Abstract：
:The human gut is colonised by about one kilogram of commensal bacteria. These microorganisms are a potential threat, thus an efficient defence system is crucial in preventing bacterial translocation and infection. Besides other mechanisms of protection humans produce antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) that are able to kill a broad range of microorganisms. The human beta-defensin 1 (hBD-1) plays a major role because it is produced constitutively by all human epithelia and some immune cells. In contrast to other AMPs, however, the biological function of hBD-1 has remained unclear since the antibiotic activity of hBD-1 in vitro was only marginal. But still, several diseases have been associated with genetic polymorphisms in the hBD-1 encoding gene. Herein we discuss why the biological role of hBD-1 has been overlooked and how hBD-1 can be activated by chemical reduction. We elaborate on the biological significance of this activation and its importance for inflammatory bowel disease.
journal_name
Z Gastroenteroljournal_title
Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologieauthors
Schroeder BO,Stange EF,Wehkamp Jdoi
10.1055/s-0032-1312865subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-11-01 00:00:00pages
1171-5issue
11eissn
0044-2771issn
1439-7803journal_volume
50pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Inhibitors of the HMG-CoA reductase have been shown to further reduce the biliary cholesterol saturation in patients treated with oral bile acids for cholesterol gallbladder stones. It was the aim of our study to evaluate the efficacy of simvastatin in addition to ursodeoxycholic acid in the dissolution of gallstone f...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied intestinal zinc absorption and daily urinary zinc excretion in 13 healthy controls and 27 cirrhotic patients (14 alcoholics, 13 non-alcoholics) with normal serum creatinine levels. Intestinal zinc absorption was determined by the oral zinc tolerance test. Serum levels were significantly lower in cirrhotics,...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The gastrointestinal hormones influence gastric mucosal blood flow in different ways. Gastrin, secretin and pancreocymin increase gastric mucosal blood flow, glucagon, vip and somatostatin decrease it. Motilin has a special position. Given alone motilin improves gastric mucosal blood flow, wheras it reduces gastric mu...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1976-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Approximately one third of all patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis suffer from extra-intestinal manifestations of their inflammatory bowel disease. Most commonly those symptoms occur simultaneously with the CED symptoms; they can, however, either precede them or appear later on in the course of the di...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2002-23621
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The following publication is an overview looking at diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities related to interventional procedures for diseases of the pancreas. We emphasize the description of the technique and show meaningful indications and limitations. ...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2000-10302
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Surgery of anorectal incontinence includes two essential forms: the traumatic lesion of the sphincter and the spontaneous proceeding incontinence. Both forms of incontinence require a surgical therapy that is concerned to its cause. Fresh traumatic lesions of the sphincter can be reconstructed directly by primary sutu...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The high regenerative potential of the liver is driven by parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells, which restore the original liver mass after injury by cell proliferation. The contribution of stem- and progenitor cells to liver regeneration is mainly observed when hepatocyte proliferation is impaired. However, the orig...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1055/s-0035-1566895
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Radiation enteritis is a severe problem in patients receiving irradiation of the abdomen or pelvis in the course of cancer treatment. Nevertheless, there is a lack of standardised strategies for medical prevention and therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A PubMed based literature search was performed to address t...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1055/s-2008-1027150
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION: Assessment of disease activity in Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) is usually based on the physician's evaluation of clinical symptoms, endoscopic findings, and biomarker analysis. The German Inflammatory Bowel Disease Activity Index for CD (GIBDICD) and UC (GIBDIUC) uses data from patient...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/a-0605-4080
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new method of exocrine pancreatic function testing is described. After oral administration of a standard meal containing fluorescein dilaurate (FDL) metoclopramide (10 mg) and secretin (1 U/kg) are given as intravenous bolus injection. The best discrimination between normal and abnormal pancreatic function was found...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The problem of the pathogenetic significance of IgE-mediated inflammatory processes in simple unspecific gastritis was studied in mucosal biopsies of 396 cases with unequivocal histological classification. The results demonstrate that only in acute and erosive gastritis high IgE cell counts are found, thus, indicating...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Junction potentials at the tip of a 0.15 M NaCl- and a 3 M KCl-flowing bridge dependent on the surrounding electrolyte solution were measured and calculated. There was a close correlation between the calculated and measured junction potentials. The magnitude of the calculated and experimentally determined junction pot...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alcohol-induced hypersecretion probably contributes to chronic alcoholic pancreatitis. Feeding of raw soybean flour or soybean trypsin inhibitor also stimulates protein secretion of the pancreas. Therefore, we tested whether or not the pancreatic damage is increased by additional feeding of raw soybean flour in rats f...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tissue specific regulation of gene expression by transcription factors is a fascinating new field in molecular immunology. This review summarizes data on specific regulation of promoters and enhancers by nuclear trans-acting factors in lymphocytes. The structural classes of transcription factors are described and basi...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The liver is an organ with unique immune regulatory potential. This review highlights the experimental evidence for the involvement of hepatic cell populations in the induction of oral tolerance. Although immune tolerance towards oral antigens is mainly induced in the gastrointestinal tract within gut associated lymph...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1055/s-2005-858988
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Portal hypertension in patients with liver cirrhosis can be improved, not only by surgical or interventional shunt placements, but also by drug-only treatment. Many recent studies addressed the question whether any of these substances can improve survival of patients with liver cirrhosis when administered continuously...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1055/a-0958-2788
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic hepatic porphyrias (CHP) are associated with different degrees of liver damage. They range from minimal histological changes to cirrhosis and primary liver carcinomas. Forty patients with early stages of porphyrias were compared to 85 patients with clinically manifest porphyrias, Porphyria cutanea tarda. This ...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acoustic radiation force Impulse (ARFI) technology correlates shear-wave velocity with fibrosis. It can differentiate between advanced fibrosis and normal tissue in chronic liver disease. However, specificity is impaired by cholestasis, inflammation or oedema in acute hepatitis. In patients with acute liver failure (A...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0029-1245690
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The marginal zone B-cell lymphoma, MALT-type (MZBL, MT) is a low-grade B-cell lymphoma which is predominantly localised in the stomach with a typical morphology and cytogenetic pattern. The coexistence of a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with an MZBL, MT in the gastrointestinal tract is defined as a composite l...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1055/s-0029-1245421
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Collagenous and lymphocytic colitis are two chronic inflammatory colonic diseases characterized by chronic watery diarrhea. They can only be diagnosed by histological examination of colonic biopsies. The pathogenesis is unknown, but may be of an inflammatory possibly autoimmune nature. Others hypothesize that a bacter...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Humoral and/or cell-mediated (CMI) immune responses to HBAg components, human and rabbit liver specific proteins (HLP and RLP) and tuberculin were tested in patients with acute virus B and non-B-hepatitis, asymptomatic HBsAg carriers and HBsAg positive chronic active hepatitis (CAH). Furthermore, the presence of HBsAg...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1976-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The spontaneous course of the galactosamine-hepatitis in the guinea-pig (750 and 1000 mg/kg GalN iv respectively) is characterized by a terminal hypoglycemia together with hypothermia and arterial hypotension fifty-nine hours on average after GalN-application. Preventing hypoglycemia and hypothermia by continuous intr...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the major malignancies worldwide. For most patients with advanced or multifocal HCC treatment options are limited resulting in a poor prognosis. Several local ablation methods have been developed as minimally invasive strategies for HCC treatment. It is unclear, until no...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1055/s-2003-44304
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cholangiocarcinoma at the choledochoduodenal anastomosis site is a rare complication. Our 71-years-old female patient developed an adenocarcinoma 38 years after cholecystectomy and choledochoduodenal anastomosis. During the previous two years she suffered from recurrent episodes of cholangitis and jaundice. Multiple e...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent advances in our understanding of viral hepatitis involve the discovery and further characterization of the hepatitis C virus and the interferon treatment of patients with chronic viral hepatitis. Liver cirrhosis and primary hepatocellular carcinoma can develop after some years of disease. Interferon is the only...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) that extend into the vena cava and the right atrium have a poor prognosis. Surgical approaches including partial hepatectomy and thrombectomy are the most frequently reported treatment options. However, most patients with advanced HCC are not eligible for complex surgical interventions ...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1055/a-0855-4469
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:The present survey carried out among the members of the German Society of Gastroenterology and Metabolism (GSGM) was intended 1. to provide information on a) age, professional experience and nature of present activities, b) the service spectrum, c) career prospects, and 2 to reflect the views of those questi...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Proton pump inhibitors are among the most commonly used drugs worldwide. They are considered to be largely safe and cause little side-effects. We report a 69-year-old woman who suffered from erythematous plaques 2 months after initiating therapy with esomeprazole. The diagnosis of subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosu...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0043-113833
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND: The support group "Arbeitskreis der Pankreatektomierten e. V. (AdP)" was founded in 1976 and is the largest group of individuals affected by pancreatic disease in Germany. Members of the AdP support patients with pancreatic disease. This patient-initiated, cross-sectional study intends to present the result...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/a-1348-2680
更新日期：2021-01-27 00:00:00
abstract：:We report on the case of a 55-year-old patient suffering from progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS). The patient was sent to our department when clinical symptoms of an acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage occurred. Upper endoscopy showed a watermelon stomach and fresh blood in the stomach. The presence of teleangie...
journal_title：Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
