Abstract：
CONTEXT.—:With increasing use and efficacy of antiretroviral therapy for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, deaths from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining conditions have decreased. OBJECTIVE.—:To examine trends in the cause of death of HIV-infected patients who underwent autopsy at a major New York City hospital from 1984 to 2016, a period including the major epochs of the AIDS epidemic. DESIGN.—:Retrospective review of autopsy records and charts with modeling of trends by logistic regression using polynomial models. RESULTS.—:We identified 252 autopsies in adult patients with AIDS (by 1982 definition) or HIV infection. Prior to widespread use of highly active antiretroviral therapy, in 1984-1995, on average 13 autopsies per year were done. Post-highly active antiretroviral therapy, the average number of autopsies declined to 4.5 per year. The fitted mean age at death was 35 years in 1984 and increased curvilinearly to 46 years (95% CI, 43-49) in 2016 (P < .001). By regression analysis, mean CD4+ T-cell count increased from 6 in 1992 to 64 in 2016 (P = .01). The proportion of AIDS-defining opportunistic infections decreased, from 79% in 1984-1987 to 41% in 2008-2011 and 29% in 2012-2016 (P = .04). The frequency of nonopportunistic infections, however, increased from 37% in 1984-1987 to 73% in 2008-2011 and 57% in 2012-2016 (P = .001). The frequency of AIDS-defining and other malignancies did not change significantly during the study period. The prevalence of atherosclerosis at autopsy rose dramatically, from 21% in 1988-1991 to 54% in 2008-2011 (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS.—:Despite limitations of autopsy studies, many trends in the evolution of the HIV/AIDS epidemic are readily discernable.
journal_name
Arch Pathol Lab Medjournal_title
Archives of pathology & laboratory medicineauthors
Nizami S,Morales C,Hu K,Holzman R,Rapkiewicz Adoi
10.5858/arpa.2019-0144-OAsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-05-01 00:00:00pages
572-579issue
5eissn
0003-9985issn
1543-2165journal_volume
144pub_type
杂志文章abstract：CONTEXT:The differentiation between iron deficiency and a thalassemia syndrome is an important consideration in the investigation of microcytic anemia. OBJECTIVE:An established statistical method was used to demonstrate the importance of considering ethnic background in combination with mean cell volume (MCV) in the i...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1043/0003-9985(2000)124<1320:AATAIT>2.0.CO;2
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:The rapid advances of computer technologies have created a new e-learner generation of "Homo-zappien" students that think and learn differently. Digital gaming is an effective, fun, active, and encouraging way of learning, providing immediate feedback and measurable process. Within the context of ongoing reform...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
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doi：10.1043/2009-0698-OAR1.1
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abstract：CONTEXT:Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is endemic in Uganda and because of the high incidence, diagnosis is often presumed during clinical care and epidemiologic studies. OBJECTIVES:To assess the accuracy of the clinical and the local pathology diagnosis of BL as assessed by an outside pathology review diagnosis and to underst...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1043/2009-0443-EP.1
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT.—:Follicular lymphoma is a common small B-cell lymphoma, likely to be encountered by any practicing pathologist, regardless of specialty. Although the features of typical follicular lymphoma are well known and in most instances easily identifiable, there are lesser-appreciated morphologic appearances that can r...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5858/arpa.2018-0217-RA
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Silicone breast prostheses are medical devices, implanted subcutaneously or subpectorally, that are designed to replace or augment the volume occupied by breast glandular tissue. They are generally effective in creating tissue mounds, and their apparent medical benefit is primarily psychological. Recent data on immuno...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We encountered a rare case of pulmonary phaeohyphomycosis due to Xylohypha bantiana documented by culture. This dematiaceous (darkly pigmented) fungus is primarily neurotropic. It usually produces phaeohyphomycosis of the central nervous system but may also involve the skin and subcutaneous tissues. The patient, a 49-...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fifty-three skin biopsy specimens obtained from the cutaneous rashes of patients who had dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) were studied by immunofluorescence technique. Six specimens showed deposits of IgM, beta 1 C-globulin, dengue antigen, and fibrinogen during the first week of fever. Some but not all of these compone...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate three fluorescent chitin stains for detecting microsporidia spores in specimens from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients with chronic diarrhea. METHODS:We compared the Fungifluor, Calcofluor White, and Fungiqual A fluorochrome stains for identifying Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Sept...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Contamination of nontumor tissue makes genetic analysis difficult. For this reason, it is important to obtain pure tumor tissue to ensure accurate genetic analysis. OBJECTIVE:To accurately assess the incidence of mutation of tumor suppressor genes (p53: exon 5-8; APC: mutated cluster region; NF-2 gene: all ...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1043/0003-9985(2000)124<0382:AUMFMA>2.0.CO;2
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:- Pathologists routinely assess Ki67 immunohistochemistry to grade gastrointestinal and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Unfortunately, manual counts of the Ki67 index are very time consuming and eyeball estimation has been criticized as unreliable. Manual Ki67 counts performed by cytotechnologists could poten...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
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doi：10.5858/arpa.2017-0203-OA
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journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1976-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pathologic study of a rare 11-deoxycorticosterone-producing adrenocortical tumor causing primary aldosteronismlike signs and symptoms, revealed several characteristic features as follows: (1) fairly large size with histologic features corresponding to those of benign zone glomerulosa-type aldosteronoma, (2) lack of sp...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
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更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
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doi：10.5858/arpa.2013-0671-CP
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1977-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Quantitation of T and B lymphocytes in infants and children is an important test in the diagnosis of a suspected immuno-deficiency. Previous studies indicated that the absolute and relative numbers of lymphocyte subpopulations vary with age, but these data in the pediatric age group are incomplete and often contradict...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
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doi：
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
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doi：
更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A unique, uterus-like ovarian mass with central endometriosis was studied. A 31-year-old woman with a ten-year history of endometriosis of the left ovary had surgically excised a left ovarian mass with a central cavity that was lined by endometriotic tissue, which was surrounded in turn by a very thick wall of smooth-...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
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doi：
更新日期：1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:Constipation or recurrent intestinal dysmotility problems are common after definitive surgical treatment in Hirschsprung disease (HD). c-Kit-positive interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) play a key role in the motility function and development of the gastrointestinal tract. Interstitial cells of Cajal that carry ...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
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更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pathogenesis of experimental meningococcal septicemia and the efficacy of heparin sodium therapy were evaluated by inoculating rabbits intraperitoneally with type B meningococci in mucin. Half the rabbits died, and the respiratory distress and circulatory failure that occurred during the terminal phase of the dise...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1976-06-01 00:00:00
