Widespread endogenization of densoviruses and parvoviruses in animal and human genomes.

Abstract:

:Parvoviruses infect humans and a broad range of animals, from mammals to crustaceans, and generally are associated with a variety of acute and chronic diseases. However, many others cause persistent infections and are not known to be associated with any disease. Viral persistence is likely related to the ability to integrate into the chromosomal DNA and to establish a latent infection. However, there is little evidence for genome integration of parvoviral DNA except for Adeno-associated virus (AAV). Here we performed a systematic search for homologs of parvoviral proteins in publicly available eukaryotic genome databases followed by experimental verification and phylogenetic analysis. We conclude that parvoviruses have frequently invaded the germ lines of diverse animal species, including mammals, fishes, birds, tunicates, arthropods, and flatworms. The identification of orthologous endogenous parvovirus sequences in the genomes of humans and other mammals suggests that parvoviruses have coexisted with mammals for at least 98 million years. Furthermore, some of the endogenized parvoviral genes were expressed in eukaryotic organisms, suggesting that these viral genes are also functional in the host genomes. Our findings may provide novel insights into parvovirus biology, host interactions, and evolution.

journal_name

J Virol

journal_title

Journal of virology

authors

Liu H,Fu Y,Xie J,Cheng J,Ghabrial SA,Li G,Peng Y,Yi X,Jiang D

doi

10.1128/JVI.00828-11

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2011-10-01 00:00:00

pages

9863-76

issue

19

eissn

0022-538X

issn

1098-5514

pii

JVI.00828-11

journal_volume

85

pub_type

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