Development of robotic mobility for infants: rationale and outcomes.

Abstract:

OBJECTIVES:To assess the feasibility of a robotic mobility device for infants using alternative control interfaces aimed at promoting early self-initiated mobility, and to assess the effects of a training protocol and robot experience. DESIGN:Observational and pre-post quantitative case studies. SETTING:Standardised, research laboratory and day-care centres with toys and individuals familiar to infants. PARTICIPANTS:Children with and without disabilities, aged 5 months to 3 years. INTERVENTIONS:In each study, infants were seated over a Pioneer™ 3-DX mobile robot. Some infants controlled the directional movement of the robot by weight shifting their body on a Nintendo® Wii™ Balance Board (the WeeBot), while others used a modified joystick. Infants participated in five sessions over 2 to 5 weeks. Sessions consisted of administering a 10-minute training protocol preceded and followed by 2 to 3 minutes of free play. One child with motor impairment used a button switch array and a different experimental design. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:From the videotaped free-play periods, goal-directed behaviours were coded and time in motion was measured. In the training period, a scoring system was developed to measure the infants' driving performance. RESULTS:Preliminary outcomes indicate that infants without disabilities, aged 5 to 10 months, demonstrated significant improvement in driving performance and goal-directed movement using the WeeBot. Infants who used the joystick were less successful on all measures. Results for infants with disabilities using the WeeBot were mixed. CONCLUSIONS:Mobile robots offer promise to enhance the development of early self-mobility. Novel types of interfaces, such as the WeeBot, warrant further investigation.

journal_name

Physiotherapy

journal_title

Physiotherapy

authors

Larin HM,Dennis CW,Stansfield S

doi

10.1016/j.physio.2012.06.005

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2012-09-01 00:00:00

pages

230-7

issue

3

eissn

0031-9406

issn

1873-1465

pii

S0031-9406(12)00065-X

journal_volume

98

pub_type

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