Abstract:
:Anti-VEGF therapy prolongs recurrence-free survival in patients with glioblastoma but does not improve overall survival. To address this discrepancy, we investigated immunologic resistance mechanisms to anti-VEGF therapy in glioma models. A screening of immune-associated alterations in tumors after anti-VEGF treatment revealed a dose-dependent upregulation of regulatory T-cell (Treg) signature genes. Enhanced numbers of Tregs were observed in spleens of tumor-bearing mice and later in tumors after anti-VEGF treatment. Elimination of Tregs with CD25 blockade before anti-VEGF treatment restored IFNγ production from CD8+ T cells and improved antitumor response from anti-VEGF therapy. The treated tumors overexpressed the glutamate/cystine antiporter SLC7A11/xCT that led to elevated extracellular glutamate in these tumors. Glutamate promoted Treg proliferation, activation, suppressive function, and metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGlutR1) expression. We propose that VEGF blockade coupled with glioma-derived glutamate induces systemic and intratumoral immunosuppression by promoting Treg overrepresentation and function, which can be pre-emptively overcome through Treg depletion for enhanced antitumor effects. SIGNIFICANCE: Resistance to VEGF therapy in glioblastoma is driven by upregulation of Tregs, combined blockade of VEGF, and Tregs may provide an additive antitumor effect for treating glioblastoma.
journal_name
Cancer Resjournal_title
Cancer researchauthors
Long Y,Tao H,Karachi A,Grippin AJ,Jin L,Chang YE,Zhang W,Dyson KA,Hou AY,Na M,Deleyrolle LP,Sayour EJ,Rahman M,Mitchell DA,Lin Z,Huang Jdoi
10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-19-1577subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-02-01 00:00:00pages
499-509issue
3eissn
0008-5472issn
1538-7445pii
0008-5472.CAN-19-1577journal_volume
80pub_type
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