Abstract:
:Phthalate diesters are used in personal care products, plastics, and pesticides, resulting in widespread human and wildlife exposure. Phthalate diesters leach out of these products and ultimately enter biological systems where they are quickly metabolized to phthalate monoesters and glucuronides. As such, phthalate monoesters can serve as indicators of anthropogenic activity in wilderness areas. The Okavango Delta, an inland seasonal wetland covering 5000-12,000 km2 in Botswana, provides fresh water to many species of birds, fish, reptiles, and large mammals. Water samples (N = 46) were taken from across the Okavango water system, extracted, and analyzed for eight different phthalate monoesters using liquid chromatography and isotope dilution mass spectrometry. Seven of eight phthalate monoesters were detected from the low ng/L to low µg/L levels. Phthalate monoesters were found in samples from all five sampling regions. Sources of these contaminants are unknown, but their presence indicates encroachment of human activity on the Okavango Delta.
journal_name
Bull Environ Contam Toxicoljournal_title
Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicologyauthors
Bartsch PW,Edwards TM,Brock JWdoi
10.1007/s00128-019-02630-0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-08-01 00:00:00pages
274-279issue
2eissn
0007-4861issn
1432-0800pii
10.1007/s00128-019-02630-0journal_volume
103pub_type
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