Abstract:
OBJECTIVES:The goal of this study was to examine the progression of central arterial pulse pressure (cPP) in women and the degree to which this can be reversed by nitrovasodilation. BACKGROUND:cPP can be partitioned into height of the first systolic shoulder (P1), generated by a forward pressure wave and related to arterial stiffness, and augmentation pressure (AP), thought to be influenced by pressure wave reflection from muscular arteries and/or aortic reservoir. METHODS:Using a longitudinal cohort design, cPP, P1, and AP were estimated (using the SphygmoCor System [AtCor Medical Pty Ltd., West Ryde, Australia]) in 411 female twins over a mean follow-up of 10.8 years. In a subsample (n = 42), cPP, arterial stiffness (using pulse wave velocity [PWV]) and arterial diameters (using ultrasonography) were measured before and after nitroglycerin administration (400 μg s/l). RESULTS:cPP increased more than peripheral pulse pressure (10.3 and 9.2 mm Hg, respectively; p < 0.0001). In women <60 years of age at follow-up, AP contributed more to the increase in cPP than did P1 (increases of 6.5 ± 6.4 mm Hg and 4.2 ± 7.8 mm Hg, respectively). P1 was significantly positively correlated to PWV (p < 0.0001); AP was correlated to aorto-femoral tapering (p < 0.0001) but not PWV. Nitroglycerin reduced cPP by 10.0 ± 6.0 mm Hg (p < 0.0001), equivalent to a decade of aging. The reduction in cPP was entirely explained by a decrease in AP, with no significant change in P1 or PWV but an increase in large artery diameters of 4% to 18% (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS:Age-related widening of cPP is driven in large part by an increase in AP, which can be reversed by selective dilation of muscular arteries, independent of PWV.
journal_name
J Am Coll Cardioljournal_title
Journal of the American College of Cardiologyauthors
Cecelja M,Jiang B,Spector TD,Chowienczyk Pdoi
10.1016/j.jacc.2011.10.871subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-01-31 00:00:00pages
475-83issue
5eissn
0735-1097issn
1558-3597pii
S0735-1097(11)04850-9journal_volume
59pub_type
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journal_title:Journal of the American College of Cardiology
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