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Efficacy and safety of adjunctive therapy using esketamine or racemic ketamine for adult treatment-resistant depression: A randomized, double-blind, non-inferiority study.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:Ketamine and its enantiomers have recently been highlighted as one of the most effective therapeutic options in refractory depression. However, racemic ketamine and esketamine have not been directly compared. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of esketamine compared to ketamine in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). METHODS:This is a randomized, double-blind, active-controlled, bicentre, non-inferiority clinical trial, with two parallel groups. Participants were randomly assigned to a 40-min single intravenous infusion of ketamine 0.5 mg/kg or esketamine 0.25 mg/kg. The primary outcome was the difference in remission rates for depression 24 h following intervention using the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), with a non-inferiority margin of 20%. RESULTS:63 subjects were included and randomly assigned (29 to receive ketamine and 34 to receive esketamine). At 24 h, 24.1% of participants in the ketamine group and 29.4% of participants in the esketamine group showed remission, with a difference of 5.3% (95% CILB -13.6%), confirming non-inferiority. MADRS scores improved from 33 (SD 9.3) to 16.2 (SD 10.7) in the ketamine group and from 33 (SD 5.3) to 17.5 (SD 12.2) in the esketamine one, with a difference of -5.27% (95% CILB, -13.6). Both groups presented similar mild side effects. CONCLUSIONS:Esketamine was non-inferior to ketamine for TRD 24 h following infusion. Both treatments were effective, safe, and well tolerated. TRIAL REGISTRATION:Registered in Japan Primary Registries Network: UMIN000032355.

journal_name

J Affect Disord

journal_title

Journal of affective disorders

authors

Correia-Melo FS,Leal GC,Vieira F,Jesus-Nunes AP,Mello RP,Magnavita G,Caliman-Fontes AT,Echegaray MVF,Bandeira ID,Silva SS,Cavalcanti DE,Araújo-de-Freitas L,Sarin LM,Tuena MA,Nakahira C,Sampaio AS,Del-Porto JA,Turecki G

doi

10.1016/j.jad.2019.11.086

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-03-01 00:00:00

pages

527-534

eissn

0165-0327

issn

1573-2517

pii

S0165-0327(19)31978-0

journal_volume

264

pub_type

杂志文章

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Efficacy and safety of adjunctive therapy using esketamine or racemic ketamine for adult treatment-resistant depression: A randomized, double-blind, non-inferiority study.