Abstract：
:Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis is an inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system. Uniform diagnostic criteria for acute disseminated encephalomyelitis did not exist until publication of expert-defined consensus definitions by the International Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Society Group in 2007, with updates in 2013. In the expanding field of pediatric neuroimmunology, consistent diagnostic criteria are essential to correctly categorize patients as increasing information regarding prognosis and management becomes available. Scientific literature is relatively lacking in review articles on International Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Society Group-defined acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. This review focuses primarily on references applying the International Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Society Group criteria for acute disseminated encephalomyelitis presenting specific, up-to-date, and translatable information regarding the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, management, and prognosis of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in the pediatric population.
journal_name
Pediatr Neuroljournal_title
Pediatric neurologyauthors
Cole J,Evans E,Mwangi M,Mar Sdoi
10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2019.06.017subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-11-01 00:00:00pages
26-34eissn
0887-8994issn
1873-5150pii
S0887-8994(18)31161-5journal_volume
100pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:According to increasing evidence, hypothermia can significantly improve outcomes in term neonates manifesting asphyxic insult and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Oxidative stress plays a key role in hypoxic-ischemic and inflammatory brain injuries. We investigated the impact of hypothermia on oxidative stress in babi...
journal_title：Pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2010.05.009
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Throughout the Middle Ages, most representations of the brain amounted to highly schematized ventricles housed within abstract squiggles of neural tissue. The works by the pre-eminent Flemish anatomist Andreas Vesalius in his De Humani Corporis Fabrica (1543) added considerably more accuracy and detail; stil...
journal_title：Pediatric neurology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2017.07.004
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Forty-seven patients (39 boys and 8 girls) with infantile autism whose clinical symptoms had matched the diagnostic criteria of DSM III were studied cytogenetically for the occurrence of fragile X [fra(X)] syndrome. The existence of fra(X) chromosome in these patients was screened first by culturing peripheral blood l...
journal_title：Pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0887-8994(87)90069-5
更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper reports 26 consecutive cases of cerebral cysticercosis in children, 21 presenting with intraparenchymal mass lesions, two with encephalitic disease, and three with intraventricular (racemous) cysticercosis. The intraparenchymal and encephalitic forms of the disease were benign. Regression of the lesions occ...
journal_title：Pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0887-8994(85)90054-2
更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sturge-Weber syndrome is a rare disorder that occurs with a frequency of approximately 1 per 50,000. The disease is characterized by an intracranial vascular anomaly, leptomeningeal angiomatosis, most often involving the occipital and posterior parietal lobes. Facial cutaneous vascular malformations, seizures, and gla...
journal_title：Pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2003.12.015
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe two children from a consanguineous family who manifested mega-corpus callosum, polymicrogyria, and psychomotor retardation. These patients also exhibited the brain anomalies of pontine hypoplasia and an abnormal cerebellar vermis. Our report confirms the genetic nature of megalencephaly-polymicrogyria-mega...
journal_title：Pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2009.09.012
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was undertaken to investigate the protective role of lactate on the hypoxic brain in newborn rats. A total of 107 7-day-old Wistar rats were divided into three groups. The lactate accumulation group was given 5% oxygen and 95% nitrogen for 30 minutes. The lactate elimination group was given 5% oxygen, a con...
journal_title：Pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0887-8994(99)00039-9
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor of the central nervous system is an aggressive infantile embryonal neoplasm, usually presenting as an infratentorial and intraparenchymatous lesion. We report on magnetic resonance imaging findings of a 22-month-old boy with a biopsy-proven primary rhabdoid tumor, presenting as a si...
journal_title：Pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2009.07.019
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Between 1991-2006, nine patients below age 18 years, with a microbiologic documentation of Cryptococcus neoformans infection and no evidence of human immunodeficiency virus infection, were identified and treated at Chang Gung Children's Hospital. All exhibited central nervous system involvement. Seven patients were fe...
journal_title：Pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2009.10.015
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Vascular abnormalities in neurofibromatosis type 1 may arise anywhere in the cardiovascular system, and cerebrovascular involvement is the predominant feature of moyamoya syndrome. Because neurofibromatosis type 1 is a neurocutaneous disorder and routine follow-up with cranial MRI is not standard practice in...
journal_title：Pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2013.04.007
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 4-year-old male developed encephalitis 2 weeks after the onset of varicella. During his evaluation neuroradiologic procedures documented cerebellar edema and demyelination. Cerebrospinal fluid titers confirmed varicella encephalitis. To our knowledge, this patient is the first reported with focal cerebellar edema, a...
journal_title：Pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0887-8994(88)90054-9
更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuroblastoma associated with the paraneoplastic syndrome of opsoclonus-myoclonus is well-described. However, presentation with narcolepsy-cataplexy is not well-documented in the literature. Narcolepsy with cataplexy is also rare in children younger than 5 years of age. Here we describe three patients, each presenting...
journal_title：Pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2012.12.038
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report on a 16-year-old girl with muscular atrophy of a distal upper extremity (Hirayama disease). The disease progressed insidiously, and during our first examination, she exhibited weakness and wasting in the right hand, accompanied by cold paresis. No sensory disturbance was evident. A nerve conduction test reve...
journal_title：Pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2010.03.015
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Rituximab (anti-CD20) has been used as B-cell-targeted intervention to treat opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. Due to isolated reports of chronic hypogammaglobulinemia and B lymphopenia following rituximab in several disorders, and rapid B-cell depletion after a few doses, we reduced the dosage 20% in our clini...
journal_title：Pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2018.05.003
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sturge-Weber syndrome without facial nevus is rare. Twenty-four cases were previously reported. Although hypomelanosis of Ito is a relatively common disorder, there was only one previous case in association with Sturge-Weber syndrome. We describe an 11-year-old boy with Sturge-Weber syndrome without facial nevus, coex...
journal_title：Pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2008.11.017
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Niemann-Pick type C disease is an autosomal-recessive, inherited neurovisceral lipid storage disorder. This disease results from either protein NPC1 or HE1 deficiency, which leads to cholesterol metabolism disturbance and is characterized by early hepatosplenomegaly and progressive ataxia, dystonia, cataplexy, dysarth...
journal_title：Pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0887-8994(03)00219-4
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A morphometric magnetic resonance imaging study was performed, and the results were compared among three groups (group 1, periventricular leukomalacia patients with West syndrome; group 2, periventricular leukomalacia patients without West syndrome; and group 3, control patients) to clarify the characteristics and cau...
journal_title：Pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0887-8994(98)00081-2
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rett syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder that almost exclusively affects females. The clinical course as well as the electroencephalogram pattern are characteristic and have been correlated to the clinical stages of the disease. Sixty to 70 percent of the patients develop epilepsy. The aim of this retrospective ...
journal_title：Pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2006.10.003
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Weight loss is one of the most frequent side effects of topiramate treatment. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of topiramate on body mass index, serum glucose, insulin, cortisol, leptin, and neuropeptide-Y levels and the role of these variables on the pathogenesis of weight loss in prepuber...
journal_title：Pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2014.05.001
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Acute intermittent porphyria is an inherited disease that is rarely diagnosed in prepubertal children. It can affect the autonomic, peripheral, and central nervous system. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is a clinicoradiological entity characterized by headache, seizures, altered consciousness, ...
journal_title：Pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2014.05.016
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:G(M2)-gangliosidosis is a neurodegenerative lysosomal disease with several clinical variants. We describe a 2-year-old black child with juvenile-onset disease, who presented with abnormal eye movements and cherry-red spots of the maculae. Mutation analysis of the HEXA gene revealed the patient to be a compound heteroz...
journal_title：Pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2007.12.004
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Prevalence and contribution of intracranial and extracranial arterial stenosis to stroke risk were assessed prospectively in children and young adults with sickle cell disease. METHODS:In this cross-sectional study, children and young adults (mean = 19.4 years) with sickle cell disease underwent neurologica...
journal_title：Pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2020.10.006
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relatively high incidence of persistent post-traumatic headache and vertigo in children and adolescents presents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. It is often difficult to differentiate between functional complaints generated by psychological trauma or compensation-seeking and symptoms reflecting an organic ...
journal_title：Pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0887-8994(86)90058-5
更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The identification of a biomarker for sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) has the potential to save lives. Generalized convulsive seizures and postictal generalized suppression on electroencephalography (EEG) most often precede sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) and are potential biomarkers....
journal_title：Pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2017.06.018
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurophysiologic intraoperative monitoring, using somatosensory, brainstem auditory, and visual evoked potentials, transcranial electric motor stimulation, and electromyography, is typically used during complex surgeries involving the motor and sensory cortex, brainstem, cranial nerves, spinal cord, nerve root, periph...
journal_title：Pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2010.11.008
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Traumatic spinal epidural hematoma (TSEH) is rare in children. Only three cases of TSEH were documented in the pediatric literature. This clinical note presents an infant with TSEH but no risk factors. Without magnetic resonance imaging examination, children with TSEH and minor symptoms may be missed and under reporte...
journal_title：Pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0887-8994(00)00151-x
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Sulfatides, the most abundant glycosphingolipids, are a major component of myelin. They are degraded by the combined action of sphingolipid activator protein and arylsulfatase A. Deficiency of either of these entities causes metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD). On the basis of age of onset, this entity is div...
journal_title：Pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2014.01.028
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:We evaluated the levels of cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and interleukin-8 in bacterial meningitis in children. METHODS:The study included children up to 14 years of age admitted to a pediatric ward with fever, headache, vomiting, and seizures. The diagnosis of...
journal_title：Pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2013.08.016
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The outcome of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia has improved because of intensive chemotherapy and supportive care. The frequency of adverse events has also increased, but the data related to acute central nervous system complications during acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment are sparse. The purpos...
journal_title：Pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2015.03.006
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:In this study, we aimed to determine the serum, urine, and saliva levels of acyl ghrelin, des-acyl ghrelin, and obestatin in the newly diagnosed idiopathic generalized pediatric epilepsy patients in the pretreatment period and in the third month of valproic acid. MATERIAL AND METHODS:Thirty pre- and post-...
journal_title：Pediatric neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2014.05.014
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
