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[X Jesús Culebras Lecture. Clinical nutrition: from super specialization to community care].

Abstract：

Introduction:Clinical nutrition has evolved in our country from the super-specialization of parenteral nutrition (PN) in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) up to the community care of health. In the beginning, PN was used in a minimum percentage of hospitalized patients; the development of the enteral nutrition (EN) meant an extension of the beneficiaries to achieve a correct nutritional contribution. By getting involved in the diet code the responsibility was extended to the entire hospitalized population. Artificial nutrition techniques were subsequently extended to the patient's home and consolidated with the inclusion of the home enteral nutrition (HEN) in the Spanish National Health Service (SNS) portfolio. To improve the prevention of malnutrition, after the PREDYCES study, the Multidisciplinary Consensus emerged and later the Alianza Más Nutridos was developed, in which the field of clinical nutrition was extended to Primary Care and nursing homes. The last step is community health care, a strategy that is based on the concept that health is more than the absence of disease along with the need to involve citizens in their own decisions about their lifestyle and how to address health problems. Introducción:La nutrición clínica ha evolucionado en nuestro país desde la superespecialización de la nutrición parenteral (NPT) en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) hasta lo que supone la atención comunitaria de salud. En sus inicios, la NPT se utilizaba en una mínima parte de pacientes hospitalizados. El desarrollo de la nutrición enteral (NE) supuso una ampliación de los beneficiados por lograr un correcto aporte nutricional. Al involucrarnos en el código de dietas, la responsabilidad se extendió a toda la población hospitalizada. Las técnicas de nutrición artificial se extendieron posteriormente al domicilio del paciente y se consolidó con la inclusión de la nutrición enteral domiciliaria (NED) en la cartera de servicios del Sistema Nacional de Salud (SNS). Para mejorar la prevención de la desnutrición, tras el estudio PREDYCES surgieron el Consenso Multidisciplinar y posteriormente la Alianza Más Nutridos, con los que el campo de la nutrición clínica se amplió a la Atención Primaria y a las residencias. El último escalón es la atención comunitaria de salud, una estrategia que se sustenta en el concepto de que la salud es algo más que la ausencia de enfermedad junto a la necesidad de implicar a los ciudadanos en sus propias decisiones sobre su estilo de vida y sobre cómo afrontar los problemas de salud.

journal_name

Nutr Hosp

journal_title

Nutricion hospitalaria

authors

Celaya Pérez S

doi

10.20960/nh.02838

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-10-17 00:00:00

pages

1223-1230

issue

5

eissn

0212-1611

issn

1699-5198

journal_volume

36

pub_type

杂志文章

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