Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Analyses of country or regional differences in cardiovascular (CV) trials are based on geographical subgroup analyses. However, apart from map location and related racial, ethnic, and genetic variations, identified differences may also depend on social structure and provision and access to health care, for which country income and income inequality are indicators. The aim of the study was to examine the association between country per capita income and income inequality and prognosis in patients with heart failure or an acute coronary syndrome in 3 international trials (EMPHASIS-HF, EPHESUS, and EXAMINE). METHODS:Countries were classified into high income or low-middle income (LMICs) and into low, middle, or high inequality using the Gini index. The main outcome measures were all-cause and CV death. RESULTS:Patients from LMICs and countries with higher inequality were younger, were less often white, had fewer comorbid conditions, and were less often treated with guideline-recommended therapies, including devices. These patients had higher adjusted mortality rates (+15% to +70%) compared with patients from high-income countries and countries with less inequality. Patients from countries with the combination of greater inequality and low-middle income had particularly high mortality rates (+80% to +190%) compared with those that did not have both characteristics. Living in a country that is poor and has inequality had more impact on death rates than any comorbidity. These findings were reproduced in 3 trials. CONCLUSIONS:Patients from LMICs and countries with greater inequality had the highest mortality rates. The prognostic impact of income and inequality is substantial and should be considered when looking into subgroup differences in CV trials.
journal_name
Am Heart Jjournal_title
American heart journalauthors
Ferreira JP,Rossignol P,Dewan P,Lamiral Z,White WB,Pitt B,McMurray JJV,Zannad Fdoi
10.1016/j.ahj.2019.08.019subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-12-01 00:00:00pages
66-74eissn
0002-8703issn
1097-6744pii
S0002-8703(19)30224-8journal_volume
218pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Apparent treatment-resistant hypertension (aTRH) is associated with an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. We studied the frequency and intensity of care for aTRH among participants aged 65 years and older in the US-based REGARDS study linked with Medicare claims. METHODS:Blood pressure (BP) ...
journal_title:American heart journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2017.01.008
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Motion of the posterior aortic root on echocardiography is related to left atrial volume changes. Early diastolic posterior motion of the aortic root reflects both LA emptying and filling and has been measured as the atrial emptying index. To study late diastolic motion of the aortic root, we measured the slope of pos...
journal_title:American heart journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0002-8703(80)90654-7
更新日期:1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Minnesota codes (MC), expressing Q-QS, ST segment, and T wave abnormalities in ECGs taken during the acute event and at a 1-year follow-up were studied in 256 survivors of myocardial infarction (MI). On the 1-year ECGs large Q waves (MC 1.1) were more common in patients with a history of previous MI than in those with...
journal_title:American heart journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0002-8703(86)90141-9
更新日期:1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to study the origin of the basal systolic murmurs in mitral stenosis, left and right heart catheterization was performed in 18 patients with mitral stenosis using intracardiac phonocardiography. Our data revealed that the basal systolic murmurs originated in the aorta, the pulmonary artery, and the outflow tr...
journal_title:American heart journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0002-8703(78)90163-1
更新日期:1978-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Early reperfusion therapy improves the clinical outcomes of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but benefits are limited by reperfusion injury in some patients. We examined the effect of nicorandil, a hybrid of K(ATP) channel opener and nicotinamide nitrate, on reactive oxygen species (ROS) form...
journal_title:American heart journal
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2004.05.014
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examines the electrophysiologic effects of an intravenous bolus of lidocaine in the normal canine ventricle. In 14 open-chest dogs, left ventricular effective refractory period, ventricular repolarization time, and activation time were measured continuously during ventricular pacing (150/min) before, during...
journal_title:American heart journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0002-8703(85)90559-9
更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute myocardial infarction (MI) patients remain at high risk for recurrent events. Cholesterol efflux, mediated by apolipoprotein A-I, removes excess cholesterol from atherosclerotic plaque and transports it to the liver for excretion. Impaired cholesterol efflux is associated with higher cardiovascular (CV) event ra...
journal_title:American heart journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2020.10.052
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chocolate consumption has been inconsistently associated with risk of atrial fibrillation (AF). We investigated the association between chocolate consumption and risk of AF in Swedish adults from two cohort studies and conducted a meta-analysis to summarize available evidence from cohort studies on this topi...
journal_title:American heart journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2017.09.013
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The manner in which concealed anterograde impulse penetration may affect retrograde atrioventricular nodal conduction was studied systematically in 12 patients with intact ventriculoatrial (VA) conduction. After the last beat of a basic atrial drive (A1), an extrastimulus (A2) was introduced 20 msec inside the effecti...
journal_title:American heart journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0002-8703(87)90539-4
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American heart journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0002-8703(05)80010-9
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Stroke prevention in anticoagulation-naïve patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing cardioversion has not been systematically studied. OBJECTIVE:To determine outcomes in anticoagulation-naïve patients (defined as those receiving an anticoagulant for <48 hours during the index episode of atrial fibrillat...
journal_title:American heart journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2016.06.008
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Surgical ventricular restoration (SVR) is an operation that demonstrates promise to improve outcomes for patients with left ventricular dysfunction. Current use and operative outcomes of SVR have come from centers of expertise, and operative risks of SVR in community practice are unknown. We sought to charac...
journal_title:American heart journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2006.01.016
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Late prognosis after infective endocarditis has not been systematically studied in large series of patients with different underlying heart conditions in recent years. METHODS:We studied an inception cohort study of 420 patients discharged after treatment of endocarditis from a university tertiary care hosp...
journal_title:American heart journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1067/mhj.2001.111952
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A shortcoming of the pediatric electrocardiogram (ECG) appears to be its inability to accurately detect left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). This study prospectively assesses the usefulness of the pediatric ECG as a screening modality for LVH. METHODS:Concomitant echocardiograms and ECGs from a large cohort ...
journal_title:American heart journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1067/mhj.2003.15
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Externally recorded STI were compared with invasively determined EF in 10 normal subjects and 86 patients with various forms of chronic heart disease. From phono-, apex-, and electrocardiograms and carotid pulse tracings, recorded without rigidly controlled conditions (postabsorptive state, fixed time of day, exclusio...
journal_title:American heart journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0002-8703(77)80246-9
更新日期:1977-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American heart journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2007.07.025
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::TACT is an National Institutes of Health-sponsored, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2 × 2 factorial clinical trial testing the benefits and risks of 40 infusions of a multicomponent disodium EDTA chelation solution compared with placebo and of an oral, high-dose multivitamin and mineral supplement. TACT ...
journal_title:American heart journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2011.10.002
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our experience with the use of five new antiarrhythmic drugs for treating life-threatening arrhythmias in children will be briefly reviewed. Prevention of recurrent episodes of atrial flutter with digoxin and local anesthetic antiarrhythmic drugs often is only moderately successful, benefiting 65% of patients. Amiodar...
journal_title:American heart journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0002-8703(87)90027-5
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American heart journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0002-8703(83)90392-7
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American heart journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2013.03.007
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American heart journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American heart journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0002-8703(98)70270-4
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American heart journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1067/mhj.2002.122517
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American heart journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1067/mhj.2000.96469
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American heart journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2020.01.005
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American heart journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0002-8703(98)70223-6
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American heart journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2019.09.008
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American heart journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2013.05.013
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American heart journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0002-8703(05)80086-9
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess the effects of pacing-induced tachycardia on phasic coronary blood flow pattern and flow reserve of left anterior descending artery, we examined 16 patients with chest pain and angiographically normal coronary arteries by using an intravascular Doppler catheter with spectral analysis of the velocity signal. ...
journal_title:American heart journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0002-8703(94)90661-0
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00