Abstract:
BACKGROUND:The study of Turner syndrome (TS) offers a unique window of opportunity for advancing scientific knowledge of how X chromosome gene imprinting, epigenetic factors, hormonal milieu, and chronologic age affect brain development in females. METHODS:We described brain growth trajectories in 55 girls with TS and 53 typically developing girls (258 magnetic resonance imaging datasets) spanning 5 years. Using novel nonparametric and mixed effects analytic approaches, we evaluated influences of X chromosome genomic imprinting and hormone replacement therapy on brain development. RESULTS:Parieto-occipital gray and white matter regions showed slower growth during typical pubertal timing in girls with TS relative to typically developing girls. In contrast, some basal ganglia, cerebellar, and limited cortical areas showed enhanced volume growth with peaks around 10 years of age. CONCLUSIONS:The parieto-occipital finding suggests that girls with TS may be particularly vulnerable to altered brain development during adolescence. Basal ganglia regions may be relatively preserved in TS owing to their maturational growth before or early in typical pubertal years. Taken together, our findings indicate that particular brain regions are more vulnerable to TS genetic and hormonal effects during puberty. These specific alterations in neurodevelopment may be more likely to affect long-term cognitive behavioral outcomes in young girls with this common genetic condition.
journal_name
Biol Psychiatryjournal_title
Biological psychiatryauthors
O'Donoghue S,Green T,Ross JL,Hallmayer J,Lin X,Jo B,Huffman LC,Hong DS,Reiss ALdoi
10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.07.032subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-01-15 00:00:00pages
113-122issue
2eissn
0006-3223issn
1873-2402pii
S0006-3223(19)31584-7journal_volume
87pub_type
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journal_title:Biological psychiatry
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pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
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更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:1982-03-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2020-08-15 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00