Abstract:
:This is the 14th report in a series of periodic general reports on mortality in the Life Span Study (LSS) cohort of atomic bomb survivors followed by the Radiation Effects Research Foundation to investigate the late health effects of the radiation from the atomic bombs. During the period 1950-2003, 58% of the 86,611 LSS cohort members with DS02 dose estimates have died. The 6 years of additional follow-up since the previous report provide substantially more information at longer periods after radiation exposure (17% more cancer deaths), especially among those under age 10 at exposure (58% more deaths). Poisson regression methods were used to investigate the magnitude of the radiation-associated risks, the shape of the dose response, and effect modification by gender, age at exposure, and attained age. The risk of all causes of death was positively associated with radiation dose. Importantly, for solid cancers the additive radiation risk (i.e., excess cancer cases per 10(4) person-years per Gy) continues to increase throughout life with a linear dose-response relationship. The sex-averaged excess relative risk per Gy was 0.42 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.32, 0.53] for all solid cancer at age 70 years after exposure at age 30 based on a linear model. The risk increased by about 29% per decade decrease in age at exposure (95% CI: 17%, 41%). The estimated lowest dose range with a significant ERR for all solid cancer was 0 to 0.20 Gy, and a formal dose-threshold analysis indicated no threshold; i.e., zero dose was the best estimate of the threshold. The risk of cancer mortality increased significantly for most major sites, including stomach, lung, liver, colon, breast, gallbladder, esophagus, bladder and ovary, whereas rectum, pancreas, uterus, prostate and kidney parenchyma did not have significantly increased risks. An increased risk of non-neoplastic diseases including the circulatory, respiratory and digestive systems was observed, but whether these are causal relationships requires further investigation. There was no evidence of a radiation effect for infectious or external causes of death.
journal_name
Radiat Resjournal_title
Radiation researchauthors
Ozasa K,Shimizu Y,Suyama A,Kasagi F,Soda M,Grant EJ,Sakata R,Sugiyama H,Kodama Kdoi
10.1667/rr2629.1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-03-01 00:00:00pages
229-43issue
3eissn
0033-7587issn
1938-5404pii
10.1667/RR2629.1journal_volume
177pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The effects of (56)Fe particles and (137)Cs gamma radiation were compared in TK6 and WTK1 human lymphoblasts, two related cell lines which differ in TP53 status and in the ability to rejoin DNA double-strand breaks. Both cell lines were more sensitive to the cytotoxic and clastogenic effects of (56)Fe particles than t...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/0033-7587(2001)156[0186:geohei]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nonhuman organisms are being exposed to ionizing radiations at radionuclide-contaminated sites around the world. Direct methods are seldom available for measuring biologically relevant doses received by these organisms. Here we extend biological dosimetry techniques, which are much better developed for humans and a fe...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/0033-7587(2000)153[0752:ctitab]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alteration of adhesion molecule expression on endothelial cells has a direct connection with ionizing radiation-induced atherosclerosis, which is an adverse effect observed after radiotherapy. However, minimal attention has been given to monocytes/macrophages role in atherosclerosis development, which are exposed to t...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/RR3119.1
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abstract::To characterize the role of the cerebrovascular response in the development of brain injury after focal irradiation, 125I sources were implanted in frontal white matter of the brain of normal dogs; dose was 20 Gy, 7.5 mm from the source. Cerebral blood flow, vascular volume and mean transit time of blood were quantifi...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Existence of a substantial fraction of replicon initiation events refractory to the effects of X irradiation in Chinese hamster cells has been reported by several laboratories. The work reported here examined whether this apparently refractive fraction resulted from a delayed inhibition of initiation events. Data obta...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper evaluates the global vitamin D effective UV (UV(vitd)) irradiances under cloudy conditions at a subtropical, southern hemisphere site. The UV(vitd) irradiances were analyzed on a horizontal plane and sampled at 5-min intervals over 18 months so that a wide range of parameters including cloud conditions, sol...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::1-(2-Fluoro-4-iodo-2,4-dideoxy-beta-L-xylopyranosyl)-2-nitroimidazole (FIAZP) has been synthesized and labeled with radioiodine (125I). Radioiodinated FIAZP is one of a series of sugar-coupled 2-nitroimidazoles developed in our laboratory as probes for noninvasive scintigraphic assessment of tumor hypoxia. An in vivo ...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::These assessment of the consequences of irradiation on chromatin is complicated by endogenous nucleases. Isolation and prolonged storage of rat liver nuclei in buffers containing divalent metal ions activates these enzymes and promotes the degradation of chromatin. Irradiation of rat liver nuclei to dose levels of 20,...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::While nontargeted and low-dose effects such as the bystander effect are now accepted, the mechanisms underlying the response have yet to be elucidated. It has been shown that the transfer of irradiated cell conditioned medium (ICCM) can kill cells that are not directly irradiated; however, to date the effect of ICCM c...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/RR1141.1
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been acknowledged for many years that radiation exposure induces delayed, non-targeted effects in the progeny of the irradiated cell. Evidence is beginning to demonstrate that among these delayed effects of radiation are epigenetic aberrations, including altered DNA methylation. To test the hypothesis that diff...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/RR2390.1
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A statistical technique is given which can be used to estimate the parameters of the two-component model for cell survival from quantal response multifraction data. The method is a nonlinear logistic regression and relies on a mild assumption relating the probability of death to cell survival level. The method is demo...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radiation sensitivity was measured by the micronucleus assay in T lymphocytes of the spleen and in fibroblasts derived from three inbred strains of mice, BALB/c, A/J and C3H/He. A linear correlation between the surviving fraction and the micronucleus frequency was obtained. There were clear differences in the radiosen...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Puskin, J. S. What Can Epidemiology Tell Us about Risks at Low Doses? Radiat. Res. 169, 122-124 (2008). Limitations on statistical power preclude direct detection and quantification of radiogenic cancer risks at very low (environmental) levels of low-LET radiation through epidemiological studies. Given this limitation...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/RR1187.1
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human immortalized keratinocytes were exposed to a range of single or fractionated doses of gamma rays from (60)Co, to medium harvested from donor cells exposed to these protocols, or to a combination of radiation and irradiated cell conditioned medium (ICCM). The surviving fractions after direct irradiation or exposu...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/0033-7587(2002)158[0626:badeaf]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metallothionein (MT), the synthesis of which can be induced by metalloelement administration, is a known radical scavenger. This study investigated the possible protective effect of MT against acute radiation injury. Manganese chloride (10 mg of manganese/kg) was administered intraperitoneally to male C3H/He mice 24 h...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the decade after the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, several large cohorts of survivors were organized for studies of radiation health effects. The U.S. Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission (ABCC) and its U.S./Japan successor, the Radiation Effects Research Foundation (RERF), have performed continuous studies since ...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1667/RR3546.1
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is well established that high-LET radiations efficiently induce chromosome aberrations. However, data on the effect of protons on telomere maintenance, as involved in genomic stability, are scarce and contradictory. Here we demonstrate that high-LET protons induce telomere lengthening in human primary fibroblasts a...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/RR2127.1
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The high-energy neutron component of the space radiation environment in thick structures such as the International Space Station contributes to the total radiation dose received by an astronaut. Detector design constraints such as size and mass have limited the energy range of neutron spectrum measurements in orbit to...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/0033-7587(2003)159[0154:henswt]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present paper describes experiments conducted over the last several years which have focused primarily on the development of mammary tumors in BALB/c mice after neutron and gamma irradiation. Time-dose relationships for induction of mammary and lung tumors following irradiation with fission-spectrum neutrons and 1...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We showed previously that autosomal recessive determinants control the development of pulmonary fibrosis in mice during the early and late phases after irradiation. The extent of fibrosis was inversely correlated with the intrinsic lung activity of both plasminogen activator (PLA) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (AC...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::An in vitro assay was used to assess cell killing and induction of neoplastic transformation in C3H 10T1/2 cells exposed to X rays and a range of monoenergetic neutrons administered at various dose rates. Curves for cell survival and induction of neoplastic transformation showed nonlinearity for cells exposed to acute...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The toxicity of 137Cs in the beagle dog was investigated at the Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute (ITRI) and Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) as part of programs to evaluate the biological effects of both radionuclides in atomic bomb fallout and internally deposited fission-product radionuclides. In the ITRI s...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tissue-incorporated radionuclides impart radiation energy over extended periods of time depending on their effective half-lives. The capacity of vitamin A dissolved in soybean oil to protect against the biological effects caused by internal radionuclides is investigated. The radiochemicals examined are DNA-binding 125...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Female rhesus monkeys received whole-body doses of ionizing radiation in the form of single-energy protons, mixed-energy protons, X rays, and electrons. Endometriosis developed in 53% of the monkeys during a 17-year period after exposure. Incidence rates for endometriosis related to radiation type were: single-energy ...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous experimental and clinical studies have been completed regarding the effects of carbogen and nicotinamide on tumor oxygenation and radiosensitivity. The current study incorporates three physiological measurement techniques to further define spatial variations in oxygen availability and development of hypoxia a...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/0033-7587(2000)153[0075:eotpao]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The radiation dose received by crew members in interplanetary space is influenced by the stage of the solar cycle. Using the recently developed models of the galactic cosmic radiation (GCR) environment and the energy-dependent radiation transport code, we have calculated the dose at 0 and 5 cm water depth; using a com...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The intrinsic radiosensitivity of tumor cells is most frequently reported for asynchronous populations, although cell cycle variation in radiosensitivity is known to be significant. Linear-quadratic analyses of survival data for asynchronous human tumor cells show wide variations in the alpha coefficient with smaller ...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relative biological effectiveness was determined using sex-linked recessive lethals induced in Drosophila spermatozoa as the biological effect. The sex-linked recessive lethal test, a measure of mutations induced in germ cells and transmitted through successive generations, yields a linear dose-response curve in t...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies identified radiation therapy as a key modifier of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) risk in survivors of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). In the present analysis, risk of BCC was analyzed in relation to age at transplant, attained age, race, total-body irradiation (TBI), and radiation fractionation ...
journal_title:Radiation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1667/RR1469.1
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00