Abstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) still relies mainly on clinical criteria. In present review we will provide an overview of neurochemical ALS biomarkers, which are in the most advanced position on the way towards inclusion into the clinical work-up. RECENT FINDINGS:The field of ALS neurology still lacks a neurochemical marker for routine clinical use. However, this is urgently needed, because it would help in diagnosis, prognostic stratification, and monitoring of drug response. Despite this lack of a routinely used biomarker, in the last decade significant progress has been made in the field. In particular, two molecules have been extensively studied - the light chain and the phosphorylated form of the heavy chain of neurofilaments, NFL and pNFH, respectively - which have demonstrated a high diagnostic performance and promising prognostic value and are therefore ready to be introduced into the clinical scenario. On the other hand, we still lack a neurochemical cerebrospinal fluid or blood biomarker reflecting TDP-43 pathology. SUMMARY:Neurofilaments seem to be ready for clinical use in the early and differential diagnosis of ALS. We also highlight still unresolved issues which deserve further investigation.
journal_name
Curr Opin Neuroljournal_title
Current opinion in neurologyauthors
Verde F,Silani V,Otto Mdoi
10.1097/WCO.0000000000000744subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-10-01 00:00:00pages
747-757issue
5eissn
1350-7540issn
1473-6551journal_volume
32pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Stimulated by the impressive effect of interferon beta on magnetic resonance imaging-detected disease activity, the past year or so has seen a particular interest in the use of magnetic resonance imaging to monitor treatment. To be effective in this regard, there needs to be a high sensitivity and accuracy in detectin...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00019052-199506000-00009
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review aims to describe new features on the epidemiology of encephalitis world-wide. As this neurological presentation is most frequently related to transmitted viruses, surveillance of encephalitis is of major importance to detect their emergence or re-emergence. RECENT FINDINGS:Rabies causes o...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/WCO.0000000000000097
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trauma to the developing brain constitutes an unexplored field. The few studies attempting to model and study paediatric head trauma, the leading cause of death and disability in the paediatric population, have revealed interesting aspects and potential targets for future research. One feature unique to the developing...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00019052-200004000-00005
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The cause of multiple sclerosis remains elusive. We review recent epidemiological studies of genetic and environmental factors that influence susceptibility to the disease and its clinical course. RECENT FINDINGS:Genetic advances strengthen the association of multiple sclerosis with the human leukocy...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.wco.0000227033.47458.82
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::An increasing number of mutations in the CACNA1A gene have been identified, which are associated with a broad clinical spectrum, including familial hemiplegic migraine. Transfection studies and mouse model analyses are currently being undertaken to study the correlation between CACNA1A mutations and disease. ...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00019052-200206000-00014
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:There is an urgent need for effective therapies to restore neurologic function and decrease disability following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Here, emerging findings on the mechanisms of post-TBI neural repair and regeneration, as well as therapeutic implications, are selectively reviewed. RECENT FI...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/WCO.0000000000000265
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Despite the extensive research carried out in the past decades, the current pathophysiological notions of neurodegenerative disease as well as effective treatments to reduce their progression are largely unknown. Alterations of the human microbiota, the plethora of different microscopic organisms that...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/WCO.0000000000000496
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review seeks to describe recent advances in the epidemiology, outcomes, and prognostic factors in acute encephalitis. RECENT FINDINGS:Infectious causes continue to account for the largest proportion of encephalitis cases in which a cause is identified, although autoimmune causes are increasingly...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/WCO.0000000000000199
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The influence of anxiety on ocular motor control and gaze has received less research attention than its effects on postural control and locomotion. This review summarizes research on trait anxiety, state anxiety, anxiety disorders, ocular motor reflexes, and gaze. It applies these findings to clinical...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/WCO.0000000000000055
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review discusses the present use of interventional transcatheter strategies to treat patients with acute brain ischemia and severe stenosis of intracranial large arteries. RECENT FINDINGS:The benefits and risks of opening freshly occluded intracranial large arteries in patients with brain ischem...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/WCO.0000000000000044
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The concept of epilepsy and seizure disorders caused by autoantibodies to specific neuronal membrane proteins has developed significantly during the past few years. RECENT FINDINGS:Antibodies to cell-surface membrane proteins such as voltage-gated potassium channels or N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors,...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/WCO.0b013e32833735fe
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Gadolinium-enhancement depicts blood-brain barrier disruption associated with new inflammatory MRI lesions in multiple sclerosis (MS) and is widely used for diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring. However, earlier and more specific markers of inflammation are urgently needed. RECENT FINDINGS:Susceptibi...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/WCO.0000000000000326
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The recent identification of mutations in five genes coding for proteins with putative or demonstrated glycosyltransferase activity has shed light on a novel mechanism responsible for muscular dystrophy. Abnormal glycosylation of alpha-dystroglycan appears to be a common finding in all these condition...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00019052-200404000-00020
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The successful motor rehabilitation of stroke, traumatic brain-injured and spinal cord-injured patients requires an intensive and task-specific therapy approach. Budget constraints limit a hand-to-hand therapy approach, so that intelligent machines may offer a solution to promote motor recovery and ob...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.wco.0000102630.16692.38
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although reactive oxygen species are natural metabolic products, they can be toxic to cells and are implicated in some neurodegenerative disease. Cytosolic Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase normally defends against damage by reactive oxygen species; however, mutant forms of the enzyme might instead contribute to damage of m...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00019052-199612000-00016
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article reviews recent studies evaluating the clinicopathologic markers of progressive supranuclear palsy, which have helped establish standardized clinical and pathologic diagnostic criteria. Although these criteria increase diagnostic accuracy, the clinical and pathologic overlap between progressive supranuclea...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00019052-199708000-00011
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Tension-type headache is the most common type of headache and, in its chronic form, one of the most neglected and difficult types of headache to treat. Recently published data will be reviewed. RECENT FINDINGS:The prevalence of frequent tension-type headache increased significantly from 1989 to 2001,...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.wco.0000227043.00824.a9
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::With respect to diverse clinical applications for muscle regeneration, this paper discusses the latest markers for identifying skeletal muscle precursor cells in regenerating muscle, the implications of alternative sources of myogenic precursor cells and putative stem cells, and the current status of administration of...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00019052-199910000-00007
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article reviews the current knowledge with regard to neurotoxicity of conventional radiation, including recent understanding of the pathophysiology, molecular biology, diagnostic evaluation and clinical presentations, as well as proposed treatment modalities and possible protective agents. ...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00019052-200112000-00008
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a clinically, pathologically and genetically heterogeneous disorder. Mutations in a number of genes are associated with FTD, although until recently only two [progranulin (GRN) and microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT)] were known to be major causes of the disease....
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/WCO.0b013e32834cd442
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review summarizes currently available treatment options and treatment strategies, investigational treatments, and the importance of exercise for early Parkinson's disease. RECENT FINDINGS:The available treatment options for early Parkinson's disease have changed little in the past decade and inc...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/WCO.0000000000000113
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To give an overview on topics of pupillary function selected according to their relevance in clinical neurology. Mainly publications of the last 3 years have been considered. RECENT FINDINGS:The discovery of photosensitive retinal ganglion cells not serving vision, but serving circadian rhythm and th...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/WCO.0b013e3282f39173
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:New insights into the psychophysiological determinants of performance changes and brain plasticity associated with motor sequence learning have recently been gained through behavioral and imaging studies in healthy individuals. In addition, using a variety of motor sequential paradigms in groups of pa...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/WCO.0b013e328304b6a3
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To review recent developments in the application of stem cells for transplantation therapies in neurodegenerative diseases. RECENT FINDINGS:Stem cell transplantation has the potential to improve function by replacing cells lost to the disease and reconstructing elements of neural circuitry or by prov...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/WCO.0b013e3282f132fc
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two major entities continue to be controversial in the field of clinical myotoxicity: the various myopathies that are induced by the cholesterol-lowering agents and the acute quadriplegic myopathy of intensive care. Both conditions are relatively common, but their pathogenesis is unclear. The problematic issues relate...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00019052-200010000-00006
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Slowly, advances are being made in the understanding and treatment of primary childhood brain tumors. The addition of chemotherapy has resulted in better survival for children with medulloblastoma. For other tumor types, therapeutic advances have been slower. High-dose chemotherapy is increasingly being employed to tr...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00019052-199712000-00005
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The demyelinating disease multiple sclerosis has an autoimmune inflammatory component, which has dominated the description of multiple sclerosis. A degenerative component to multiple sclerosis was always apparent, but was underappreciated until recently. Recent work has brought axonal pathology and br...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.wco.0000073925.19076.f2
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::At the dawning of the present decade, deemed appropriately the Decade of the Spine, acute spinal cord injury lingers as a formidable disorder affecting society. The enormous physical, emotional and socioeconomic impact of acute spinal cord injury on society is well known. Consequently, intensive clinical and laborator...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.wco.0000044768.39452.5b
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Homonymous hemianopia is the commonest form of acquired homonymous visual field defect; the usual causes are stroke, head injury and intracranial tumours. This impairment can affect a variety of cognitive visual functions, including visual search, safe navigation through changing environments and read...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/WCO.0b013e32831f1b2c
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:In recent years, advances in the understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of the immune system has led to the development of new approaches for cancer treatment. Currently, immune checkpoint inhibitors are the first successful examples of this approach and several agents that target cytotoxic lympho...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/WCO.0000000000000391
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00