer requires a clear consensus to ensure proper management. Application of oncological principles for tumors of the esophagus or stomach is not possible because of comparative differences in the biolo...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/nyas.13954
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mesothelium is the simple squamous epithelium covering all abdominal organs and the coeloms in which those organs reside. While the structural characteristics of this cell type were documented a century ago, its potential in development, disease, and wound healing is only now becoming apparent. In the embryo, mesothel...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06713.x
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure to excessive levels of manganese, an essential trace element, can evoke severe psychiatric and extrapyramidal motor dysfunction closely resembling Parkinson's disease. The clinical manifestations of manganese toxicity arise from focal injury to the basal ganglia. This region, characterized by intense consumpt...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1196/annals.1306.010
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this paper is to review the advances in electromagnetic levitation techniques as tools for determination of the thermophysical properties of molten metals under standard gravity and microgravity conditions. We show that a combination of containerless processing and microgravity offers the exclusive poss...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb05903.x
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since the publication of Heinz Kohut's last book in 1984, "self psychology" has become much more diverse in its perspectives and even fragmented in its applications. Perhaps due in large part to Kohut's own inconsistencies and lack of clarity on certain major points of theory and technique, self psychology currently l...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.04340.x
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper presents a review of the publicly available knowledge base concerning turbine blade tip heat transfer, from the early fundamental research which laid the foundations of our knowledge, to current experimental and numerical studies utilizing engine-scaled blade cascades and turbine rigs. Focus is placed on hi...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb05843.x
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In response to tissue injury elicited by trauma or infection, the inflammatory response, as a complex network of molecular and cellular interactions, sets an answer directed to facilitate a return to physiological homeostasis and tissue repair. The role of the genetic background and the subsequent predisposition towar...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1196/annals.1395.010
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adult (3-month-old) and aged (28-month-old) rats that had been pretreated with 5,7-DHT in both lateral ventricles received grafts of cell suspensions taken from the RR or MR regions taken from the embryonic stages E12-21. These cell suspensions were implanted unilaterally into the rostral part of the hippocampus or th...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1987.tb23674.x
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease in which the beta cells in the pancreas are destroyed by the body's own immune system. IL12 plays a role in pathological situations, such as septic shock, tissue damage during inflammation, and organ-specific autoimmune diseases. In NOD mice, administration of I...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1288.057
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reactive oxygen species have been known to cause DNA damage and induce apoptosis. During DNA damage, DNA repair proteins Ku70 and Ku80 prevent cell death, but severe DNA damage beyond the repair capacity of the DNA repair proteins triggers necrosis or apoptosis. Recent reports have shown that NF-kappaB plays a critica...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1299.044
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::alpha-Melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) modulates all forms of inflammation by acting on peripheral inflammatory cells, glial inflammatory cells, and on CNS receptors that activate descending antiinflammatory neural pathways. The multiple actions of this ancient peptide suggest that there is no singular bioch...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08674.x
更新日期:1999-10-20 00:00:00
abstract::The number of physiologic and metabolic phenomena amenable to analysis using magnetic resonance (MR) techniques is increasing every year. MR techniques can now evaluate tissue parameters relevant to TCA cyclemetabolism, anerobic glycolysis, ATP levels, blood-brain barrier permeability, macrophage infiltration, cytotox...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb07828.x
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gypsy/Ty3 retrotransposons, a group of long terminal repeat retrotransposons related to vertebrate retroviruses, are found in the genome of many fungi, plants, and animals. Although multiple families of such retroelements are present in fish, active Gypsy/Ty3 retrotransposons have all been eliminated from the lineage ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05005.x
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enhancing the delivery of antisense and siRNA molecules to cells and tissues is a key issue for oligonucleotide therapeutics. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have the ability to convey linked "cargo" molecules into the cytosol; thus we have explored the use of CPPs as delivery agents for oligonucleotides. We have ext...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1348.011
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epithelial cell sheet formation is central to many aspects of vertebrate development and function. For example, it is a major principle of differentiation in embryogenesis and regeneration, enables the compartmentalization of tissues, and is the basis for the maintenance of homeostasis throughout the body. A key chara...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/nyas.13432
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The endocannabinoid system, through the cannabinoid receptor CB1, is involved in the modulation of adaptive responses to environmental conditions. However, little is known about the role of the cannabinergic system, particularly CB1 receptor expression, in relation to the effects induced by xenoestrogens concerning th...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04455.x
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Long-term exposure to cadmium (Cd) induces perturbation of kidney proximal tubular epithelial cells. Mitochondrial dysfunction in renal cortical cells may contribute to the pathogenesis of Cd-induced nephropathy. In this study, we examined the accumulation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) with a large deletion and cellula...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-3-662-41088-2_33
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Depressive disorders are associated with significant psychosocial impairment and disability. Depression should be thoroughly evaluated, as should current and past suicidality and potential risk factors for suicide. Mortality by suicide characterizes the course of major affective disorders in approximately 15% of those...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb05795.x
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00