Abstract:
:Despite advances in diagnosis, antimicrobial therapy and supportive care modalities, community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in patients who require hospitalization. Elderly patients with poor functional status are characterized by a higher risk of developing severe CAP, due to the frequent presence of underlying respiratory and cardiac diseases, alteration of mental status, and immunosuppression. In recent years, changes in the healthcare system have shifted a considerable part of older patient care from hospitals to the community, and the traditional distinction between community- and hospital-acquired infections has become less clear. Pneumonia occurring among outpatients in contact with the healthcare system has been termed healthcare-associated pneumonia. Older frail patients have a high frequency of aspiration pneumonia and pneumonia due to gram-negative bacilli and other multidrug resistant pathogens. The contemporary presence of renal impairment usually requires specific dose adjustment of antibiotic therapy, which may be toxic in this specific patient population. This review produces a summary of therapeutic recommendations on the basis of the most updated clinical and pharmacological data.
journal_name
Intern Emerg Medjournal_title
Internal and emergency medicineauthors
Falcone M,Blasi F,Menichetti F,Pea F,Violi Fdoi
10.1007/s11739-012-0796-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-10-01 00:00:00pages
415-24issue
5eissn
1828-0447issn
1970-9366journal_volume
7pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The objective of this study was to prospectively assess the prevalence, predictors and prognostic significance of microalbuminuria in a large cohort of consecutive acute cardiac patients, admitted to an intensive cardiac care unit from 1 January 2008 to 30 June 2009. In 815 acute cardiac patients, microalbuminuria is ...
journal_title:Internal and emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11739-011-0619-2
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypertension and diabetes are known risk factors for obesity-related thrombosis, but several studies have shown that obesity is characterised by a potentially prothrombotic inflammatory state because of activated coagulation and impaired fibrinolysis. In order to verify if obese patients-unaffected by hypertension, di...
journal_title:Internal and emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11739-011-0522-x
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The primary study objective is to compare the outcomes of patients taking oral anticoagulant medications in two distinct populations treated according to different management models (comprehensive vs. usual care). (Design: regional prospective cohort study; setting: hospital admission data from two regions). Eligible ...
journal_title:Internal and emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11739-019-02148-7
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In addition to cardiac output, oxygen delivery is determined by the amount of oxygen carried by hemoglobin, which is estimated by the product of hemoglobin level and peripheral hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SpO2). Optimal hemoglobin concentration for post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS) has not yet been investigated th...
journal_title:Internal and emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11739-015-1386-2
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microorganisms and plants produce bioactive metabolites that are potentially useful in the treatment of disease. We have designed and synthesized DHMEQ as a specific inhibitor of NF-κB based on the structure of epoxyquinomicin. It directly binds to NF-κB components to inhibit DNA-binding and was shown to be endowed wi...
journal_title:Internal and emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11739-013-0922-1
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose was to examine the association between e-cigarette use and smoking cessation according to quit duration in Greece in 2017. A cross-sectional survey of a representative sample of adults living in Attica prefecture was performed in May 2017 through telephone interviews. The present analysis was confined to c...
journal_title:Internal and emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11739-018-02023-x
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The high cardiovascular risk burden in low- and middle-income countries is expected to lead to an explosive increase in chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, population data on CKD from these countries are scarce. Therefore, we assessed kidney health in Suriname. In the Healthy Life in Suriname (HeliSur) study, a ran...
journal_title:Internal and emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11739-018-1962-3
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, thanks to the development of miniaturized ultrasound devices, comparable to personal computers, tablets and even to smart phones, we have seen an increasing use of bedside ultrasound in internal medicine departments as a novel kind of ultrasound stethoscope. The clinical ultrasound-assisted approach h...
journal_title:Internal and emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11739-014-1113-4
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The article Reversal agents for oral anticoagulant-associated major or life-threatening bleeding, written by Marco Moia, Alessandro Squizzato was originally published electronically on the publisher's internet portal (currently SpringerLink) on 24 August 2019 without open access. ...
journal_title:Internal and emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,已发布勘误
doi:10.1007/s11739-019-02232-y
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Use of etomidate in severe sepsis and septic shock has been challenged in recent literature due to its link to adrenal insufficiency and suspected increased mortality. We hypothesized that etomidate does not contribute to mortality in this patient population. A retrospective chart review of 230 intubated, severe sepsi...
journal_title:Internal and emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11739-011-0553-3
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute bacterial meningitis is rare, but can be fulminant unless rapidly evaluated and treated. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether serum procalcitonin (PCT) levels could predict unfavorable outcomes of bacterial meningitis. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 604 meningitis patients from the e...
journal_title:Internal and emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11739-016-1509-4
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiovascular disease and cancer incidence and prevalence have risen over the past few decades to become the leading causes of death. On the one hand, cancer patients will be treated with cardiotoxic chemotherapies; on the other, cardiovascular patients will receive a new diagnosis of cancer and will have to face tre...
journal_title:Internal and emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11739-014-1064-9
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of cognitive impairment (CogI) in patients hospitalized for congestive heart failure, and the influence of CogI on mortality and hospital readmission. This is a multicenter cohort study of patients hospitalized for congestive heart failure enrolled in the RICA...
journal_title:Internal and emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11739-020-02400-5
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The CORP (COlchicine for Recurrent Pericarditis) trial [7]is a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled, multicenter trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of colchicine (1.0–2.0 mg on the first day, followed by a maintenance dose of 0.5–1.0 mg/day for 6 months) in association with conventional ant...
journal_title:Internal and emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s11739-012-0775-z
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A difficult airway may lead to hypoxia and brain damage. The WEI Nasal Jet Tube (WNJ) is a new nasal pharyngeal tube that applies supraglottic jet oxygenation and ventilation (SJOV) for patients during tracheal intubation without the need for mask ventilation. We evaluated the effectiveness and safety of SJOV-assisted...
journal_title:Internal and emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11739-016-1531-6
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Current guidelines for evaluation of syncope recommend that in the absence of objective focal neurologic findings, head computed tomography (HCT) may not be necessary. Compliance with this recommendation is highly variable, which may be due in part to the lack of currently available evidence. We undertook the...
journal_title:Internal and emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02936543
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In heart failure survival is closely related to functional capacity. Peak O2 consumption at cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) is considered the gold standard for the evaluation of exercise tolerance. Since >70% of patients with heart failure, usually elderly or with significant comorbidities, are referred to Depart...
journal_title:Internal and emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11739-008-0130-6
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the effect of body mass index (BMI) on intubation success rates and complications during emergency airway management. We retrospectively analyzed an airway registry at an academic medical center. The primary outcomes were the incidence of difficult intubation and complication rates, stratified by BMI. We ...
journal_title:Internal and emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11739-012-0874-x
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is one of the most common complications of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We planned a prospective study to address tolerability and efficacy of sucrosomial iron, a new oral formulation of ferric pyrophosphate, in IBD patients. Thirty patients with a confirmed diagnosis of Crohn's Disea...
journal_title:Internal and emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11739-018-1993-9
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our aim was to prospectively investigate the impact of Behçet's disease (BD), disease activity, and clinical and demographic characteristics on different aspects of quality of life (QoL) measured by the short-form (SF)-36 QoL scale. We administered the SF-36 to 37 consecutive BD patients in different moments of diseas...
journal_title:Internal and emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11739-017-1691-z
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anthracyclines are extensively used in oncologic patients, in particular for breast cancer and hematological malignancies. Cardiac injury is a potentially dangerous side effect of these drugs. In this systematic review, we analyzed published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess if potential cardioprotective d...
journal_title:Internal and emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11739-020-02508-8
更新日期:2020-10-03 00:00:00
abstract::Elderly patients are under-represented in trials assessing strategies of early coronary revascularization in acute myocardial infarction, though they are the fastest growing segment of our population. The aims of the present investigation, performed in 357 elderly (≥75 years) patients with ST elevation myocardial infa...
journal_title:Internal and emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11739-010-0459-5
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors have investigated the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) and short-term mortality following an activated STEMI and stroke alert at a tertiary referral and academic center. A single center, retrospective chart review of STEMI and stroke activation patients from January 2010 to March 2012. Data was colle...
journal_title:Internal and emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11739-016-1407-9
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The most relevant manifestation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is interstitial pneumonia. Several lung ultrasound (US) protocols for pneumonia diagnosis are used in clinical practice, but none has been proposed for COVID-19 patients' screening in the emergency department. We adopted a simplified 6-scan lung US...
journal_title:Internal and emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11739-020-02596-6
更新日期:2021-01-11 00:00:00
abstract::Medical therapy in patients with more than one pathology means using more pharmaceuticals, which results in a higher risk of drug interactions which are modifications in the action of one drug when it is administered in the presence of another. The consequences can be diminished therapeutic effect or increased adverse...
journal_title:Internal and emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11739-011-0680-x
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Oral anticoagulants (OAs) are significantly more effective than Aspirin in the prevention of cerebrovascular accidents among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Several studies, however, showed OAs to be widely underused in these patients. OBJECTIVE:To assess the appropriateness of antithrombotic ther...
journal_title:Internal and emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11739-007-0005-2
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute aortic syndromes (AASs) are deadly cardiovascular emergencies involving the thoracic aorta. AASs are relatively rare conditions, have unspecific signs and symptoms (including truncal pain, syncope, neurologic deficit and limb ischemia) and require contrast-enhanced tomography angiography (CTA) of the chest and a...
journal_title:Internal and emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11739-020-02354-8
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic and acquired motor-neuron-disorders (MNDs) may undergo acute deterioration resulting in various emergency situations. This literature review aims at summarising and discussing current knowledge about emergencies in MNDs. Emergencies that have been reported in MND patients include: respiratory, bulbar, cardiac,...
journal_title:Internal and emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11739-017-1644-6
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite its rarity, infliximab-related hepatitis constitutes a cutting edge and challenging problem. In December 2004, a drug warning was issued by the Food and Drug Administration to alert healthcare professionals to the risk of hepatotoxicity in course of infliximab therapy. Subsequently, several reports of probable...
journal_title:Internal and emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11739-009-0342-4
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cirrhosis is characterized by a complex coagulation defect leading to the prolongation of the prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin times (PT and APTT). Arbitrary PT cut-off values are still used as a yardstick to guide treatment with fresh-frozen plasma (FFP) or other pro-coagulant agents in patients under...
journal_title:Internal and emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11739-011-0528-4
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00