Abstract:
:Adaptive co-evolution of mammals and bacteria has led to the establishment of complex commensal communities on mucosal surfaces. In spite of having available a wealth of immune-sensing and effector mechanisms capable of triggering inflammation in response to microbial intrusion, mucosal immune cells establish an intimate dialogue with microbes to generate a state of hyporesponsiveness against commensals and active readiness against pathogens. A key component of this homeostatic balance is IgA, a noninflammatory antibody isotype produced by mucosal B cells through class switching. This process involves activation of B cells by IgA-inducing signals originating from mucosal T cells, dendritic cells, and epithelial cells. Here, we review the mechanisms by which mucosal B cells undergo IgA diversification and production and discuss how the study of primary immunodeficiencies facilitates better understanding of mucosal IgA responses in humans.
journal_name
Ann N Y Acad Scijournal_title
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciencesauthors
Cerutti A,Cols M,Gentile M,Cassis L,Barra CM,He B,Puga I,Chen Kdoi
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06266.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-11-01 00:00:00pages
132-44eissn
0077-8923issn
1749-6632journal_volume
1238pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Astrakhan fever is a summer spotted fever resembling Mediterranean spotted fever, endemic in Astrakhan, a region of Russia located by the Caspian sea. Its agent is a spotted fever group rickettsia, member of the Rickettsia conorii complex, transmitted to humans by Rhipicephalus sanguineus and Rhipicephalus pumilio tic...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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abstract::In this paper we consider the evolution of Alzheimer's-like neuropathology in the aging primate brain. In particular, we examine the evolutionary pressures that have likely selected for the neuroprotective effects of estrogen and of the apolipoprotein E2 and E3 isoforms. We analyze this in the context of the altricial...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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abstract::We discussed the bonding of O2 to hemoglobin using results of ab initio calculations of idealized portions of the Hb molecule. The bond between Fe and O2 is formed by coupling a triplet state (intermediate spin state) of Fe to the triplet ground state of O2 (analogous to the bonding of O to O2 in ozone). The coordinat...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our recent work shows that in addition to pumping ions, Na/K-ATPase acts as a signal transducer. Binding of ouabain to Na/K-ATPase changes the interaction of the enzyme with neighboring membrane proteins and induces the formation of multiple signaling modules, resulting in activation of Src, transactivation of the EGF...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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abstract::Tight and adherens junctions play critical roles in the barrier, adhesion, and signaling functions of epithelial and endothelial cells. How the molecular organization of these junctions is tuned to the widely diverse physiological requirements of each tissue type is not well understood. Here, we address this question ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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abstract::Over the last years, El Sistema--the Venezuelan project started in 1975 and now acknowledged worldwide as the most significant example of collective music education--has inspired a profusion of remarkable initiatives on all continents. From the original impulse by founder José Antonio Abreu, strong social principles o...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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abstract::Valproic acid (VA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACI), in vitro induces differentiation of promyelocyte leukemia cell (HL-60) and proliferation arrest and apoptosis of various leukemia cell lines. In MOLT-4 cells (human T lymphocyte leukemia) the cell cycle arrest is caused by 2 mM VA, while 4 mM VA induces main...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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abstract::Women are four to eight times more likely to be affected by fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). A lack of cortisol, potentially due to an adrenocortical deficit is postulated in FMS. The cause of such adrenal insufficiency is unknown. It could be assumed that stress exposure during critical periods contributes to vulnerabili...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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abstract::Four weeks immobilization of the right leg of aged rats (26 months old) caused a marked 31% and 27% reduction of muscle mass of the plantaris and soleus muscles, respectively. In animals treated with 0.6 mg/kg body weight of growth hormone (GH), the reduction of weight of the above muscles was only 14.7 and 16.1%, res...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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abstract::Eighty-seven reports of patients with seizures induced by listening and/or playing music and one personal observation are reviewed. Music-induced (or musicogenic) seizures are currently classified among the reflex seizures precipitated by complex stimuli. According to the available information, they are defined as foc...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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abstract::Azole resistance in Aspergillus species may be on the rise, with significant potential implications for the management of invasive aspergillosis. The main mechanism of azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus is via alterations of the target enzyme CYP51A. Such azole resistance is either primary or secondary (in the ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transmission of HIV from mothers to children may occur through the transplacental, intrapartum, or breastfeeding routes. Adequate nutritional status may reduce vertical transmission by affecting several maternal or fetal and child risk factors for transmission including enhancing systemic immune function in the mother...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The endometrium acquires the ability to implant the developing embryo within a specific time window, termed the "receptive phase." During this period, the endometrium undergoes pronounced structural and functional changes induced by the ovarian steroids, estrogen and progesterone, which prepare it to be receptive to i...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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abstract::Ovarian failure is heterogeneous, both in cause and in phenotype. Women whose menses cease prior to age 40 years and have menopausal FSH levels are traditionally considered by clinicians to have the diagnosis of "premature ovarian failure" (POF). In fact, however, the ovarian function in this disorder is in reality a ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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abstract::Human platelets in sufficient numbers for a therapeutic transfusion can be collected for preservation either by pooling ABO- and Rh-compatible platelets or by apheresis procedures using mechanical cell-separating machines. Human platelets have been frozen successfully with 5 or 6% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and stored ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::Several growth factors (e.g., transforming growth factors beta and alpha, basic fibroblast growth factor), produced by hypothalamic astrocytes, participate in the control of hypothalamic gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons. On this basis, we have hypothesized that steroid hormones, like estrogens and proges...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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abstract::In this study, we measured the lymphocyte levels of proteins involved in apoptosis regulation, such as Bcl-2, the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBR), caspase-3, and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn SOD), in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), either untreated or under therapy with dopaminergic agents (l-Dop...
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journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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abstract::The search for molecules on the surface of mammalian sperm that are responsible for the binding of sperm to the zona pellucida has led to the identification of a number of different surface proteins. Different experimental approaches have been used to identify these proteins and the strength of the evidence for their ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic hypoxic stimulation in mammals can induce several phenotypic changes, such as polycythemia, pulmonary vascular changes, pulmonary hypertension, and carotid body (CB) enlargement. These phenotypic alterations provide a tool to test whether an oxygen sensor candidate is involved in an organism's response to envi...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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abstract::Intraocular lesions occurred in 55 of 70 sarcoidosis patients (78.6%) and their intraocular findings were biomicroscopically analyzed. Intraocular lesions were observed bilaterally in 54 of 55 patients (98.0%) and these various lesions occurred simultaneously or within a short period in almost all tissues of the eyeba...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study, the ability of high-dose androgens, namely AAS, administered during adolescence to facilitate aggressive behavior in experimental animals was examined. Data from these studies show clearly that exposure to high doses of multiple AAS during adolescent development can predispose animals to intense ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb32546.x
更新日期:1996-09-20 00:00:00