Abstract:
:The prostate is a luminal secretory tissue whose function is regulated by male sex hormones. Castration produces involution of the prostate to a reversible basal state, and as the majority of prostate cancers also have a luminal phenotype, drug-induced castration is a front line therapy. It has therefore been assumed that the tumor arises from transformation of a luminal progenitor cell. Here, we demonstrate that a minority basal "cancer stem cell" (CSC) population persists in primary human prostate cancers, as in normal prostate, serving as a reservoir for tumor recurrence after castration therapy. While the CSCs exhibit a degree of phenotypic fluidity from different patients, the tumor-initiating cells in immunocompromised mice express basal markers (such as p63), but do not express androgen receptor (AR) or markers of luminal differentiation (PSA, PAP) when freshly fractionated from human tissues or following culture in vitro. Estrogen receptors α and β and AR are transcriptionally active in the transit amplifying (TA) cell (the progeny of SC). However, AR protein is consistently undetectable in TA cells. The prostate-specific TMPRSS2 gene, while upregulated by AR activity in luminal cells, is also transcribed in basal populations, confirming that AR acts as an expression modulator. Selected cells with basal phenotypes are tumor initiating, but the resultant tumors are phenotypically intermediate, with focal expression of AR, AMACR, and p63. In vitro differentiation experiments, employing lentivirally transduced SCs with a luminal (PSA-probasin) promoter regulating a fluorescent indicator gene, confirm that the basal SCs are the source of luminal progeny.
journal_name
Horm Cancerjournal_title
Hormones & cancerauthors
Maitland NJ,Frame FM,Polson ES,Lewis JL,Collins ATdoi
10.1007/s12672-010-0058-ysubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-02-01 00:00:00pages
47-61issue
1eissn
1868-8497issn
1868-8500journal_volume
2pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor that mediates oestrogen effects in hormone-responsive cells. Following oestrogenic activation, ERα directly regulates the transcription of target genes via DNA binding. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a class of small noncoding RNAs that function a...
journal_title:Hormones & cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12672-012-0102-1
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
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abstract::Cancer-associated fibroblasts have been shown to inhibit or stimulate tumor growth depending on stage, grade, and tumor type. It remains unclear, however, the effect of endometrial-cancer-associated fibroblasts on hormone-driven responses in endometrial cancer. In this study, we investigated the effect of normal and c...
journal_title:Hormones & cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death among gynecological malignancies. Chemotherapy alone is not sufficient to achieve long-term survival of the patient with advanced stage ovarian cancer. Although cancer immune therapy has long been expected as a new modality for ovarian cancer, very few trials have been clin...
journal_title:Hormones & cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::The pathological diagnosis of adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is still challenging for its rarity and the presence of special variants (pediatric, oncocytic, myxoid, and sarcomatoid). It is based on the recognition at light microscopy of at least three among nine morphological parameters, according to the Weiss scoring...
journal_title:Hormones & cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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abstract::Tetraiodothyroacetic acid (tetrac) and its nanoparticle formulation (Tetrac NP) act at an integrin cell surface receptor to inhibit tumor cell proliferation and tumor-related angiogenesis. Human pancreatic cancer cell (PANC-1 and MPanc96) xenografts were established in nude mice, and the effects of tetrac versus Tetra...
journal_title:Hormones & cancer
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journal_title:Hormones & cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12672-017-0317-2
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Hormones & cancer
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更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Hormones & cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12672-014-0188-8
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oral contraceptive use is a well-established risk factor for breast cancer and is common among reproductive-aged women in the USA. Its relationship with less common, more aggressive, molecular subtypes is less clear. A population-based case-case analysis was conducted comparing three less common molecular subtypes to ...
journal_title:Hormones & cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12672-019-00362-5
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a female-predominant lung disease that can lead to respiratory failure. LAM cells typically have inactivating tuberous sclerosis 2 (TSC2) mutations, leading to mTORC1 hyperactivation. The gender specificity of LAM suggests that female hormones contribute to disease progression. Clinic...
journal_title:Hormones & cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12672-014-0192-z
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Hormones & cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12672-013-0134-1
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and complex disease associated with a high mortality rate. Despite intensive translational and clinical research, prognosis remains poor. Over the past decade, a significant effort has been made to develop multinational, collaborative studies to better understand the pathogenes...
journal_title:Hormones & cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12672-015-0241-2
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thyroid hormone status has long been implicated in cancer development. Here we investigated the role of thyroxine (T4) in colorectal cancer cell lines HCT 116 (APC wild type) and HT-29 (APC mutant), as well as the primary cultures of cancer cells derived from patients. Cell proliferation was evaluated with standard as...
journal_title:Hormones & cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Hormones & cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12672-009-0002-1
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the hypoxic tumor microenvironment can drive enhance tumor malignancy and recurrence. The microRNA (miRNA) miR-196-5p has been shown to modulate the progression of several cancer types, but its roles in HCC remain uncertain. In the present report we observed significant miR-196-5p do...
journal_title:Hormones & cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The androgen receptor (AR) has context-dependent roles in breast cancer growth and progression. Overall, high tumor AR levels predict a favorable patient outcome, but several studies have established a tumor promotional role for AR, particularly in supporting the growth of estrogen receptor positive (ER-positive) brea...
journal_title:Hormones & cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12672-017-0302-9
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Hormones & cancer
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更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Hormones & cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12672-019-00369-y
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological cancer in the developed world, and it is one of the few cancer types that is becoming more prevalent and leading to more deaths in the USA each year. The majority of endometrial tumors are considered to be hormonally driven, where estrogen signaling through estrogen ...
journal_title:Hormones & cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12672-019-0358-9
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent observations connected DNA cytosine deaminase APOBEC3B to the genetic evolution of breast cancer. We addressed whether APOBEC3B is associated with breast cancer clinical outcomes. APOBEC3B messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were related in 1,491 primary breast cancers to disease-free (DFS), metastasis-free (MFS), and ...
journal_title:Hormones & cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12672-014-0196-8
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Consumption of methylxanthine alkaloids appears to induce activities by antagonizing adenosine receptors, implicated in breast cancer behavior in vitro. Our goal was to evaluate expression of genes for methylxanthine receptors and metabolizing enzymes to assess risk of breast carcinoma recurrence. Clinical outcomes, e...
journal_title:Hormones & cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12672-017-0309-2
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In clinical practice, few prostate cancer (PCa) patients are associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS), while few others acquire MetS during treatment. Whether the treatment of PCa increases the occurrence of MetS remains to be confirmed. This study reviewed the changes in MetS patients before and after PCa treatment ...
journal_title:Hormones & cancer
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更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor best known for its ability to mediate the effects of environmental toxins such as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD or dioxin), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), benzene, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) through the initi...
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更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate the associations of fat, fiber, and carbohydrate intake with endogenous estrogen, androgen, and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) levels among 595 premenopausal women. Overall, no significant associations were found between dietary intake of these macronutrie...
journal_title:Hormones & cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer progression is driven by genome instability incurred rearrangements such as transmembrane protease, serine 2 (TMPRSS2)/v-ets erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene (ERG) that could possibly turn some of the tumor suppressor micro-RNAs into pro-oncogenic ones. Previously, we found dualistic miR-204 effects, acting ...
journal_title:Hormones & cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00