Abstract:
:Two primary animal models persist for assessing hallucinogenic potential of novel compounds and for examining the pharmacological and neurobiological substrates underlying the actions of classical hallucinogens, the two-lever drug discrimination procedure and the drug-induced head-twitch response (HTR) in rodents. The substituted amphetamine hallucinogen, serotonin 2 (5-HT(2) ) receptor agonist, 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI) has emerged as the most popular pharmacological tool used in HTR studies of hallucinogens. Synthesizing classic, recent, and relatively overlooked findings, addressing ostensibly conflicting observations, and considering contemporary theories in receptor and behavioural pharmacology, this review provides an up-to-date and comprehensive synopsis of DOI and the HTR model, from neural mechanisms to utility for understanding psychiatric diseases. Also presented is support for the argument that, although both the two-lever drug discrimination and the HTR models in rodents are useful for uncovering receptors, interacting proteins, intracellular signalling pathways, and neurochemical processes affected by DOI and related classical hallucinogens, results from both models suggest they are not reporting hallucinogenic experiences in animals.
journal_name
Drug Test Analjournal_title
Drug testing and analysisauthors
Canal CE,Morgan Ddoi
10.1002/dta.1333subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-07-01 00:00:00pages
556-76issue
7-8eissn
1942-7603issn
1942-7611journal_volume
4pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Several clinical-grade immunoassays exist for the specific measurement of hGH or its isoforms in blood but there is an urgent need to apply these same reliable assays to the measurement of hGH in urine as a preferred 'non-invasive' biofluid. Unfortunately, conventional hGH immunoassays cannot attain the sensitivity re...
journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
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journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
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journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
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journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
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journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
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journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
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journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
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journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
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journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
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journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
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journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
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journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
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journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
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journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
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journal_title:Drug testing and analysis
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