Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Alcohol related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND) falls under the umbrella of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), but individuals do not demonstrate the facial characteristics associated with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), making diagnosis difficult. While attentional problems in ARND are similar to those found in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the underlying impairment in attention pathways may be different. METHODS:Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of a working memory (1-back) task of 63 children, 10 to 14 years old, diagnosed with ARND and ADHD, as well as typically developing (TD) controls, was conducted at 3 T. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data were also acquired. RESULTS:Activations were observed in posterior parietal and occipital regions in the TD group and in dorsolateral prefrontal and posterior parietal regions in the ARND group, whereas the ADHD group activated only dorsolateral prefrontal regions, during the working memory component of the task (1-back minus 0-back contrast). The increases in frontal and parietal activity were significantly greater in the ARND group compared to the other groups. This increased activity was associated with reduced accuracy and increased response time variability, suggesting that ARND subjects exert greater effort to manage short-term memory load. Significantly greater intra-subject variability, demonstrated by fMRI region-of-interest analysis, in the ADHD and ARND groups compared to the TD group suggests that moment-to-moment lapses in attention contributed to their poorer task performance. Differences in functional activity in ARND subjects with and without a diagnosis of ADHD resulted primarily from reduced activation by the ARND/ADHD + group during the 0-back task. In contrast, children with ADHD alone clearly showed reduced activations during the 1-back task. DTI analysis revealed that the TD group had significantly higher total tract volume and number of fibers than the ARND group. These measures were negatively correlated with errors on the 1-back task, suggesting a link between white matter integrity and task performance. CONCLUSIONS:fMRI activations suggest that the similar behavior of children with ARND and ADHD on a spatial working memory task is the result of different cognitive events. The nature of ADHD in children with ARND appears to differ from that of children with ADHD alone.
journal_name
J Neurodev Disordjournal_title
Journal of neurodevelopmental disordersauthors
Malisza KL,Buss JL,Bolster RB,de Gervai PD,Woods-Frohlich L,Summers R,Clancy CA,Chudley AE,Longstaffe Sdoi
10.1186/1866-1955-4-12subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-05-18 00:00:00pages
12issue
1eissn
1866-1947issn
1866-1955pii
1866-1955-4-12journal_volume
4pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Gaze processing deficits are a seminal, early, and enduring behavioral deficit in autism spectrum disorder (ASD); however, a comprehensive characterization of the neural processes mediating abnormal gaze processing in ASD has yet to be conducted. METHODS:This study investigated whole-brain patterns of neura...
journal_title:Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1866-1955-6-15
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic imprinting disease that causes developmental and behavioral disturbances resulting from loss of expression of genes from the paternal chromosome 15q11-q13 region. In about 70% of subjects, this portion of the paternal chromosome is deleted, while 25% have two copies of the mate...
journal_title:Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11689-010-9051-6
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::To examine brain volumes in substructures associated with the behavioral features of children with FXS compared to children with idiopathic autism and controls. A cross-sectional study of brain substructures was conducted at the first time-point as part of an ongoing longitudinal MRI study of brain development in FXS....
journal_title:Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11689-009-9009-8
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The paper argues that both evolutionary and genetic approaches to studying the biological foundations of speech and language could benefit from fractionating the problem at a finer grain, aiming not to map genetics to "language"-or even subdomains of language such as "phonology" or "syntax"-but rather to link genetic ...
journal_title:Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11689-011-9097-0
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is the most common micro-deletion syndrome. The associated 22q11.2 deletion conveys the strongest known molecular risk for schizophrenia. Neurodevelopmental phenotypes, including intellectual disability, are also prominent though variable in severity. Other developmental...
journal_title:Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s11689-015-9113-x
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show impairment in reciprocal social communication, which includes deficits in social cognition and behavior. Since social cognition and social behavior are considered to be interdependent, it is valuable to examine social processes on multiple levels of analysis....
journal_title:Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1866-1955-6-35
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) exhibit a shared phenotype that involves executive dysfunctions including impairments in mental flexibility (MF). It is of interest to understand if this phenotype stems from some shared neurobiology. METHODS:To investigate this possibility, we used magnetoe...
journal_title:Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s11689-019-9280-2
更新日期:2019-08-19 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s11689-016-9179-0.]. ...
journal_title:Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1186/s11689-017-9192-y
更新日期:2017-03-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:One of the most common genetic variants associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are duplications of chromosome 15q11.2-q13.1 (Dup15q syndrome). To identify distinctive developmental and behavioral features in Dup15q syndrome, we examined the social communication, adaptive, and cognitive skills in clin...
journal_title:Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s11689-016-9152-y
更新日期:2016-05-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Salla disease (SD) is a rare lysosomal storage disorder leading to severe intellectual disability. SD belongs to the Finnish disease heritage, and it is caused by mutations in the SLC17A5 gene. The aim of the study was to investigate the course of neurocognitive features of SD patients in a long-term follow-...
journal_title:Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s11689-015-9116-7
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:: For decades, researchers have sought to clarify the nature of the social communication impairments in autism, highlighting impaired or atypical 'social attention' as a key measurable construct that helps to define the core impairment of social communication. In this paper, we provide an overview of research on social...
journal_title:Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1866-1955-4-11
更新日期:2012-05-17 00:00:00
abstract::Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common form of inherited intellectual disability (ID). Anxiety and social withdrawal are considered core features of the FXS phenotype, yet there is limited diagnostic evidence of the prevalence of formal anxiety disorders in FXS. This study assessed the prevalence of anxiety disor...
journal_title:Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11689-010-9067-y
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent studies link autism spectrum disorders (ASD) with an altered balance between excitation and inhibition (E/I balance) in cortical networks. The brain oscillations in high gamma-band (50-120 Hz) are sensitive to the E/I balance and may appear useful biomarkers of certain ASD subtypes. The frequency of g...
journal_title:Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s11689-015-9121-x
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent advances in understanding molecular and synaptic mechanisms of intellectual disabilities (ID) in fragile X syndrome (FXS) and Down syndrome (DS) through animal models have led to targeted controlled trials with pharmacological agents designed to normalize these underlying mechanisms and improve clinic...
journal_title:Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s11689-016-9167-4
更新日期:2016-09-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show marked impairment in social functioning and poor adaptation to new and changing contexts, which may be influenced by underlying regulatory processes. Oxytocin (OT) and cortisol are key neuromodulators of biological and behavioral responses, show a synergistic...
journal_title:Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s11689-016-9165-6
更新日期:2016-08-18 00:00:00
abstract::Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is caused by an expanded CGG repeat (>200 repeats) in the 5' un-translated portion of the fragile X mental retardation 1 gene (FMR1) leading to a deficiency or absence of the FMR1 protein (FMRP). FMRP is an RNA-binding protein that regulates the translation of a number of other genes that are ...
journal_title:Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11689-011-9084-5
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Autonomic dysfunction is implicated in a range of psychological conditions, including depression and anxiety. The fragile X mental retardation-1 (FMR1) premutation is a common genetic mutation that affects ~1:150 women and is associated with psychological vulnerability. This study examined cardiac indicators...
journal_title:Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s11689-017-9197-6
更新日期:2017-05-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The profile of cognitive and behavioral variation observed in individuals with fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common known cause of inherited intellectual impairment, suggests aberrant functioning of specific brain systems. Research investigating animal models of FXS, characterized by limited or lack of ...
journal_title:Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1866-1955-5-20
更新日期:2013-08-28 00:00:00
abstract::Turner syndrome (TS) is one of the most common sex chromosome abnormalities. Affected individuals often show a unique pattern of cognitive strengths and weaknesses and are at increased risk for a number of other neurodevelopmental conditions, many of which are more common in typical males than typical females (e.g., a...
journal_title:Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11689-011-9089-0
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show a relative indifference to the human voice. Accordingly, and contrarily to their typically developed peers, adults with autism do not show a preferential response to voices in the superior temporal sulcus; this lack of voice-specific response was previousl...
journal_title:Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s11689-017-9194-9
更新日期:2017-04-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Receptive and expressive vocabulary in adult and adolescent males with fragile X syndrome (FXS) have been shown as significantly lower than their chronological age; however, receptive vocabulary has been considered a strength relative to mental age. This has not been formally examined, however, and data are ...
journal_title:Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s11689-019-9285-x
更新日期:2019-10-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Rett syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by a mutation in the X-linked MECP2 gene. Individuals with Rett syndrome typically develop normally until around 18 months of age before undergoing a developmental regression, and the disorder can lead to cognitive, motor, sensory, and autonomic dysfuncti...
journal_title:Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s11689-019-9275-z
更新日期:2019-07-31 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Various techniques in assisted reproductive technology (ART) have been developed as solutions for specific infertility problems. It is important to gain consensual conclusions on the actual risks of neurodevelopmental disorders among children who are born from ART. This study aimed to quantify the relative r...
journal_title:Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s11689-020-09347-w
更新日期:2020-12-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase proteins (mt-aaRSs) are a group of nuclear-encoded enzymes that facilitate conjugation of each of the 20 amino acids to its cognate tRNA molecule. Mitochondrial diseases are a large, clinically heterogeneous group of disorders with diverse etiologies, ages of onset...
journal_title:Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s11689-019-9292-y
更新日期:2019-12-16 00:00:00
abstract::Activation of maternal stress response systems during pregnancy has been associated with altered postpartum maternal care and subsequent abnormalities in the offspring's brain and behavioral development. It remains unknown, however, whether similar effects may be induced by exposure to immunological stress during preg...
journal_title:Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11689-008-9000-9
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED: BACKGROUND:A previous study reported enhanced psychomotor speed, and subtle but significant cognitive impairments, modulated by age and by mutations in the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene in adult female fragile X premutation carriers (fXPCs). Because male carriers, unlike females, do not have a...
journal_title:Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1866-1955-4-26
更新日期:2012-11-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Facial mimicry is crucial in the recognition of others' emotional state. Thus, the observation of others' facial expressions activates the same neural representation of that affective state in the observer, along with related autonomic and somatic responses. What happens, therefore, when someone cannot mimic...
journal_title:Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s11689-019-9272-2
更新日期:2019-07-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The overall birth prevalence for congenital malformations of the central nervous system (CNS) among Europeans may be as high as 1 in 100 live births. The etiological factors remain largely unknown. The aim of this study was to detect causative copy number variations (CNVs) in fetuses of terminated pregnancie...
journal_title:Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s11689-016-9144-y
更新日期:2016-04-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Individuals diagnosed with fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common known inherited form of intellectual disability, commonly exhibit significant impairments in social gaze behavior during interactions with others. Although this behavior can restrict social development and limit educational opportunities, b...
journal_title:Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s11689-018-9243-z
更新日期:2018-08-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Perinatal exposure to air pollution and immune system dysregulation are two factors consistently associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and other neurodevelopmental outcomes. However, little is known about how air pollution may influence maternal immune function during pregnancy. OBJECTIVES:To asse...
journal_title:Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s11689-020-09343-0
更新日期:2020-12-16 00:00:00