Hand-held tools with complex kinematics are efficiently incorporated into movement planning and online control.

abstract：:We investigated the topography of human cortical activation during an antisaccade task by focal transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). We used a figure-eight shaped coil, with the stimulus intensity set just above the threshold for activation of the hand motor areas but weak enough not to elicit blinks. TMS was deli...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Terao Y,Fukuda H,Ugawa Y,Hikosaka O,Hanajima R,Furubayashi T,Sakai K,Miyauchi S,Sasaki Y,Kanazawa I

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. The propagation of antidromically activated action potentials in CA1 pyramidal neurons was examined with intrasomatic and intradendritic electrical recording and optical measurements using the fluorescent calcium indicator Calcium Green-1. 2. In somatic recordings, trains of 40 action potentials, activated at rates...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Callaway JC,Ross WN

更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adult rats were submitted to a complete spinal cord transection at T9 level to address peripheral and spinal reflex changes in the caudal lumbar segments. Compound muscle and nerve action potentials decreased in amplitude and increased their duration between 14 and 30 days but recovered to near to normal values therea...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Valero-Cabré A,Forés J,Navarro X

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several qualitative features distinguish bipedal from quadrupedal locomotion in mammals. In this study we show quantitative differences between quadrupedal and bipedal gait in the Japanese monkey in terms of gait patterns, trunk/hindlimb kinematics, and electromyographic (EMG) activity, obtained from 3 macaques during...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Higurashi Y,Maier MA,Nakajima K,Morita K,Fujiki S,Aoi S,Mori F,Murata A,Inase M

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Abductor hallucis is the largest muscle in the arch of the human foot and comprises few motor units relative to its physiological cross-sectional area. It has been described as a postural muscle, aiding in the stabilization of the longitudinal arch during stance and gait. The purpose of this study was to describe the ...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Kelly LA,Racinais S,Cresswell AG

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During seizure-like events (SLEs), intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) increases causing depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane and subsequent intramitochondrial accumulation of Ca2+. Mitochondrial depolarization results in an interruption of oxidative phosphorylation and increase in reactive oxygen speci...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Schuchmann S,Buchheim K,Meierkord H,Heinemann U

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The spider VS-3 slit-sense organ contains two types of primary mechanoreceptor neurons that are morphologically similar but have different electrical behavior. Type A neurons fire only one or two action potentials in response to a mechanical or electrical step of any amplitude above the threshold, whereas type B neuro...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Torkkeli PH,French AS

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. Large, projection-like neurons from the adult (> 3 wk post-natal) rat globus pallidus (GP) were acutely isolated and subjected to whole-cell voltage-clamp (n = 37). Ca2+ currents were isolated pharmacologically in cells with whole-cell capacitances of 15-34 pF. 2. With 5 mM Ba2+ as a charge carrier, whole-cell curr...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Surmeier DJ,Seno N,Kitai ST

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using extra- and intracellular recording techniques, we investigated the epileptiform activity induced by low concentrations (5 and 10 microM) of bath-applied 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) in the CA3 subfield of rat hippocampal slices. We also studied the effects of 4-AP on the excitatory and inhibitory synaptic conductance ...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Rutecki PA,Lebeda FJ,Johnston D

更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The connectivity of large neurons of the nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis (NRGc) in the medullary reticular formation potentially allows both for the integration of stimuli, in several modalities, that would demand immediate action, and for coordinated activation of cortical and motoric activity. We have simultan...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Martin EM,Pavlides C,Pfaff D

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. The aim of this study was to characterize the signals transmitted by neurons of the medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) to the middle zone of the flocculus in alert cats. 2. Bipolar stimulating electrodes were implanted into the middle zone of each flocculus, because this zone is known to be involved in the control of ...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Cheron G,Escudero M,Godaux E

更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. We have examined the effects of iontophoresing specific antagonists to excitatory amino acid receptors on the visual responses of cells in lamina A or A1 of the cat's lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). 2. Cells were classified as On- or Off-center, X or Y, and lagged or nonlagged. The effects of antagonists were stu...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Kwon YH,Esguerra M,Sur M

更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies have pointed to olfactory system beta oscillations of the local field potential (15-30 Hz) and their roles both in learning and as specific responses to predator odors. To describe odorant physical properties, resultant behavioral responses and changes in the central olfactory system that may induce the...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Lowry CA,Kay LM

更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Basal ganglia circuits are organized as parallel loops that have been proposed to compete in a winner-take-all fashion to determine the appropriate behavioral outcome. However, limited experimental support for strong lateral inhibition mechanisms within striatal regions questions this model. Here, stimulation of the p...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Gruber AJ,Powell EM,O'Donnell P

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. We recorded single cell activities in the caudate nucleus of the monkeys trained to perform a series of visuomotor tasks. In the first part of this paper, we summarize the types and locations of neurons in the monkey caudate nucleus. In the second part, we report the characteristics of neurons related to saccadic e...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Hikosaka O,Sakamoto M,Usui S

更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Some neurons in early visual cortex are highly selective for the position of oriented edges in their receptive fields (simple cells), whereas others are largely position insensitive (complex cells). These characteristics are reflected in their sensitivity to the spatial phase of moving sine-wave gratings: simple cell ...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Cloherty SL,Ibbotson MR

更新日期：2015-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the past 3 decades, various algorithms used to decompose the electromyographic (EMG) signal into its constituent motor unit action potentials (MUAPs) have been reported. All are limited to decomposing EMG signals from isometric contraction. In this report, we describe a successful approach to decomposing the surf...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： De Luca CJ,Chang SS,Roy SH,Kline JC,Nawab SH

更新日期：2015-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:1. Voltage-dependent K+ currents were studied in normal rat anterior pituitary cells using the patch-clamp technique. To obtain cultures enriched for lactotrophs, density gradient centrifugation was performed on pituitary cells isolated from lactating rats. 2. Depolarizations to about -30 mV from a holding potential o...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Herrington J,Lingle CJ

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. The statistical properties of the bursting potassium channel from fused Torpedo synaptosomes were studied by using patch-clamp recording and time series analysis. 2. Voltage steps produce channel openings; the number of channels opening fluctuates from trial to trial. The maximal current observed in each trial is s...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Rahamimoff R,Edry-Schiller J,Ginsburg S

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Octopus cells in the posteroventral cochlear nucleus (PVCN) of mammals are biophysically specialized to detect coincident firing in the population of auditory nerve fibers that provide their synaptic input and to convey its occurrence with temporal precision. The precision in the timing of action potentials depends on...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Bal R,Oertel D

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well recognized that the brain uses sensory information to accurately produce motor commands. Indeed, most research into the relationship between sensory and motor systems has focused on how sensory information modulates motor function. In contrast, recent studies have begun to investigate the reverse: how senso...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Wong JD,Wilson ET,Gribble PL

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The neurons in the intermediate layers of the monkey superior colliculus (SC) that discharge before saccadic eye movements can be divided into at least two types, burst and buildup neurons, and the differences in their characteristics are compatible with different functional contributions of the two cell types. It has...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Aizawa H,Wurtz RH

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. This paper reports the results of an investigation of the basic mechanisms underlying intersegmental coordination in lamprey locomotion, by the use of a combined mathematical and biological approach. 2. Mathematically, the lamprey central pattern generator (CPG) is described as a chain of coupled nonlinear oscillat...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Williams TL,Sigvardt KA,Kopell N,Ermentrout GB,Remler MP

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cortical pyramidal cells are constantly bombarded by synaptic activity, much of which arises from other cortical neurons, both in normal conditions and during epileptic seizures. The action potentials generated by barrages of synaptic activity may exhibit a variable site of origin. Here we performed simultaneous whole...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Shu Y,Duque A,Yu Y,Haider B,McCormick DA

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding how the brain processes sensory input to generate behavior remains an important problem in neuroscience. Towards this end, it is useful to compare results obtained across multiple species to gain understanding as to the general principles of neural coding. Here we investigated hindbrain pyramidal cell ac...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Martinez D,Metzen MG,Chacron MJ

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Animal studies have suggested that tissue injury-related increased levels of glutamate may be involved in peripheral nociceptive mechanisms in deep craniofacial tissues. Indeed, injection of glutamate (0.1-1 M, 10 microl) into the temporomandibular region evokes reflex jaw muscle responses through activation of periph...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Cairns BE,Hu JW,Arendt-Nielsen L,Sessle BJ,Svensson P

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:If a laterally displacing prism is placed in front of one eye of a person or monkey with the other eye occluded, they initially will point to one side of a target that is located directly in front of them. Normally, people and monkeys adapt easily to the displaced vision and correct their aim after a few trials. If th...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Baizer JS,Kralj-Hans I,Glickstein M

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated spike-frequency adaptation of neurons sensitive to interaural phase disparities (IPDs) in the inferior colliculus (IC) of urethane-anesthetized guinea pigs using a stimulus paradigm designed to exclude the influence of adaptation below the level of binaural integration. The IPD-step stimulus consists o...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Ingham NJ,McAlpine D

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. The response to an optimally oriented stimulus of both simple and complex cells in the cat's striate visual cortex (area 17) can be suppressed by the superposition of an orthogonally oriented drifting grating. This effect is referred to as cross-orientation suppression. We have examined the spatial organization and...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： DeAngelis GC,Robson JG,Ohzawa I,Freeman RD

更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcranial DC stimulation (tDCS) induces stimulation polarity-dependent neuroplastic excitability shifts in the human brain. Because it accomplishes long-lasting effects and its application is simple, it is used increasingly. However, one drawback is its low focality, caused by 1) the large stimulation electrode and...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Nitsche MA,Doemkes S,Karaköse T,Antal A,Liebetanz D,Lang N,Tergau F,Paulus W

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00