Abstract：
OBJECTIVE:After a brief review of the literature on the role of alcohol in residential fire deaths, a comparison of different risk factors for residential fire fatality was undertaken by closely analyzing the circumstances of fire victims as a function of alcohol intake. METHOD:Analyses were based on Australian coroners' fire fatality records for the state of Victoria (1998-2006) and considered demographic, behavioral, and environmental factors for the 95 adult fire victims who were tested for alcohol (64 male, 31 female). RESULTS:Most (58%) had a positive blood alcohol concentration (BAC) test, with 31% of the total sample having a BAC of more than 0.20 gm per 100 ml. Odds ratio analyses showed that four variables were significantly more associated with victims who had consumed alcohol compared with sober victims. In descending odds ratio order, these variables were as follows: (a) being aged 18-60 years, (b) involving smoking materials (e.g. cigarettes, pipes), (c) having no conditions preventing escape, and (d) being male. An important new finding is that fire fatalities with positive BAC levels were more than three times less likely to have their clothing alight or exits blocked than sober fire victims. CONCLUSIONS:The risk of dying in a fire for alcohol-affected people who are capable of being alerted and escaping may be reduced if they can be alerted more quickly and effectively. Suitable measures for improving smoke alarms via interlinking and the use of an alarm signal demonstrated to be more effective at waking sleepers, including those who are alcohol affected, are discussed.
journal_name
J Stud Alcohol Drugsjournal_title
Journal of studies on alcohol and drugsauthors
Bruck D,Ball M,Thomas IRdoi
10.15288/jsad.2011.72.731subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-09-01 00:00:00pages
731-6issue
5eissn
1937-1888issn
1938-4114journal_volume
72pub_type
杂志文章abstract：OBJECTIVE:Sexual behavior that incurs increased risk for sexually transmitted infections and HIV incidence is associated with both heavy alcohol and marijuana use. Whereas detrimental effects of alcohol on increased sexual risk have been documented in event-level and laboratory studies, less is known about the combined...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2016.77.104
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The use of alcohol to cope with stress is a major health concern, yet the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the effects of stress on alcohol-related cognition are not well understood. This study examined changes in event-related potentials (ERPs) elicited by alcohol-related images before and after a st...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2012.73.761
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to use Item Response Theory to assess Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition, Revised (DSM-III-R), lifetime cannabis-use disorder (CUD) symptom severity and its relationship to first cannabis use before age 15 years, male gender, and childhood conduct di...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2009.70.839
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Alcohol-impaired (AI) driving among college students remains a significant public health concern and may be the single most risky drinking outcome among young adults. Brief motivational interventions (BMIs) have been shown to reduce alcohol use and problems, but their specific efficacy for decreasing AI drivi...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.15288/jsad.2015.76.700
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:When asked about substance use, youths typically endorse higher levels of use than parents, suggesting that parents are often unaware of their child's drug and alcohol use. This study sought to examine the level of concordance between reports of youths enrolled in public sectors of care and their parents, and...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2011.72.44
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to compare the relative effectiveness of three treatment modalities for adolescent substance use: biological drug screening (BDS), Motivational Enhancement Therapy-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (MET/CBT5), and BDS combined with MET/CBT5, relative to no treatment. METHOD:This stud...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2014.75.358
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Adult cannabis use has increased in the United States since 2002, particularly after 2007, contrasting with stable/declining trends among youth. We investigated whether specific age groups disproportionately contributed to changes in daily and nondaily cannabis use trends. METHOD:Participants ages 12 and old...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2018.79.423
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study examined the extent to which youthful alcohol consumption and the initiation of tobacco, betel nut, and other illegal drugs may differ by their first drinking context in Taiwan-a society with social norms that are more tolerant of underage drinking. METHOD:In 2004, in a nationally representative s...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2008.69.378
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Research has documented that sexual minorities are at greater risk for substance use than heterosexuals. However, there are limited studies and mixed findings when investigating these health disparities among racial and ethnic minority samples. We used an intersectionality framework to examine disparities in ...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2014.75.179
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to estimate biases in recalling alcohol consumption over short periods. METHOD:Patients (n = 918) attending the surgical ward of the emergency department (ED) of the Lausanne University Hospital in Switzerland participated in a brief intervention study. Inclusion criteria were a...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2007.68.303
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Disrupted-in-schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) has been linked to vulnerability to a variety of psychiatric disorders and neuropsychiatric phenotypes. However, DISC1 has not been frequently examined as a potential risk factor for substance dependence. An association between opioid dependence and DISC1 rs2738888 polymor...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2016.77.220
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Medications for the treatment of substance use disorders (SUDs) are not widely available in publicly funded SUD treatment programs. Few studies have drawn on longitudinal data to examine the organizational characteristics associated with programs transitioning from not delivering any pharmacotherapy to adopti...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.15288/jsad.2014.75.476
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study examined how problem drinking and drug use and their related treatment received by workers varied by health insurance coverage and employment characteristics. METHOD:We used National Survey on Drug Use and Health data on civilian workers ages 18 years and older from the 2002 and 2003 public-use fi...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2008.69.915
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The potential effectiveness of two group-administered social-skills training interventions for reducing high-risk drinking behavior was evaluated through a prospective randomized intervention trial with 3,406 members of a national college fraternity. METHOD:Ninety eight of 99 chapters of a national fraternit...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.15288/jsad.2007.68.399
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Perceived descriptive drinking norms often differ from actual norms and are positively related to personal consumption. However, it is not clear how normative perceptions vary with specificity of the reference group. Are drinking norms more accurate and more closely related to drinking behavior as reference g...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.15288/jsad.2011.72.833
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The present study explored the possible impact of parental supervision of adolescents' alcohol use and drinking with parents on concurrent and prospective associations between adolescents' drinking at home and drinking outside the home. The impact of drinking with their best friend, parental drinking behavior...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2010.71.105
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Context may differentially influence expectancy dimensions, in turn affecting drinking behavior. The present study examined alcohol cue and mood contextual influences on expectancy activation, controlling for more stable self-reported expectancy endorsement. We were particularly interested in the specific eff...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2007.68.759
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This research investigates whether warning viewers about the presence of embedded messages in the content of a television episode affects viewers' drinking beliefs and whether audience connectedness moderates the warning's impact. METHOD:Two hundred fifty college students participated in a laboratory experim...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2008.69.459
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Alcohol consumption is characterized by bi-phasic stimulant and sedative effects. In previous studies, various tools were used to assess these effects, including expectancy questionnaires, implicit association tests, and self-report scales. The present study was aimed at clarifying the relationships between t...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.15288/jsad.2013.74.923
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The current study investigated the relationship between different types of academic motives-specifically, intrinsic motivation, introjected regulation, and external regulation-and high school students' current and lifetime alcohol consumption. METHOD:One thousand sixty-seven high school students completed me...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2011.72.965
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The objectives of the present study were twofold: (1) to determine whether gender differences exist in the roles of drinking in the event (i.e., self-reported drinking before the injury and estimated blood alcohol concentration [BAC] captured after injury) and drinking pattern (i.e., heavy episodic drinking) ...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2007.68.824
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to examine racial-ethnic differences in perceived stigmatization of former alcoholics and their effect on associations of race-ethnicity with treatment history and psychological function among lifetime alcoholics. METHOD:Logistic regression analyses were conducted using data from Wa...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2010.71.231
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The Good Sports program uses a systematic accreditation process to implement gradual alcohol-related harm-reduction strategies in Australian community sports clubs that aim to reduce the incidence of harmful alcohol-related behaviors, such as drink driving. This study tested whether the Good Sports program re...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2012.73.316
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:One predictor of negative drinking outcomes in college populations is impulsivity. Individual differences in the reinforcing efficacy of alcohol, which reflects willingness to drink despite potential costs, may serve as a mechanism by which impulsivity is associated with alcohol-related problems. The purpose ...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2013.74.490
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of brief physician advice in reducing alcohol use and related harm in college students. METHOD:The College Health Intervention Projects (CHIPs) is a randomized, controlled clinical trial with 12-month follow-up conducted in five college health clinics in Wiscons...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.15288/jsad.2010.71.23
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The first year of college is an important transitional period for young adults; it is also a period associated with elevated risk of incapacitated rape (IR) for female students. The goal of this study was to identify prospective risk factors associated with experiencing attempted or completed IR during the fi...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2015.76.829
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To understand the association of alcohol use with sex and unprotected sex among hazardously drinking incarcerated women, we examined the relationship of these behaviors on any given day. METHOD:Participants endorsed unprotected sex and hazardous alcohol consumption (four or more drinks at a time on at least ...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2009.70.508
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The current study tested the associations between a dual-systems model of self-control and alcohol use and problem severity. METHOD:The sample consisted of 491 college students (77.0% women) from a rural state university. Participants completed a series of online surveys that assessed aspects of self-control...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2011.72.678
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Recently published research has identified the alcohol brands most frequently consumed by underage youth. The present study examines alcohol magazine advertising in 2011 to report age- and sex-specific exposure to advertisements for these brands in contrast with other magazine advertising brands less popular ...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.15288/jsad.2014.75.615
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Research suggests unintentional overdose on prescription drugs and intentional self-harm cases differ fundamentally from unintentional illicit drug overdoses, but there are few data on opioid overdose per se. METHOD:We analyzed consecutive opioid overdose patients age 13 and over (N = 435) treated by a toxic...
journal_title：Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
